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WM. T. GOTTHEIL. 
masses, which finally soften and become purulent or necrotic. In 
these cases he found very large fibrous new growths, the contents 
of which were greyish-red and soft, and in places purulent. 
In all of them he found a fungus exactly similar to actino- 
myces bovis; in the others the fungus was slightly altered in ap¬ 
pearance by what he regarded as a degenerative process. He 
therefore designated the malady funiculitis actinomycotia. 
In another later case of Johne’s there was a fibrous growth, 
the size of a man’s head, involving both cords. Here he found 
not actinomyces, but a micrococcus in encapsulated, zooglea-like 
groups, similar in many respects to the ascococcus Bilrothi. Still 
later he has published four more cases of mycotic funiculitis. 
Johne also found a fibroid-like tumor, the size of a man’s 
head, upon the heart of a 14-year old horse. This was a true 
mykodesmoid, and in it Johne found abundant colonies of a 
micrococcus similar to the one obtained from the funicular 
tumors. 
Up to 1886 Johne has demonstrated the micro-organism in 
ten further cases of funicular tumor, and has finally designated it 
as “ micrococcus ascoformans ” (capsule-forming micrococcus). 
During the years from 1881 to 1885 Habe had independently 
found the same organism in a number of cases of mykodesmoid, 
had made pure cultures, and had produced similar tnmors by in¬ 
oculation. He regarded a traumatism as a necessary condition 
for invasion by the parasite, and proved its occurrence in all his 
cases. He proved a perfectly constant and typical form of 
growth in various culture media. Inoculations killed guinea-pigs 
by septicaemia, caused an inflammatory oedema in sheep and goats, 
ending in localized necrosis of the skin or more extensive necrosis 
of that organ and death of the animal. In horses the inoculation 
of a pure culture caused at first an inflammatory oedema, which 
disappeared in eight to ten days. But four to six weeks later 
there appeared at the spot a slowly growing fibrous tumor, and 
this tumor always contained the pathogenic micrococcus in large 
quantities. Vaccination in this way gave no immunity against 
subsequent growths. 
