592 
R. W. BtJR&E. 
particular. We have alluded to these points in previous ar¬ 
ticles we have contributed to the Veterinary Journal and else¬ 
where. In drawing attention afresh to this disease I shall re¬ 
fer briefly to the most important features which are regarded 
as peculiar to it. 
We may state that the clinical history of surra in general 
is that of penicious anaemia. T he marked anaemic conditions, 
observed both ante and post-mortem , leucocytosis, fatty degen¬ 
eration of the muscles, liver, spleen, and other organs, the 
general hemorrhages, and the chronic state of fever, which 
end in death in so many cases, leave no doubt as to the nature 
of the disease. 
(a) Temperature. —A point of interest we have noted 
in the case of surra in India, and which other veterinary sur¬ 
geons had done in that of penicious anasmia seen in Europe, 
is the well-worn subject, the paroxysms of increase of temper¬ 
ature, the so-called '‘anaemia fever” of writers on pernicious 
anaemia in the human subject. Zschokke * also has assigned 
a prominent place to this fever, which he found to be of an in¬ 
termittent type in the horse; and Frohnerf has likewise 
noted a marked rise in temperature on the fourth day, which, 
with slight remissions, remained high till death. 
J) Duration and Course.— The most important fea¬ 
ture of the disease is that there is no history of a definite on¬ 
set, and that the condition is progressive. There are usually 
a number of relapses, the average duration of the disease 
being probably not less than two months. The couise is 
sometimes prolonged to several, usually six to eight weeks; 
the average duration of the human (pernicous anaemia) being 
also estimated at "two months.” The average of several 
cases noted by Dr. Evans was two months. It is seen that 
weak animals succumb sooner, and in some outbreaks the 
ordinary duration of the disease does not exceed from one 
week to a fortnight, and, frequently may be less in outbreaks 
in which reckoning was made after the date of admission on 
the sick report. 
*8chweizer-Archiv. f. Their heilkunde, Bd. 25, 1883. 
f Archiv. f. Wiss u. Prakt , Thierheilkunde, Bd. 12, 5 u, 6 Heft , 1886. 
