GENERAL PATHOLOGY OF “ SURRA ” IN ANIMALS. 
595 
50.) And we are supported in this opinion by Dr. Ranking, 
who says: “ Quinine on full doses appears to control the dis¬ 
ease, supplemented by general measures to combat the anas- 
mia and weakness consequent on prolonged illness, chiefly 
by milk, iron and arsenic.” (Veterinary Journal , June, 1891.) 
There is little doubt that if the disease is treated early by 
quinine, arsenic, iron and perhaps other tonics, by changing 
the water and making some variation in the location of th e 
animals, great benefit, if not absolute removal of the disease, 
may be secured. To obtain the most satisfactory results, it 
should be treated early, before marked tissue changes have 
taken place. If the treatment be adopted at a later period, 
it may still be beneficial, though less so than in the early 
stage. 
(2) Prevention. —Prevention is better than cure. Hence 
climate and soils favorable to the growth of malarial organ¬ 
isms should always be avoided. According to Parkes the 
following soils are most so, viz .—alluvial soils, old estuaries, 
deltas, sands, clay, chalk, granite or trap rocks, and particu¬ 
larly vegetable soils at the foot of hills—as, the jungle, or 
terai, in India. 
We have noted that change of locality and climate is 
most favorable to recovery in these cases. The influence of 
high annual temperature in producing more pernicious forms 
of malaria is illustrated in the case of surra, and suggests the 
removal of all animals suspected of infection to those stations 
which are known to possess a milder climate in India (and, 
perhaps, better still, to the hills), which are less suitable to 
the growth of surra organisms. And, lastly, preventive in¬ 
oculation with surra parasites artificially weakened, is a most 
important means of acquiring permanent immunity from the 
disease, and should be specially practised. 
(/) Influence of Season. —It has been seen that surra 
occurs most commonly after the rainy season in India. There 
may be many local conditions—susceptibility to climate, 
season, etc., that may affect the greater prevalence of the 
disease in animals, in different ontbreaks. Dr. Moore, at a 
recent meeting of the Royal Academy of Medicine, Ireland, 
