610 
W. L. W. 
no way known to him to account for the disease in these 
organs except the micro-organisms be carried by the circu¬ 
lation. 
On cross-examination he admitted that he had recently 
said over his signature, and that such assertion was true, that 
in his mind parts of animals affected with actinomycosis were 
unfit for human food, but still maintained that the disease 
could not be transmitted from animal to animal nor 
from animal to man by accident, but that it could be contracted 
by either from accidental inoculation with the same germ 
growing upon plants. When asked to explain why the actin- 
omyces of plants would, in his opinion, produce the disease 
in animals and the identical micro-organism from animal tis¬ 
sues would not, he could not answer. 
Dr. F. S. Billings, professor of pathology and histology 
at the Chicago Veterinary College and for several years a 
student in Germany, was called on behalf of the plaintiffs. 
Complaining of illness, the cross-examination was made 
very brief, and mainly directed toward showing his egotism. 
He asserted that he had made the infectious diseases of ani¬ 
mals his sole study for a number of years, day and night. 
He was quite positive that he knew a great deal about infec¬ 
tious diseases of animals, more than all other scientists on the 
American continent, and admitted that before coming upon 
the stand that he had asserted he was “the Jesus Christ of 
infectious diseases in America.” 
The defendants called as witnesses, Prof. A. H. Baker, of 
Chicago Veterinary College ; Dr. Chas. N. Hewitt, Secretary 
Minnesota Board of Health; State Veterinarian Case well, of 
Chicago, Ill.; Assistant Veterinarians Scott of Peoria and Page 
of Rockford ; Dr. Nattress, of Delevan, Ill.; W. L. Williams, 
formerly Assistant State Veterinarian, of Bloomington, Ill., 
now Professor of Veterinary Science in Perdue University, 
LaFayette, Ind., and affidavits were submitted from Prof. 
James Law, of Cornell University ; Dr. A. Liautard, Principal 
American Veterinary College, N. Y.; Dr. Paul Paquin, of 
Mich.; Prof. Jos. Hughes, of Chicago Veterinary College; 
Doctors of Medicine Ochsner, Murphy and Schirmer of Chi- 
