DISEASES OF THE SKIN AMONG DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. 
39 
larger inflammatory masses, and finally lead to the formation of 
scars. 
The therapy consists in emptying the papules and keeping the 
follicle mouths open. This is to be effected by pressure, the re¬ 
moval of scales, frictions with alkaline soaps, spiritus saponis 
kalinus, sublimate solutions, carbolized glycerine, and the like. 
As a rule the efflorescence disappears spontaneously when the 
weather becomes cooler. 
6. —Pemphigus. 
This is a very rare skin disease and makes its appearance ac¬ 
companied by an inflammatory fever. Upon a surface of normal 
or erythematous skin there appear pea to hen’s-egg sized vesicles 
with serous contents. After rupture, the cover of the vesicle and 
the dried secretion form crusts upon the excoriated surface, and 
restitution of the epidermis occurs, leaving a shining skin behind. 
Two cases of the disease only have been recorded, and they in 
cattle ; one by Seaman in 1852, and one by Loisch in 1858. 
We may place midway between pemphigus and eczema vesicu- 
losum, a dermatosis which affects horses especially. It appears 
in the neighborhood of the mouth and nares, and is described as 
hespes labialis or heat eruption. Accompanied by fever there 
appear closely aggregated lentil-sized vesicles, seated upon a red¬ 
dened and moderately oedematous base. These burst or dry up, 
and form small yellowish or brownish cruses. In a short time the 
epidermis is renewed and shining, brightly pigmented spots are 
left behind; so that the disease rarely lasts longer than one week. 
7. —Urticaria. 
By this we understand an acute dermatosis occurring in horses, 
cattle, pigs and dogs. Sharply defined wheals appear in conse¬ 
quence of sudden congestion, and then occurs serous imbibition of 
the corium and the corpus papillare. 
These wheals can best be seen in the pig in consequence of 
its generally unpiginented and hairless skin. The lesions, as a 
rule, are dollar-sized, raised £ mm. above the normal skin, 
they are reddened or pale, and are surrounded by a pink areola. 
Under certain conditions the wheals may coalesce and form broad, 
