ml 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
I 25 
Crops in Plum and Cherry Orchard 
j. 17. //., I'at/iie's Depot, Ku—l have a 
vuiing' iJliim and cherry orchard set in 
isits. where I have cultivated strawberries 
between trees for two years. The trees 
liave not borne any fruit yet, and are now 
ill a sod of berry vines and grass. What 
is the best cultivation for a crop of plums 
and cherries, the crop between rows of 
trees being a secondary consideration? I 
have intended, unless advised otherwise, 
to piow the vines and grass under this 
Spring and cultivate in corn or potatoes. 
The trees were not cultivated last year 
after berry harvest (June), but made 
enough growth without it, and being in 
strong soil would make good growth this 
year, but whether they wall make a crop 
ne.vt year without any cultivation I don’t 
know. How shall I manage it for best 
results in fruit? 
Ans.—T he plan that 1 would follow 
would he to plow shallow early next 
Spring, and th^iroughly cultivate the 
land all Summer. If the ground is rich 
enough to produce a good crop of pota- 
and thus secure a heavy mat of leaves 
before the ground freezes. This again 
starts vigorously in the Spring, aids in 
drying out the soil, and when turned 
under about the middle of May, materi¬ 
ally improves the soil texture. The best 
orchardists in Maine are coming more 
and more to recognize the benefits of 
spraying, tillage and cover crops. 
Maine Exp. Station, w. m. munso.x. 
Black Beetles on Strawberry Plant. 
Reader (No Address).—A small black flea 
beetle comes on my strawberry plants dur¬ 
ing the latter part of July. It punctures 
holes through the leaves, entirely destroy¬ 
ing the plants, or weakening them .so 
much that they make only a feeble growth, 
hs this w'hat is called the Strawberry 
crown-borer? If so, what is the best 
remedy? 
Ans.—^P robably the beetles were not 
the adults of the grub known as the 
Strawberry crown-borer, for these 
beetles usually emerge and feed in Au- 
toes without injuring the trees it might S^st and later; they are unable to fly. 
be as well to plant it as not to do so, 
but the cropping of orchards of any 
kind when the trees have attained bear¬ 
ing age is questionable. It would be lit¬ 
tle loss to omit the potatoes, and might 
be a decided advantage to the prospec¬ 
tive crop of plums and cherries. 
Greenhouse Heating. 
M. T. ir., Sandy Hill. N. Y.-l have a 
greenhouse 20x100 feet, even span, now 
healed by hot water; this is not satisfac- 
But the beetles of one of the Strawberry 
root-worms are black and work on the 
foliage in July, often doing much dam¬ 
age; as their grubs feed on the fibrous 
roots of the plant, the combined work 
of the beetles and grubs would often re¬ 
sult in killing the plants. This Straw¬ 
berry root-worm is a difficult insect to 
control, on account of the underground 
habits of the grubs. Badly-infested 
fields should be plowed up soon after the 
lory, and I w'ant more heat. Will vitrified crop is gathered. Old unused strawberry 
tile, laid as indicated by double line in Fig. beds should not be left as breeding 
52, prove satisfactory? I wish to retain the ... 
present hot w^ater system and save the S^Odnds foi the pest. New beds should 
heat that escapes now through chimney ifOf A® set with plants grown in infested 
by carrying smoke through tile under the beds. If the beetles are killed in July 
August it will prevent their laying 
eggs for a crop of grubs to work the next 
season. It is said that thorough work 
with a Paris-green or other poisonous 
spray, beginning as soon as the fruit is 
Is it practicable? How high and of what 
diameter should the smokestack be? 
Would tile on one side only of larger cal¬ 
iber (eight-inch) be better than two lines of 
six-inch as shown in Fig. 52? Practical 
information is much desired. Should they • , , . 
be laid on the ground or board, or sup- Picked, and making applications every 
ported above ground, to allow circulation week or 10 days as long as any beetles 
of air around them? are to be seen, will greatly reduce the 
Ans. —It is quite practicable to con- crop of beetles, and thus do much to 
duct the smoke and heated gases of com- control the pest for the next season, 
luistion through tile to the farther end 
of greenhouse and thus secure more 
heating surface. One eight or even 10- 
inch tile laid on cold side of house would 
be much more effective than two six- 
inch tiles, which would soon choke up 
and cause irregular draft. The stack 
M. V. SLINGKKI.AND. 
Treatment for Potato Scab; Crimson Closer. 
II. N. T., Providente, R. What is the 
formalin, and what the sulphur treatment 
for potatoes? How much Crimson clover 
seed to the acre? 
Ans. —Formalin is a liquid. Mix at 
the rate of half a pint in 15 gallons of 
water. Rinse the dirt off the potatoes, 
and then soak them in this mixture for 
an hour and a half. Then dry and cut. 
The object of this is to destroy the 
germs of the scab—which is a disease. 
The “sulphur treatment” consists in 
dusting dry flowers of sulphur over the 
pieces as the seed potatoes are cut. We 
cut into peach baskets, and scatter a 
handful of the sulphur over the cut 
pieces, shaking it well down. The sul¬ 
phur not only kills many of the scab 
rr,.... germs, but seems to preserve the seed 
ILE FLLE8 IN GREENHOUSE. Fig. .52. especially in cold, damp seasons when 
should be at least 12 feet high to insure danger of rotting. We use 15 
a good draft In a 100-foot house, and Crlmsonjl^ seed per acre. 
should have an inside area somewhat cmbmicai.s fob PRUii.-We are often 
gi eatei than the tile. Jhe tile is best asked whether there is any better mixture 
laid on an inclined plank suppoi’ted by of chemicals than ground bone and potash 
BASEMENT 
Cm(mn 
fURNACt 
»0TWAT£( 
! BENCH 
-4 
‘1 
AISLE 
50LID BED 
Oo 
’L AISLE 
\ BENCH 
100 FT. L0N&. 
brick or stone piers. There should be 
a rise of at least three feet to the 100, 
from furnace to junction at chimney. 
Coyer Crops in Cold Countries. 
/•'. If. A., Oal'land. Me. —I have seen in 
your paper and others a good deal said 
about cover crops. Away up nort^i here 
in Maine the ground is usually covered 
with snow from six to eight months of 
the year; will your so-called cover crops 
be of any benefit to us? If so, how are 
we going to get them? We usually get 
our harvesting done by the middle of Octo¬ 
ber, and the ground freezes up by the 
middle of November. 
Ans.—I f we could be sure of snow for 
for fruit trees. Where the soil is cultivated 
thoroughly three parts fine bone and one 
part muriate or sulphate of potash will 
answer. This is the simplest mixture, but 
not always cheapest and best. With old 
trees, especially where they stand In sod, 
one part nitrate of soda, one part bone, 
two parts dissolved rock and one part of 
muriate or sulphate will give better re¬ 
sults. The nitrate is at once soluble, and 
will soak down below the grass. So will 
the potash and the phosphoric acid in the 
rock. 
A New Vegetable 
“CRIMSON WINTER” 
Austra¬ 
lian 
Rhu¬ 
barb 
Pear Blight.— The reference in The R. 
N.-Y. on page 73 to Pear blight as dis¬ 
cussed at the Rochester meeting of West¬ 
ern N. Y. Horticultural Society should 
have been as follows: Prof. Johnson stated 
the length of time mentioned, there that the various diseases of the pear and 
would be less reason for a cover crop other fruit trees were being studied in 
than exists in fact. Not infrequently, ^^a*;yiand by Prof. c. o. Townsend, State 
hnwovio.. iLv, OF. • Pathologist, and that an experiment had 
lowevei, the Winter snow cover is de- been made on his place with cotton and a 
layed until after January 1, when the two-per-cent solution of formalin upon a 
ground may be frozen to a depth of two certain blighted pear tree, with, apparent- 
feet. The period of alternate freezing results. While the experiments 
and thawing previous to the snowfall, 
and again in April, should also be pro¬ 
vided for. Our own practice at the Ex¬ 
periment Station is to sow Winter rye, Por the land's sake, use Bowker’s Fer- 
from about August 15 to September 1, tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adm, 
were not complete, he thought the results 
were promising, and that more conclusive 
information would soon follow Prof. Town¬ 
send’s work. 
The GREAT VALUE OF RHUBARB has always 
been Its earllness. CRIMSON WINTER Is fully 
six months earlier thau any other Rhubarb. 
“OPULENT” Peach, “FIRST” Plum 
and other new fruits. 
For descriptive catalogues address 
Burbank's Experiment Farm, Santa Rosa, Cal. 
B ig apples 
WE OFFER TRUE TO NAME. 
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Twenty i 
RASPBERRY 
Twenty Flue Blocks of- Price List Free 
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l!G STRAWBERRIES. 
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the most valuable pub¬ 
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Largest stock In Amer¬ 
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R. DOUGLAS’ SONS, 
Waukegan, Ill. 
Everblooming Hardy Roses. 
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i Oni ratalAtfllll Trees and Plants free. 
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ASPARAGUS 
Roots 
Address CHAS. H. MATHIS, 
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Mention this Paper. 
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At 
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9f 
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EVERY FRUIT GROWER SHOULD READ R. M. KELLOGG’S NEW BOOK, ENTITLED 
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.AND HOW TO GROW THEM. The author has grown the largest crops of fancy fruit ever 
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