8 
D. E. SALMON. 
ished within the brief space of two months. This is over 70%. 
Many of the animals died without previously evincing any notica- 
ble symptoms of the disease. 
In many of these there was more or less ulceration in the large 
intestine, showing plainly that the animals may be very severely 
affected and be a source of infection for others for a considerable 
time without presenting any symptoms to indicate their condition. 
About one-third of the cases in this outbreak showed lesions of 
a hemorrhagic character. The most common was an infiltration 
of the cortical portion of the lymphatic glands with blood. Some¬ 
times the entire gland on section, was found to be similarly affected. 
Accompanying this condition of the lymphatics is usually a very 
large spleen, its great size being due to engorgement with blood. 
Next in frequency were the hemorrhagic lesions of the serous mem¬ 
branes. These consisted of extravasations of various sizes. In about 
10% of the animals the kidneys were hemorrhagic. As a rule in 
these hemorrhagic cases the mucous membrane of the stomach is 
deeply reddened and there is hemorrhage into the membrane and in 
rare cases on its surface. The mucous membrane of the large intes¬ 
tine was affected in about the same manner as that of the stomach. 
The membrane of the small intestine was usually normal. Our 
experience has been that the early cases in an outbreak are hem¬ 
orrhagic and are succeeded by those with ulceration of the large 
intestines and cellular infiltration of the lymphatics. 
Ulcers of the large intestine were found in 36 out of 49 cases, 
or about 75%. They vary from very slight to very severe and ex¬ 
tensive lesions involving in a small number nearly the whole of 
the membrane of the ccecum and colon. In a few cases the le¬ 
sion was not limited to the muccus membrane, but extended into 
the muscular wall, producing considerable local inflammation and 
thickening of the serous membrane. In rare cases necrosis and 
cellular infiltration had made the intestinal wall so friable that it 
broke when handled. In five cases the lower ilium was ulcerated, 
but the ulcers seemed to have no relation to Peyer’s patches. The 
age of the ulcers cannot be determined, as the process of necrosis 
and ulceration seems to vary a great deal in rapidity. We have 
frequently found a combination of old ulcers with recent hemor- 
