STERILITY OF MARES. 569 
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The subject of vaginal and cervical ulcer will be consid¬ 
ered in a later paper, when I shall attempt to consider cer¬ 
vical hyperemia in a more extended manner. 
Cervical hyperemia is usually only a temporary cause of 
stei ilit}/, and is from change of surroundings and climate \ 
but more frequently from keeping the mare away from the 
stallion during three or four rutting periods, relieved, and on 
subsequent service the mare conceives, and should there be 
no pathological condition remaining, accomplishes a success¬ 
ful gestation. 
This desired event can, however, be by the veterinarian’s 
assistance hastened in many instances. The treatment must 
be governed by indications alone. Hot or cold vaginal irri¬ 
gations, with the addition of from five to fifteen per cent, bor- 
acic acid ; tamponing cervix with heated boracic acid, &c. 
When there is intense hyperasmia, 1 have found tamponing 
the cervix with a large pad of absorbent cotton, shaped to fit 
the cul-de-sac and completely enveloping the cervix, to be of 
material benefit, promptly relieving the hyperasmia by de¬ 
pletion. This tampon should have a string attached by which 
the attendant may remove it in from five to eight hours after 
insertion. 
Where it is necessary to adopt this method, I follow the 
tampon for several days with a warm boracic acid water vag¬ 
inal injection, employing usually from two to four gallons of 
water at a temperature of about ioo° F. 
In chronic hyperasmia, accompanied by cellular changes, 
and an organized exudate, painting the cervix once or twice 
weekly with comp. tr. iodine, followed with daily hot vaginal 
irrigations, has in my hands been productive of much good. 
There is much in an examination properly made, and per¬ 
haps it may not be untimely for me to call your attention 
to the accompanying cuts of some gynecological instruments, 
necessary for all veterinarians in breeding districts, that are 
desirous of seeing “per vagina” what there is in this direc¬ 
tion. The instruments shown are necessary for the success¬ 
ful practice of gynecology. These instruments are very 
nicely and lightly made by Haussmann & McComb of Chica- 
