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ROSCOE BELL. 
and Larger to the end of substantiating this view. M. Cagnat, 
having castrated successively six horses with the same ecrazier, 
found that all of them died of tetanus; the instrument having 
been cleansed, there were no more deaths. M. Langevin states 
that in 1848, Veterinary Surgeon Huvelier lost from tetanus 
thirteen out of fifteen horses which had been operated upon sim¬ 
ultaneously, and M. Bounian relates that of six bulls which he 
castrated simultaneously, five had tetanus. M. Thierry castrated 
fourteen lambs and twelve succumbed, while thirteen operated 
upon at the same time by another veterinary surgeon recovered. 
On inquiry it was found that five months before a horse had died 
of tetanus ten or twelve yards from the place where Thierry’s 
newly castrated lambs were lodged. In 1870 M. Anger saw a 
dog become tetanic where there was a horse suffering from the 
disease. Many other instances having the same import as those 
cited above, were related at the Surgical Congress, but these will 
serve my purpose to show their tenor. 
While the clinicians were collecting facts, the experimenta¬ 
lists were also busy. In 1860 Rose failed to produce tetanus b} T 
inoculation; Arloing and Tripier were likewise unsuccessful, 
though they employed blood as the medium, and Nocard, An- 
tonelli and Cocco were no more fortunate. But in 1883 an im¬ 
portant advance was made in the solution of the problem, MM. 
Carl and Rattome having succeeded for the first time in produc¬ 
ing the disease by inoculation. A man died from tetanus, which 
was due to an acne pustule on the neck; Carl and Rattome ex 
cised the tissues of the pustule, and, examining them in an emul- 
tion, saw cocci and bacilli, and intramuscular, intrasciatic, and 
intravertebral inoculation with their dilution produced opistho- 
tonous tetanus in eleven of twelve rabbits experimented upon. 
Bizzozero and Burrutti obtained similar results, but failed when 
employing blood. 
In 1884 Nicolaier discovered in vegetable soil a microbe, 
which when injected into the guinea pig, produced a tetaniform 
affection transmissible by inoculation; the muscular spasms, com¬ 
mencing in the inoculated limb, soon became generalized. This 
microbe was a long bacillus, abundantly prevalent in the pus 
