3i8 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 27 
Live Stock and Dairy 
THE BREEDER'S WAYSIDE. 
Breed of Cows for a Dairy. 
What cows can I buy for a dairy to get 
best results? I have Jerseys and live near 
a town of 6,000 population; have 12 acres of 
land; great demand for milk. Would you 
advise Holstelns or Short-horns? 
Waynesboro, Pa. G. h. h. 
No more satisfactory breed of cows 
exists for supplying consumers with 
milk, than the Jersey. The milk is rated 
as strictly high class, when drawn from 
healthy cows, and Jersey milk is sold to 
the most particular trade in America. 
That from the consumer’s standpoint. 
Now from the producer’s standpoint, as 
to whether it will pay to keep one breed 
or another, depends mainly on the indi¬ 
vidual merit of the cows kept. The 
writer keeps Jerseys. Then by all 
means I should say, stick to your breed, 
get better cows if you can, and make a 
success of them. If you cannot succeed 
with Jerseys, then something is wrong 
with your method or management, for 
there are plenty of men maintaining 
Jersey herds and selling milk in towns 
who are succeeding in the business. If 
you can’t make Jerseys go, then how do 
you know you can succeed with the oth¬ 
er breeds? Your cows at four years old 
should be able to produce at least 5,000 
pounds of milk a year, if you have good 
ones. Weigh the milk yield of each cow 
each milking, using a spring balance, 
and keep a record of the same. Then 
weed out the unprofitable milkers. When 
you buy, be sure that you get cows that 
are first-class milkers and from superior 
ancestry. Then the breed matter will 
settle itself. 
The above is not intended as a spe¬ 
cial plea in behalf of the Jersey, but 
rather to stick to a breed already adopt¬ 
ed. But to go further. Short-horn milk 
is popular for town consumption, and 
the better class of Holstein milk also is, 
although there are too many cows of 
this breed that produce low-grade milk, 
to make it the best sort for a particular 
class of customers, unless cows giving 
milk containing at least 3% per cent fat 
are selected. A commendable effort is 
being made by Holstein breeders to pro¬ 
duce strains yielding high-grade milk, 
and these cows will do for city trade. 
As a rule, however, the Holstein serves 
a better purpose as a producer of milk 
for creameries and butter making. The 
Short-horn usually will not produce 
milk as economically as either Jersey or 
Holstein, while the latter ranks as the 
greatest milk-producing breed in the 
world. Generally speaking, no matter 
what the breed, the cow which produces 
the greatest amount of milk in a day 
yields relatively speaking the milk poor¬ 
est in butter fat. The Jersey that yields 
10 pounds of milk ordinarily makes a 
milk richer in fat than the one yielding 
35 pounds. People as a rule prefer milk 
rich in fat, for drinking or to skim for 
cream; consequently Jersey milk will 
supply this requirement better than 
Short-horn or Holstein. So this is an¬ 
other reason for adhering to the Jersey 
for this special phase of dairying. 
If it is desired to keep some Jerseys 
and also some Holsteins, and mix the 
richer with the poorer milk, and so in¬ 
crease the quantity, and still reduce the 
quality, the scheme will work. Still, 1 
assume that what is wanted is profit. 
The question arises, which will produce 
100 pounds of milk cheaper, 1,000 
pounds of Jersey or 1,000 pounds of 
some other breed? That point all de¬ 
pends on the individuality of the cow or 
cows, ic is not necessarily a breed ques¬ 
tion entirely. The dairy breeds, to be 
sure, will produce this more economical¬ 
ly than the beef breeds. The competi¬ 
tion is closer among the purely dairy 
types. Yet on the basis of my knowl¬ 
edge of the subject, I do not hesitate to 
recommend the Jersey as a breed cap¬ 
able of yielding a very high-grade milk 
at as low a cost of production per pound 
as any dairy breed we have. 
Concerning this, the question has 
been asked me: “Where the milk from 
various cows is mixed together, can we 
really guarantee it to be uniform, or will 
some customers get less fat than oth¬ 
ers?’’ This will depend upon condi¬ 
tions. If the milk from 50 cows, of sev¬ 
eral breeds, was thoroughly mixed to¬ 
gether before distribution, it would no 
doubt be uniform in quality if bottled 
or dipped out from the can with long- 
handled dipper. However, if one had 
only half a dozen or so cows, represent¬ 
ing two or three breeds, with extremes 
in quality, this milk might easily vary 
in quality if two of these cows should 
go dry for a time, or fall off greatly in 
milk yield. The greater the number of 
mixed cows kept, the less the variation. 
The writer believes that the live-stock 
interests of America will be more bene¬ 
fited by purity of breeding than by im¬ 
purity. Therefore he advocates one 
breed for a purpose and fixed stand¬ 
ards. c. S. PLUMB. 
Short-horn and Aberdeen-Angus Cross 
A man in West Virginia says he has 
obtained an excellent general-purpose 
cow by crossing Short-horn of good 
milking strain with an Aberdeen Angus, 
and my opinion is solicited on such a 
cross. This is what may be regarded as 
a harmonious cross, two beef breeds, of 
large type, being mated. Such a cross 
would naturally produce a better beef 
than dairy animal. The Angus is not 
regarded as the equal of the dairy Short¬ 
horn in milk production, but in this in¬ 
stance, fair milking blood may have 
been mated, and for the first generation 
satisfactory results have been secured. 
With the second generation uncertainty 
and trouble come in. I can see no ad¬ 
vantage in crossing these two breeds, 
unless we view it from the standpoint 
of improvement through one individual, 
that is, not a good representative of the 
breed, by mating it with a better one of 
another breed. Fine typical Short-horns 
or Angus cattle would better be kept 
purebred or high grade. I certainly fail 
to see how Angus blood can improve a 
Short-horn of dairy type, that is, of high 
individual merit. In fact, Angus blood 
would ordinarily tend to the production 
of a type of animal away from rather 
than toward the general-purpose idea. 
C. 8. PLUMB. 
Dishorning Jerseys.— Would you advise 
dishorning Jersey calves intended for 
stock? How would you do it? J. e. d. 
Yes, for practical purposes in the dairy 
we think dishorning is desirable. The loss 
of the horns might injure the sale of pure¬ 
bred animals, but they have no value on 
dairy cows. The whole process was ex- 
plained April 13, page 277. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
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Most Successful 
Th 
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V eterinary| 
Department. 
BAILED FREKI 
if you answerl 
L —^- - 4 queationsu | 
,Ut—Did you ever use ‘‘International StoCK 
lEood” for Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, Colts, I 
I Calves, Lambs or Pigs? 2nd—Is it for sale iii| 
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NEWTON’S ForHeayes 
CURE. Use ?1 size. 
For Distemper, Cougli, Worm 
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A good Garden Barrow. Full size, strong and 
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Ellwood Steel Wire Fences 
Six styles—18 to 58 inches-best steel wires, 
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Sold by local agents. If no agent in yonr 
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American Steel & Wire Co., Chicago or New York. 
HORSE-HIGH! 
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with our DuplexAutomatlo 
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20 to 30c. per rod 
We sell Ornamental Fence 
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direct to the farmer at whole- 
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KITSELMAN BROS. , 
Box D 92. Muncie. ind. 
Breeders’ Directory 
Two Red Poll Bull Calves, Spring 0.1. C. 
Boar Pigs, and a few Barred Rock Cockerels for 
sale. E. 3. ADAMS, Adams Basin, N. Y. 
DCf2 nilCDMQ C YQ-6 cows in mllk; 1 Heifer, 
nuUi uUunliOLlO soon due; 5 Heifers, bred; 
2 Heifers, 6 and 8 months old; 2 Bull Calves, 4 and 6 
months old. A. J. SNYDER, Plnmsteadville, Pa.i 
HIGH-CLASS 
Registered Jersey Cattle. 
ROBT. F. SHANNON, Pittsburg, Pa. 
rnD Cl I C— thoroughbred HOLSTEIN 
rUlf OALC BULL CALVES. Well marked 
and of best breeding Will oe sold at farmers prices. 
Write at onoe. W. W. CHENEY, Manlins, N. Y. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull 
ready for service, and a fine lot of Bull Calves. Best 
of breeding, and from deep producing families. 
C. K. RECORD. Peterboro, N. Y. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene N. 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Rambouillet Sheep; Poland-Chlna, Jersey Bed and 
Suffolk Pigs. Land and Water Fowls. Hens' 
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ISO DeHhursf Holsteins 
for sale, Including young Cows, Heifers and a 
neat lot of BULL CALVES—several now ready 
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7F 
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Chester Pigs 
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I Will INSURE HOGS 
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testimonials free. 
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