t 
372 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
May 25 
Van Deman’s Fruit Notes. 
ALL SORTS OF QUESTIONS ANSWERED. 
Catawba Grape. 
J. J. M., Monsey, N. 7.—I thought of set¬ 
ting out a few Catawba grapevines, but I 
do not see them listed in any of the cata¬ 
logues I have. What is the matter with 
them? Will not Catawba grow in this 
section? 
Ans.' —The Catawba is a most excel¬ 
lent grape, and does very well in most 
sections when sprayed with Bordeaux 
Mixture to keep down mildew and black 
rot. The liability to these diseases is 
the principal objection to this grape, and 
this is probably the bottom cause of the 
scarcity of the plants in the nurseries. 
Spraying Peaches for Rot. 
O. 8. E., Ennis, Tcj".—B ast season all of 
my late peaches—those ripening in Sep¬ 
tember and October—rotted on the trees 
before ripening. Can you give me a remedy 
to prevent it in the future? I have al¬ 
ready sprayed them three times this 
Spring wdth Bordeaux Mixture. They are 
now as large as the end of one’s little 
finger. 
Ans. —Bordeaux Mixture is the proper 
preventive to use for Peach rot, and if 
one or two more applications are used 
before the fruit is ready to color it is not 
likely that there will be any trouble 
from the same cause as last year, even 
if the climatic conditions are the same. 
Winter Apples for Kentucky. 
J. TT. McD., Warsntc, Ky.—l wish to plant 
some Winter apples. What would you 
suggest as desirable for this section? 
Would Stayman do well here? 1 am lo¬ 
cated on the Ohio River bottom, between 
Louisville. Ky., and Cincinnati, O. 
Ans. —In my opinion Stayman would 
be one of the best apples that could be 
planted in Kentucky. It is a seedling of 
Winesap, which has long been one of the 
most successful varieties for that region, 
and Stayman is giving promise of being 
even better. York Imperial is another 
good one. Both will succeed on the bot¬ 
tom lands mentioned, although they do 
somewhat better on uplands, where the 
soil is good. 
Rabbits Attacking Young Trees. 
M. E. 8., Bendersville, Pa.—l have a young 
apple orchard of about 5,500 trees, about 
half of which I treated to a solution of 
whale-oil soap, (two pounds to the gallon 
of water). Since using the soap the rab¬ 
bits have been working on them. Is there 
any application I can use that will stop 
their depredations and not injure the trees? 
Ans. —I have tried a great many kinds 
of washes to prevent rabbits from gnaw¬ 
ing the bark from apple and other trees, 
and all I know of that are really effec¬ 
tive are also injurious. In some cases 
the milder and harmless ones were ef¬ 
fective, except when the snow covered 
about all that the rabbits liked to eat 
except the trees, and then they would 
eat regardless of the coating over the 
bark. Wrapping is the only safe way 
that is sure. 
Grafting Cherries. 
E. M., Danbury. Conn .—In your issue of 
March 16 I notice article on grafting black 
cherries. You say "avoid splitting the 
central pith.” I take it to be that you 
must not split through the center of the 
stock, but one side of it. Am I correct? 
I can graft almost anything successfully 
but cherries, which with me have been a 
total failure. I have never had any suc¬ 
cess in budding. Will you explain how it 
is done, how the buds should be prepared 
for Insertion, and when is the best time 
to do it? 
Ans. —I have noticed that some graft¬ 
ers advise splitting to one side of the 
center of the stock instead of through 
the center, but I have never noticed this 
to be an important point, for I have had 
very good success in both ways with the 
cherry as well as with other fruits. It 
is possible that one cause of the failure 
mentioned Is that the grafting has not 
been done early enough. The best suc¬ 
cess seems to be with very early graft¬ 
ing, when there is not the slightest sign 
of the buds starting. Budding is done 
by cutting a slit in the bark of a young 
stock, such as one that is not larger 
than one’s finger nor smaller than a lead 
pencil, and then making a cross cut at 
the top, and into this opening in the 
bark slip the bud. The bud is cut from 
a scion of the present year’s growth, by 
taking a piece of bark about an inch 
long with the bud in the middle of it. I 
usually leave the little particle of wood 
attached to the bark that comes off with 
it. When slipped well into place the 
bark is tied firmly down upon the bud 
with some such bandage as raffia or 
strips 01 old muslin, or even cotton 
strings The inner corn shucks make 
very good bandages when they are long 
enough, by tearing them into strips 
about a half-inch wide. The best time 
to bud is in August or the early part of 
September. 
Spraying for Codling Moth. 
C. L. /’., Boulder, Col.—Can you tell some¬ 
thing of experiments in the West with 
spraying throughout the season for the 
Codling moth? I would like information 
as to practice and results. 
Ans.— Codling moth is an abundant 
and serious pest all over the country, 
and seems to be worse in the Far West¬ 
ern than in the Eastern States. The dry¬ 
ness of the climate is supposed to be 
very favorable to its propagation, for 
there are at least three broods there 
each year. The remedy is thorough 
spraying with the arsenical mixtures. 
Paris-green is effective, but there are 
preparations of white arsenic that are 
both cheaper and more effective. One of 
them is made by boiling together for 15 
minutes in one gallon of water one 
pound of white arsenic and two pounds 
of sal soda. One quart of this is suffi¬ 
cient for 50 gallons of water. It is neces¬ 
sary to add two pounds of lime to each 
50 gallons of the poisoned water in case 
Bordeaux Mixture is not used instead of 
water, because of the caustic effect of 
the arsenic without the lime being added. 
Apples for New York; Pasturing in Sprayed 
Orchard. 
R. E. B., Pleasant Valley, E. T.—1. What 
varieties of apnles would be best to plant 
lor a commercial orchard? I am situated 
about 80 miles from New York. How 
would the Baldwin, R. I. Greening, Rome 
Beauty and Northern Spy do, with Wag- 
ener for a filler? 2. Is it dangerous for 
tattle to eat hay from an orchard sprayed 
with Bordeaux and Paris-green? Would 
pigs running in a sprayed orchard be in¬ 
jured by eating grass? 
Ans. —1. The first four varieties men¬ 
tioned would be very good for the Hud¬ 
son River Valley, and no better selec¬ 
tion could be made for a filler than 
Wagener. This list can hardly be im¬ 
proved upon for that section. 2. No, 
there is no danger from all the poison 
that is likely to fall upon clover or grass 
in a sprayed orchard and afterwards 
eaten by cattle. This point has been 
tested at least once in Michigan by pur¬ 
posely feeding grass that was so sprayed 
to a horse, and with no bad results. 
Chemical analysis proved that it would 
require the poison on over 1,000 pounds 
of such grass to kill a horse or cow. Pigs 
would not be injured by eating grass in 
a sprayed orchard. They are not so easy 
to poison as cattle and horses. 
Pears for Illinois. 
H. M., Morton, III .—What six varieties of 
pears would you advise setting here? I 
w’ould like two varieties of early pears, 
two for Fall use and two for Winter. The 
soil here is a deep black loam, and is not 
as w'ell drained as it should be. All of the 
pears we ever set out died with the blight 
except Kieffer. Will too wet ground cause 
blight? What do you know of the Sudduth 
pear? Is it blight-proof as claimed? Has 
it been thoroughly tested yet? One nur¬ 
seryman near here claims to control the 
sale of it, and he sells it for ?2 per tree. I 
see the claim Is made by a nurseryman 
here that the Lincoln pear and the Lincoln 
Ccreless ai’e two varieties, and that the 
Lincoln Coreless is a worthless variety. 
Ls this true? 
Ans.—I t is presumed that the writer 
intends to plant pears for commercial 
purposes, and if so the list would be 
somewhat different from one for home 
use. Of the very early kinds. Wilder 
Early and Tyson are perhaps the best, 
although early pears of any kind are 
usually not very profitable. Bartlett is 
the most profitable of Fall pears, or for 
that matter of those of any season. Its 
main fault is liability to blight, but it 
is no worse than many kinds of less 
value in other respects. Sheldon is an¬ 
other excellent variety. Of the Winter 
kinds of good quality, Lawrence is the 
best, but there is perhaps more profit in 
Kieffer than in any other pear, although 
it is exceedingly poor in quality; except 
when ripened under certain peculiar con¬ 
ditions, when it is of fair quality. The 
Sudduth is a new variety that has been 
tested but little outside of Illinois. It 
is reported to be very productive at an 
early age, and that the tree is compara¬ 
tively free from blight. The quality is 
only fair, and the appearance is not very 
attractive, being green in color and 
without a blush. The fiesh is rather soft 
when it ripens, and I fear it would not 
be a good shipper. It may be well to 
try a tree or two of it, but it certainly 
would be unwise to plant of it more than 
for testing, until we know more about 
it, and I should not want to pay a big 
price for the trees even for that purpose. 
The Lincoln pear is a comparatively new 
variety and is only fair in quality and 
scarcely worthy of more than a trial; 
but the Lincoln Coreless, which is an 
entirely different pear, is absolutely 
worthless. 
AEMSTKONG & McKELVT 
Pittsburgh. 
BEYMER-BAUMAN 
Pittsburgh. 
DAVIS -CHAMBERS 
Pittsburgh. 
FAHNESTOCK 
Pittsburgh. 
ANCHOR 
ECKSTEIN 
ATLANTIC 
BRADLEY 
BROOKLYN 
JEWETT 
TTLSTER 
DNION 
BOtTTHERN 
SHIPMAN 
COLLIER 
MISSOURI 
RED SEAL 
SOUTHERN 
Cincinnati. 
New York. 
Chicago. 
>St. Louis, 
JOHN T. LEWIS & BROS CO 
riiiladetphia. 
MORLEY 
Cleveland. 
BALEM 
Salem, Mass. 
CORNELL 
Buffalo. 
KENTUCKY 
I^oulsville. 
N PAINTING barn or house it is well to 
remember tliat Pure White Lead never 
_ cracks or peels, but wears away very 
slowly and gradually, perfectly protecting the wood 
from decay so long as a vestige of the paint re¬ 
mains upon the surface. 
In repainting a building, if Pure White Lead 
is used in the first instance, no dangerous gaso¬ 
lene paint burner is required to put the surface 
in good condition for a new coat. 
The brands of Pure White Lead manufactured 
by the National Lead Company, named in margin, 
are made by the “ o/d Dutch process" of slow cor¬ 
rosion and arc the best White Lead that it is pos¬ 
sible to manufacture. 
For any color or shade required, use NATIONAL LEAD COM¬ 
PANY’S Pure White Lead Tinting Colors. Pamphlet sent free 
upon application. 
National Lead Co., lOO William Street, New York. 
ASriDlWALL 
4~ROW SrRA YER 
THE ASEINWALL LINE 
OF 
POTATO MACHINERY 
CONSISTS OF 
WE ALSO MAKE 
Lawn Swings 
Post Hole Augers 
Barrel Churns 
Green Pea Shellers 
BTC., Etc. 
Write for our New Catalogue and 
Special Prices. Address Dept.K, 
CUTTERS 
PLANTERS 
WEEDERS 
4-ROW SPRAYERS 
DICRERS 
SORTERS 
Twenty-five to 30 acres per day. 
I BEST SPKAVEU ON THE MARKET. 
jA.m:E^T.T<rSJ%7’A.lLMlLM IWXFGr. oo., 
JACKSON, MICH. 
I 
„ LARGEST* MOST COMPLETE LINE' 
iGUTTERS,CARRIERS&POWERS.| 
S TWENTT SIZES. COMMON OR SELF FEED. WIND ORJI 
J CHAIN ELEVATORS.SWEEPTREAD&STEAMPOWERS.^' 
g CATALOGUE & SILO SENSE BOOKLET FREE ftj 
1 SMALLEY M’F’G.CO. MANITOWOC, WlS.^fl 
BUDS IN SEASON 
Peach, Apple, Pear and Plum. Write for 
prices, giving quantity wanted. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Box ’29, Berlin, Md. 
SUCCEED WHERE 
Largest Nursery. OTHERS FAIL. 
Fruit Book Fret. Result of 76 years’ experience. 
Headquarters 
for the October Purple Plum and 
Green Mountain Grape. The largest 
New England nursery. .500 acres. Strong 
stock of all fruits, ornamental trees and 
shrubs. Catalogue free. 
STEPHEN HOYT'S SONS, New Canaan, Conn. 
PENSEIL STRAWBERRIES 
this year. Send for Circular and Supplement, What 
the Growers Say, to JOHN W. PENNELL, 
South Norwalk, Conn., Rural Del. 37. 
School of Practical Agriculture 
and Horticulture. 
Two years course In Gardening, Fruit Culture. 
Greenhouse Work, Poultry and General Agriculture. 
Begins September. For particulars address 
GEO. T. POWELL, Director, 
Brlarclltl Manor. N. Y. 
EARLY BEETS 
constitute an exceedingly 
profitable crop when grown 
rapidly and shipped early to 
the Eastern markets. Best re¬ 
sults are secured by the liberal use of 
Nitrate of Sotia, 
which forces them to early maturity 
and produces beets of a superior 
quality. Send for our free 
pamphlets and Itai of dealerm 
in Nitrate of Soda to John A, 
Myers, 12-0 John Street, 
New York City, N, Y. 
Sweet Potato and Tomato Plants. Price¬ 
list free. CALEB BOGGS & SON, Cheswold. Del. 
Early Tomato and Celery Plants Kng‘^ 
set. write Frank Shearer & Son. Binghamton, 
N. Y., for prices on stocky transplanted plants. 
riUM&N Q 11.90 barrel. Quick shipments. 30 
VnUiUaU UU, Ogtandardvar. BannerField Beans, 
Dent Field Corn. 26 B. P.R. Eggs, (1.50; for exhibition, 
$2.50. 8. J. Smith’s Potato Farm, Manchester, N. T. 
jaATIVE EVERGREENS.- Balsam Fir, Arbor 
’ Vitae, White Pine, American Spruce and Hem¬ 
lock, 6 to 12 Inches, at F4 per 1,000 ; 5,000 for $15. 
Packing free. Also, transplanted Evergreens at 
lowest prices. Mrs. James A. Root, Skaneateles, N.Y. 
NEW CRIMSON CLOVER SEED 
My own growing. Ready July 1. Orders bcoked 
now. Sample and price sent for approval before 
shipment. Cow Peas. Soja Beans. Circular free. 
E. G. PACKARD, Seedsman, Dover, Del. 
Imes* (CARMAN No. 3. 
Blight - Proof) To prove superiority of our 
Slnnd ) Seed Potatoes, yreo1Ier2,000bn. 
1901 Catalogue, ree, ( The W. E. Imes Seed Co., 
gives particulars ( Smith, Mich 
Clover Seed @ $6 to 17 per 
■ Ul wHv hn.; 600 bn. Crimson Clover Seed O 
16 per bn. I 1,000 bn. Cow Peas d 11.26 to 11.76 per bn. 
J. K. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
CLOVER 
In sowing this valuable clover it Is im¬ 
portant that American seed is used. We 
supply genuine Delaware seed only. Ovr 
special circular describing uses of Crimson 
HENRY A. DREER, 714 Chestnut $t., Philadelphia, Pa. 
