i88 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 16 
Farmers’ Club. 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please sec whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
The Lime for Sweetening Soil. 
F. //., lAidlow, F/.—Will ground phosphate 
rock answer for an application of lime to 
sweeten soil or supply a deficiency of lime 
on southern Florida land? Will acid phos¬ 
phate answer the same purpose. 
Ans. —No. The ground phosphate con¬ 
tains lime, but it is not in the proper 
form for sweetening the soil. This 
“sweetening” or neutralizing process is 
a chemical one. The lime should he in 
the form of a carbonate. As an illus¬ 
tration of what we mean take soda. 
Common salt is the chloride of soda, 
while cooking soda is the bicarbonate, 
and the well-known Glauber’s salt is 
the sulphate. We do not use the sul¬ 
phate for biscuit making, or the table 
salt for a headache, or the cooking soda 
for preserving food. Each has its place 
in economy, depending largely on the 
change made when it is broken from its 
chemical union. Just so with lime. J'he 
carbonate is the form used for sweeten¬ 
ing the soil. 
Soy Beans and Cow Peas. 
I). G., Waynesboro, Pa.—What is the dif¬ 
ference between Soja bean and Soy bean? 
Will Soja beans grow well on poor soil and 
how do they fertilize? Are they any more 
valuabie in the way of fertilizing than cow 
peas? 
Ans. —No difference except in the 
name. We sent to the best authorities 
in the country and asked them which 
name is preferable. They all agreed 
that Soy is better. The Soy beans re¬ 
quire good soil, or a fair amount of ma¬ 
nure or fertilizer to make their best 
growth. For manuring purposes we 
prefer the cow pea. It does better on 
poor soil, hugs the ground closer, and 
is easier to plow under. 
Cotton-Seed Meal and Stable Manure. 
If. M. P., Grand Isle, Vt .—How about cot¬ 
ton-seed meal as a fertilizer? How long 
does it take to become available? Would 
it not be a good fertilizer to apply with 
barnyard manure for corn on shallow soil 
liable to leach? 
Ans. —We regard cotton-seed meal as 
too much like manure to be mixed with 
it. The following table will explain 
what we mean: 
Pounds in One Ton. 
Phos- 
Nitro- Pot- phoric 
gen. ash. acid. 
Avqrage manure . 10 13 6 
t’otton-sced meal .120 35 50 
Both are what we call one-sided fer¬ 
tilizers; that is with a higher propor¬ 
tion of nitrogen than of the minerals. 
Most crops require more of potash and 
phosphoric acid than of nitrogen, and 
the corn crop in particular needs pot¬ 
ash—the ash of the cob sometimes con¬ 
taining 35 per cent. To mix the meal 
and manure would make the proportion 
even worse. What should be done is to 
use acid rock and muriate of potash with 
either. The nitrogen in cotton-seed 
meal is quite available—rather more so 
than most organic forms. 
You say that you would not care to mix 
It with barnyard manure for the reason 
that manure is already too rich in nitrogen 
in proportion to minerals. Prof. Aikman, 
in his book. Manures and Manuring, says: 
“The ingredient in which barnyard manure 
requires to be reinforced is nitrogen.” He 
also speaks of the Rothamsted experiments, 
which showed that barnyard manure “re¬ 
stored the mineral ingredients, but was in¬ 
adequate as a source of nitrogen.” Are 
you sure that manure is not oftener out of 
balance by having too little of nitrogen in 
proportion to the minerals? Of course, 
manure varies much in quality according 
to treatment, feed, etc. Do farmers on this 
side of the pond feed so much more nitro¬ 
genous food? 
The figures quoted above show the 
average composition of manure. As the 
result of many American experiments it 
appears that on light soil a farmer may 
profitably use for corn about three times 
as much potash and phosphoric acid as 
of nitrogen. Manure varies greatly, but 
in this country is regarded as vaiuable 
chiefly for its nitrogen. Experiments 
in Massachusetts, where potash and 
phosphoric acid were added to manure, 
both separately and mixed, show beyond 
any doubt the value of such “reenforce¬ 
ment” on average New England soils. 
Farmers on the lighter American soils 
apparently need to use more nitrogen 
than is required on the heavier grass 
lands of England. 
Grass Seed for a Cemetery. 
J. L. C., Marion, Ind .—I am Interested in 
a new cemetery, which we wish to keep 
similar to a lawn. What kinds of grass 
seed, and how much per acre, shall we use? 
Ans. —No grasses excel Kentucky Blue 
grass and Red-top either in beauty or 
utility for the purpose named. The 
seeds may be mixed in equal propor¬ 
tions, and 80 to 100 pounds of the mix¬ 
ture should be sown to an acre of well- 
prepared and enriched soil. A pound of 
Sweet Vernal grass may be added for 
the sake of the pleasant odor. This is 
rather heavy seeding, as the above 
grasses only weigh about 14 pounds to 
the measured bushel, but the result will 
be better, and far more permanent than 
if a smaller quantity is used. Six or 
eight pounds of White clover per acre 
may well be sown separately. It is very 
useful for covering vacancies and sup¬ 
plying nitrogen to the grass roots as 
time goes on. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
Q0,0D SEEDS CHE 
• BEST on Earth. 
, Only I c to 3c per pkg. 
'VxLSl Postpaid. & all TEST ED. 
I^GRANDSl" 
Kk I control largo Plantations 
many Stato.s, and Europe. 
, Rare & New sorts cheap. 
' Seed in bulk by tl3. & bu. 
' cheaper than any grown. 
Fruit Trees & Field SetKl low, 
Tniri XT'XT' Oroat! flrandl 
Jj _1 vi^.iJVllluslrated Itig 
Catalogue. Send address. 
Also those who want SEEDS. 
R. H. SHUMWAY, 
ROCKrORD, iLLIMOIS. 
01 A|| per bu. for Sweet Corn. Other seeds and 
vIlUU plants. SI per 1,000 for strawb'y plants. 
P. E. RICUAUnSON, Berrien SpgB., Mich. 
U/UITC U/nUnK^D nATQ—SObu. per acre; no rust 
TVIiIIl TTUnUen UAIOorsraut; .'K) cents per bu. 
Hacks free. F. 8. COODKlCll, Esmond, III. 
Fob Sale—100 bu of Stowell’s Ever- 
Kreen Sweet Corn, caretully rojrued, at IL.'K) per 
bushel, sacks free. ORRIS METCALF, Momence, III. 
Ri<y pAlir Oats. A white oat, with short. 
Dig rUUl Hiltr straw that does not lodge. Last 
year 15 acres produced 1400 bushels (by wt.; for me. 
Recleaned, OOc. per bushel for 2 bushels or over. 
Bags free. 8 . G. BROWN. Willoughby, Ohio. 
Clover and Timothv, 
BEARDLESS SPRING BARLEY 
We are recleaners of all kinds of Field 
Seeds, and do not mix Medium with Mam¬ 
moth Red Clover. 
Write for Field Seed Price List; also Seed Catalog 
mailed free. 
The Henry Philipps Seed and Implement Co., 
115-117 St. Clair Street, Toledo, Ohio. 
SEED SIS. FREE 
To g«t Daw onatoDiera to taat my Seeds, I will mail my 1901 
eatalogua, filled with more Itart-alns than everaod a 10c Vue 
Bill good for lOo worth or Seeds for trial sbaolutety 
free. All the Best Seeds, Bulbs, Plants, Koses, Farm 
Seeds, Potatoes sud many Novelties at loweit pricea. 
Ginseng, the great monry making plant. Giant I’rlse To* 
matoes, 2tathe foot, Pun American Outa, eentoutfree to 
farmeie, and two Free Passes to Pan American Expo* 
sitlon, Buffalo, N. Y. are offered. C2,635.00 n caeh prrmiuma. 
DonH glee your order Dntll you aee thie new catalogne. You*!! 
be Surprised at my bargain offera. Send poeta jfor catalogne 
to-day. It Is FB KE to all. Tell; Four friends to send too. 
F. B. HILLS, Box TO, Kosehlll, «nond8gsC«.,N. Y, 
^TAtOGOy 
Farmer 
and Gardener 
Both uphold our seeds because they’re 
sure of getting exactly what they pay 
for. Our three guarantees make 
Gregory Seeds 
as sure an investment as government 
bonds. Write for new catalogue. Free. 
J. J. II. CIIIEGOIIY & son, 
Marblehead, Mass. 
Large Hay Crops. 
Tools Used by Geo. M. Clark. 
Clark’s Double-Action 
Cutaway Harrow will 
easily move 1.5,000 tons 
of earth 1 foot in a day 
Clark’s All-Steel 
Cutaway Harrow,/ 
made in 24 sizes. 
Clark’s Single-Action Cut¬ 
away Harrow, made in 54 
sizes, from .3 to 10 ft. wide. 
(dark’s 24-inch T o r r e n t 
Sulky IMow, made in 12 
sizes, from 2 to <S feet wide. 
Clark’s 8-foot i.eveling and 
.Smoothing Harrow. With 
it the surface can be made 
as true as a millpond. 
Clark’s Sulky Disk Plow. 
The 31-inch Plow turns a 
furrow 4 to 11 inches deep 
by 16 to 19 inches wide. 
J. H. Hale’s Favorite Orchard Tools. 
Clark’s California Sr. 
Drehard 1 o w and 
Harrow. l*lows a fur¬ 
row 3 feet wide 0 feet 
to the right of the pole 
Clark’s Exten¬ 
sion A/0 Cutaway^ 
Harrow, made in 12^ 
.sizes, by the 
Cutaway Harrow Company, 
OF higganum. conn., u. s. a. 
raf Send for Circulars. 
Kentucky Blue Grass Seed 
FOJFL 1SI.A.X.J3E:. 
2U0 bushels and upwards. 50 cents. 
100 bushels and upwards, 55 cents. 
25 to 50 bushels, 65 cents.—On cars Paris. Ky. 
The way to sow It Is In the rough. Now Is the time 
to sow. B. F.8K1LLMAN. 
North Middletown, Ky, 
The Best Potato Catalogue Issued 
Send for It. It’s free. All the leading varieties. 
Established 1875. S. J. CONNELLY, Fishers, N. Y. 
PLUM TREES-SR PER 100. 
All kinds of Trees and Plants at Wholesale Prices. 
Cat. free. Reliance Nursery, B. 10, Geneva, N. Y. 
BERRY RASKETS. 
wire-stapled Berry Baskets 
are the best in the market, 
being uniform In size and un- 
euualed in strength. 
PRICE, Hula FOR 6 M. 
Special Price on Car Lots. 
Write for Descriptive Catalog. 
WEBSTER BASKET CO., 
Monroe Co. (Lock Box 43). 
WEBSTER, N. Y. 
All for 10 cts. 
To gai n your conH lence and trade. 
New Deep Blood Beauty Beet fO.lO 
New Pride of Market Carrot., .10 
New Lucious Favorite Water 
Melon.10 
New Century Tomato.10 
New Farmers Pride Lettuce. .10 
New Extra Early Success 
Tomato.10 
Ruby King Radish, matures in 
14 days.10 
New Improved, Curled Long 
Standing Spinach.10 
New ProllUc Pickling Cucum¬ 
bers . 10 
New Australian Brown Onion .10 
New White W'onder Cab¬ 
bage .25 
Total.$1.25 
Send us 10c., we will mail yon the above 
$1.25 all New Century Seed and onrbandsome 
Illustrated Catalogue FREE. We can make you 
low prices on Extra Choice Maine Grown 
Seed Potatoes, and f'liolce Reoleaned 
Red Clover. Timothy, Orchard Grass, Ken¬ 
tucky Blue, Red Top, Cow Peas, Onion Sets. 
J. BOLCIANO &. SON, 
Estab. 1818. Dept. R 2, Baltimore, Md. I 
Clover Seed. — New, Ohio-grown. 
Perfectly clean. Lowest prices. Send for samples 
and order for yourself and neighbors, thereby saving 
freight. The Geo. M. Wilber Co., Marysville, Ohio. 
For Sale 
AboutSOObushels Extra Choice Early 
and scab. For prices etc., address 
J. D. MILTON, Seneca, Ont. Co., N. Y. 
For Sale 
$5 per bu 
bu.; 600 bu. Crimson Clover Seed ® 
2,000 bu. <3ow I’eas @ $1.25 to $1.76 per bu. 
J. R. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
C AULIFLOWER SEED 
High grade Danish seed by mall, direct from the 
grower In Denmark, to your address, postpaid. 
Danish Rnowhall, oz. 50c I oz. $1.60 lib. $18.00 
Dwarf Erfurt. }ioz.6bc loz. $1.86 lib. $22.00 
KARLKOLLE, 840 E. Fullerton Av. Ohlrago, Ill. 
Best Fruit and Ornamental Trees, 
Grape Vines, Seeds. Bulbs and Roses. Catalogue 
free. WILLIAM O. SNYDER, Mlnersvllle, Pa. 
THE THREE BEST BERRIES. 
Mersereau lilackberry. Large, ironclad hard¬ 
iness, prollHc, early, luscious. King: Raspberry. 
Very early, largest and brightest crimson. Lester 
I ovett. Latest, most beautiful and most profitable 
strawberry. Illustrated and fully described In my 
Spring Catalogue. Also many other choice new 
and all the jfixxl old varieties of StrawberrUi, 
Haspberries, Jilackberries, Grapes, Currants, Goose¬ 
berries, Apples, Peaches, Pears, Plums, Cherries. 
Quinces, Nuts. etc. 
Mailed free to all applicants. 
J. T. LOVETT, Little Silver, N. J. 
nATJTni?(I~Grown especially for SEED, 14 varle- 
lUlnlV/CiO early and late. Prices right. List 
free. GEO. H. COLVIN, Box 57, Dalton, Pa. 
For Salk—A bout 400 bushels extra 
choice Early Rose, Bovee, Maule's Thoroughbred, 
and Carman No. 3. Price, $3 for 4-bu8hel barrel. 
E. F. garland. Berrien Springs, Mich. 
Seed Potatoes—Carman No. 1, the best 
all-around potato in cultivation. Guaranteed free 
from scab and true to name; 60 cents per bushel. 
W. F. CRAIG, Sligo, Pa. 
A T? IWYTT*!? choice standard varieties. 
" j{alelgh. Giant, E. Harvest, 
E. Cobbler, Commercial. Tuber free 'remit only 
postage). White Star Oats, tested, with 10 varieties; 
sample and descriptive list free, and 5c, packet seed 
free. Save $1 per bbl. 4 varieties of fowls. SMITH 
POTATO B'ARM, Box B, Manchester. N. Y. 
SEED 
POTATOES 
Grown by us in Maine. 
HENRY ELWELL & CO., 
310 Washington Street,o Now York. 
Mention this paper. 
SWEET POTATO SEED. 
VINELESS BUSH. 
The Great Vinehss Yellow Sweet Potato. 
Jersey Yellow. No. 1 Seed. $2.50 per 3 bushel barrel. 
Also Jersey Red, General Grant, and other 
varieties that grow well In New York. Pennsylvania, 
Massachusetts and other Norihetn states. Send for 
circular at once. , „ 
F. S. NEWCOMB, Vineland, N J. 
-AE’PLE, PEAR and PLUM, 3 to 5 feet high. 
„ , , aww HEALTHY and TRUE TO NAME. Best varieties. 
We sell all kinds of trees and plants at lowest Wholesale prices. Don’t buy 
until you get our Catalogue, which Is free, or send list of wants for specia 
price. Address RELIANCE NURSERY, Box 10. Geneva, N. Y. 
$7 PER 100 
Rough Kider Strawberg 
Best sliipper, best keeper, best seller, latest and most 
productive strawberry in existence. 811.50 from 2J4 ac^es 
in ]9(X). Was sliipped to EnKlaiidsucces-sfully. We olter 
825 in Rold for largest berry produced in 1002. Agents 
wiinted in all strawberry sections. We control the orig¬ 
inator’s plants. Buy at headquarters and get genuine 
plants. Catalogue free. _ 
L. J. FARMER, Introducer, B-x 20, PULASKI. OSWRfiO CO , N.Y. 
ir*lrst-01a,jsjs Troos a-t I*rio©s»- 
In addition to a good assortment of all kinds of Nursery Stock, 1 am pleased to quote as 
Klefler extra % to 1 inch.$20 per 100 I Plum, extra, 94 to 1 Inch.$1& pei {[" 
Sr’extra 94 to 1 inch ;.*15'perl00 | Peach, extra. 4 to 6 feet......$5 per 100 
Asparagus Boots, 2-yei^, $^50 per 1,000. Heim for my 1901 (^UU>gti^ 
C. A. BENNETT, Proprietor of the Robbinsville Nurseries, ROBBINSVILLL, N.^* 
jEBB/mii ills muTOia & emly ibem 
•^5 ALWAYS EARLIEST a BEST * 
THE GEORGE WBcIERRARP QO. CARIBOU,ME- 
