MAD ITCH, OR ENZOOTIC MENINGITIS. 
489 
Some were slightly tympanitic from the start, a condition 
which was present toward the end of every fatal disease, but in¬ 
tensified. Eyes dull, and often had an anxious look ; saliva near¬ 
ly always dribbling from the mouth. Frequent changing of 
the extremities, particularly the hind ones. Shivering of the 
shoulder muscles, as though a chill was constantly running through 
them. Scratching the withers with the horns ; placing the jaw 
or neck on a fence or any other convenient object, and rubbing it 
with such madness as to render the skin bloody or ragged. One 
would stretch his head high in the air and shake it so violently as 
to convulse the whole fore part of the body. Another hung his 
head so low as to touch the ground or floor almost without inter¬ 
mission. Still another would lie down, draw one or the other leg 
toward the body, or strike out convulsively, get up and walk off 
as though there were nothing amiss. Some had a tottering gait 
at the outset, and toward the end lost all power of locomotion. 
Others ran around wildly in their pen almost without interruption, 
until exhausted. A few hours before expiring, all got down and 
became unconscious. 
Already at the beginning these animals evinced a failing deg¬ 
lutition. Pulse was faint and rose to 100° and over in a short 
time. Heart beat scarcely perceptible. Respiration irregu¬ 
lar in its rhythms, and rose from 40° to 70° and even 80° per min¬ 
ute. 
The disease lasted from 12 to 48 hours. 
Post mortem examinations: 
No. 1. Cadaver tympanitic, a reddish serum flowed from the 
nostrils, bluish red spots on the Schneiderian membrane, eyes very 
much sunken, rectum protruding. Upon removing the hide a tar¬ 
like blood oozed from the vessels, the muscles had a darker, 
though otherwise good appearance. The stomachs were toler¬ 
ably well filled with food; the epithelium of the mucous lining 
of the rumen was so detachable that it fell out with the contents, 
and its mucous membrane was inflamed in some places, which 
phenomenon was not present in the other three stomachs. The 
intestines contained much liquid food (slop) but presented nothing 
abnormal. Liver was clay colored, its consistence scarcely changed. 
