GENERAL PATHOLOGY OF “ SURRA ” IN ANIMALS. 
593 
(V) Varieties.— “ There is another variety of surra, which 
is never acute from the beginning, or scarcely even sub-acute* 
It is truly chronic, may last for months, and occasionally 
intermits during its course. Though such animals may be 
seen to be frequently on the sick list for debility due to gen¬ 
eral loss of blood, indicated by anaemia of mucous mem¬ 
branes, a weak and readily excitable pulse, and swelling of 
the limbs, etc., they cannot be said at any time to suffer from 
more than chronic asthenia, and to say the least of it, their 
appetite remains as good throughout the course of this dis¬ 
ease as when they were in perfect health. Such cases occur 
sporadically, are not very uncommon, and I believe, a num¬ 
ber of rejections by means of special casting committees to 
which every battery of artillery and regiment of cavalry is 
liable in India are due to this disease. In most, if not all of 
these cases it is exceedingly difficult to make any impression 
by the use of internal remedies. They are liable to frequent 
intermittent attacks of debility, in many cases the animals 
falling away to a mere skeleton. In the treatment of such 
cases a most essential element is removal from the place 
where the disease was contracted. In the acute form, as 
mentioned before, the disease is very fatal, but in the milder 
and more chronic form recovery is sometimes noted, although 
the malady being liable to recurrence it is difficult to say 
whether this really takes place.”—( Tropical Diseases of the 
Horse , 2d Ed., 1888, pp. 44-5.) A few cases have been seen 
by Dr. Evans to make slow progress in the disease for over 
a year. 
(d) Fatality. —The disease has been characterized as an 
“ invariably fatal ” one. There is probably no disease in 
which the fatality is so high as in pernicious anasmia. 
( e ) Urine. —The urine in most cases is albuminous, and 
contains much haemoglobin which is set free by the destruc¬ 
tion of the red corpuscles. 
(/) Appetite. —In spite of a greedy appetite, debility ap¬ 
pears progressive in character. It is scarcely necessary to 
remark on the importance of this symptom in diagnosis, as 
all who have written on surra lay special stress on it. Vet- 
