460 
AMERICAN VETERINARY COLLEGE. 
The operation, as described by Fleming, consists in the removal 
of the left vocal cord, (that being the one generally supposed to 
cause the trouble), with that portion of the arytenoid cartilage to 
which the cord is attached. The animal is cast and placed plumb 
upon his back, and the head and neck extended in a straight line; 
the incision, about two inches in length, is made on the median 
line, involving the thyro-crycoid ligament, the cricoid cartilage 
and the crico-tracheal ligament; the entire interior of the larynx 
is thus fully exposed, the wound is dilated by means of the blunt 
tenaculum, one on either side, the cord is seized with a bull dog 
forceps or secured with a thread and removed with the curved 
scissors, together with the lower extremity of the arytenoid carti¬ 
lage. There is but a slight hemorrhage accruing from the inci¬ 
sion through the skin and muscles; the excision of the cord causes 
but a trifling loss of blood. 
The after care of the wound is exceedingly simple, consisting 
merely of cleanliness, control of the granulations by means of 
suitable caustics, dressing consisting of a pad of oakum retained 
by means of a wide bandage. Strange to say, there are no evil 
after-effects from the operation, no interference with respiration, 
nor disturbance with deglutition, no inflammation of the mucous 
membrane. 
Case No. 1 was a bay mare, eight years of age; began to roar 
when first broke to harness, her sire and dam having been roarers. 
Was operated upon on the 15th of September, cocaine being used 
at three or four different points about the larynx. When the in¬ 
side of the larynx was exposed, it was noticed that the left vocal 
cord was somewhat immobilized, while the one on the right side 
moved to and fro with every motion of respiration. The wound 
healed very kindly, and on the 8th of October she was put under 
the saddle and given a smart gallop as .a test and found to roar 
just as much as ever. 
Case No. 2 was a bay mare, seven years old, height sixteen 
hands. Her case was one of about four months standing, coming 
on slowly and imperceptibly, intermittent at first and slight in 
character, until it became fully confirmed and chronic; would 
not give evidence of it unless driven at a high rate of speed, but 
