398 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
June 1 
Live Stock and Dairy 
DAIRY AMD FARM ROTES. 
Tenant System and Dairy Farms. 
Renting the Home Farm. —The ten¬ 
ant or renting question interests me 
much. We have tried it, and have one 
farm rented at the present time. Farms 
cannot all be worked by their owners. 
After a man and his wife have paid for 
the farm and raised a family they feel 
it is time to rest. This is right if some 
younger member of the family would as¬ 
sume command. But here is the rub. 
The parents, feeling keenly the neces¬ 
sity of hard work and economy in order 
to make payments and a living, worked 
early and late; went without many lit¬ 
tle comforts of life that the neighbors 
enjoyed, or thought they did. Their 
ambition was keyed up with a deter¬ 
mination to win, and they did. After 
the battle was over the excitement was 
gone, and they justly decided not to en¬ 
ter another race that they might not be 
able to finish. How easy it is to see that 
the young people, not imbued with that 
same ambition, and having been brought 
up under a sacrifice, or in other words 
having seen what it costs to win, say to 
themselves: “I guess not; I don’t pro¬ 
pose to tie myself to a cow all of my life 
as my parents have done. I’m going to 
do something easier!” The parents, 
feeling thie cost of their farm and home 
in hard work and sacrifice, are Inclined 
to let the children go where they will, 
not requiring them to work so hard, and 
they are soon away, with a boast from 
l^'ather and Mother that John or Mary 
has been very fortunate in securing a 
clerkship or some duty akin to it, and 
finally the old people are infiuenced to 
follow the children to town, and the 
farm is rented. In most Instances under 
my observation from this date begins 
the decadence of that farm. 
Success Through Hard Work. —The 
debatable point here is whether or not 
these people really did spend more vital 
force and energy, endured more hard¬ 
ships, or practiced more rigid economy 
than people who succeed In other fields 
of labor and activity? As we read the 
history of successful men and women, of 
it is all written the same story of self 
sacrifice, hard work. Indefatigable stick- 
to-itiveness and disregard of the eight- 
hour law. Any farmer boy who thinks 
his lot is undeservedly hard should read 
“The Making of an American,” by Jacob 
Riis, now running in the Outlook. Of 
course there is always a disposition to 
look at things from a selfish or partisan 
standpoint, but a judgment formed in 
my calmest and fairest moments has 
been that farmers who succeed as a 
whole had no more enemies to fight, 
battlements to scale or chasms to bridge 
than other people. The conclusion 
therefore of this young man with the 
moral support of his parents was drawn 
from a narrow conception of the world 
and things in it. He forgets that when 
ho leaves his home he must begin Just 
Where his parents did, at the foundation, 
while the boy who takes up the farm 
work of a sucsessful father really, all 
other things being equal, has one gen¬ 
eration the advantage. Tet ws all know 
how few succeed who do not in some 
way help to lay the foundation them¬ 
selves. It’s the fellow who does the 
thing, and net the fellow who talks 
about it, who knows. 
'Tice Riimno Ststbm.—O ur theorising 
about causes will not help oat a solu¬ 
tion of the renting system. At Wash- 
ingtonville. Orange Co., N. T., last Win¬ 
ter at the first session of the institute, 
Hon. C. P. Gtoedrlch, of WisooMin, was 
to give his valuable lecture on the dairy 
eow. The attendance was so small that 
Mr. Halleck, the local correspondent, 
very tritely remarked that it would be 
better for me to talk far a time, if the 
session must begin, than to waste Mr. 
Goodrich’s valuable address on so small 
a crowd. I fully appreciated personally 
the force of the observation, and under 
some embarrassment began to kill time 
and without previous thought drifted in¬ 
to a discussion of the renting system. 
Comparison cannot be made between 
renting and living upon a farm where 
a great portion of the work is done by 
the members of the family. A man who 
cannot make his farm profitable himself 
will never succeed in renting it, asking 
the farm to support two families instead 
of one. Comparisons must be made be¬ 
tween hiring the work all done at a fixed 
wage per month, and share or cash ren¬ 
tal. We find the greatest difliculty in 
renting is to keep fertility and general 
conditions improving without doing a 
good deal of work ourselves. A well- 
tilled and productive farm rented for a 
couple of years is much like renting a 
store full of goods and not requiring the 
inventory at the conclusion of the term 
equaling that at the beginning. There 
will be found a little less of everything 
—the tenant having taken the profit, and 
then one must work two years to get his 
stock reenforced. When men work by 
the month or year they fail to feel the 
necessity of frequently cutting the cor¬ 
ners and doing only the things that 
count, as a man will do who depends 
upon the income from the farm for his 
support and profit. I am speaking of a 
first-class tenant, and we have one of 
this sort, not the professional renter 
who stays one year and sometimes more, 
and then moves to new fields. He is 
remembered, often on the books of the 
local tradesmen. 
TifE Labor System. —In working, as 
we are doing, three farms by paid labor, 
we are able to give something like a 
personal supervision. We hire a fore¬ 
man and his wife, who have immediate 
cnarge; yet a personal every-day super¬ 
vision is possible. Our balance sheet 
does not materially differ under the 
two systems so far as cash returns and 
expenses are recorded. But a final bal¬ 
ance is in favor of the labor system, be¬ 
cause improvements go hand in hand 
with everyday work, while a day of 
reckoning frequently comes on the ten¬ 
ant farm calling for the returns that at 
one time seemed all profit. If the owner 
is to reside in town, away from the 
farm, unable to throw his personal force 
into the work, he would better adopt 
the renting system. Then again, results 
will depend upon one’s ability to direct 
labor. I know of farmers who never get 
good men, and usually in their lifetime 
every man within 20 miles has worked 
for them. Other farmers always get 
good help. The discussion at this meet¬ 
ing followed along about the way I have 
written it. I gave them some figures 
made last year on a farm which had 
been rented until it paid no profit at all. 
The first year a profit of five per cent 
was obtained, and we grew double the 
stult formerly grown. The foreman, 
however, la an active hustling young 
man, who makes things go. W. H. Hal¬ 
leck, a thorough-going buslncM farmer, 
who owns and manages under the labor 
system 160 cows, practically subscribed 
to these points as I gave them, saying: 
"He could have things done as he want¬ 
ed them,” but this man knows how to 
handle labor. There la another phase 
to this subject. The owner, when he 
moves Into town. Is apt to become a 
kicker. He is out of his proper sphere. 
He is earning nothing, so of course feels 
the urgent need of economy, and knows 
no way more effectual than protesting 
against every improvement. If he goes 
into business at his age, and without 
mercantile training, failure is quite sure 
to follow in competition with old ex¬ 
perienced houses that enjoy the fun of 
squeezing him occasionally. 
In conclusion, let me urge the wisdom 
of living upon the farm. Invest the sur¬ 
plus in improvements, instead of a mort¬ 
gage upon another farm. Make it a 
home in the full sense of the term. It 
will be just as attractive as a village 
home, both for you and your family, 
who will be willing to stay there and 
work it. Take the boys into partner¬ 
ship. One-half the money required to 
start them in business will hold them to 
the farm, provided always they have an 
inclination and adaptability. This will 
be one way to solve this perplexed rent¬ 
ing question that is a bar to agricul¬ 
tural progress wherever it has been my 
opportunity to observe. h. e. cook. 
A Dunch of Beef. 
The picture (Fig. 158) shows a bunch 
of beef cattle in an Oklahoma pasture. 
These animals are “ripe”; that is, ready 
to be shipped east to the great slaughter¬ 
houses. They are all dishorned as most 
beef cattle are in these days. Bunched 
up against a barbed wire fence they cer¬ 
tainly form a picture of contentment. 
Oklahoma is becoming noted as a graz¬ 
ing and feeding country. The pastures 
are ample, and great quantities of corn. 
Alfalfa and Kaffir corn are produced for 
feeding. At present beef prices these 
crops sell well when packed into the car¬ 
cass of a well-bred steer. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-T. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page. 
Sore Shoulders 
sore neck, sore back, &c., result¬ 
ing from colliir.saddle or harness 
gall and chafing, and all forms 
of canker, callous, <S:c.. are in¬ 
stantly relived and cured with 
Tuttle’s Elixir. 
Used and endorsed by Adams 
Express Company 
Wolcott, Vt., July 15, 1899. 
two bunches on hU shoulder, 
caused by wearing a new collar. Irfss than one bottle of your Elixir 
cured It after six months’ standing. L. W. FISHER. 
Cures also curb, splint, oonf.nictedoord.all forms of 
lameness and colie, distemper, founder,pneuraonia,<tc. 
TUTTLE'S FAMILY ELIXIR cures rheumatism, sprains, 
bruises, etc. Kills pain Instantly. Our 100-])age book, 
“Veterinary Expeilence,” EKEE. 
Dr. S. A. TUTTLE, 30 Beverly Sf., Boston, Mass. 
Beware of so-called Elixirs—none genuine but Tuttle’s. 
Avoldall blisters; they offer only teniporaryrelief if any. 
Best Gall Cure on Earth 
Mailed anywhere for 60 cents. 
MOORE BROS., Veterinary Surgeons, Albany, N. Y 
Pr. S. A. Tuttle. 
Dear Sir:—I had a horse that had two bunches on 
This COW was not protected with 
Fly Killer Oil. Had she been, she 
would not have lost milk and flesh 
'' — amounting to $14. The other cow 
was protected earlier and continued to give 18 quarts 
dally through fly time. Thousands of farmers wiu 
testify to the merits of this oil. If your dealer does 
not keep It, send $1 for a Sprayer and enough r ly 
Killer Oil to protect 150 cows. Sole Manufacturers, 
1>. B. SAIITH * CO., Ctlca, M . X. 
. I WILL INSURE HOGS 
WHIN fEO MV REMEOV, 
WRIItfORTEBMS 
RfffRfNfE.aNVfaNa 
Sava Your Pigs! | 
Runts are Unprofitable; 
Dead Hoga a Total Leaa. 
DR. JOS. HAAS’ HOB REMEDY 
Is Guaranteed to prevent and arrest 
disease, stop cough, expel worms. 
Increase appetite and growth. 
Send $1.25 for trial package, postage paid. Cans 
$12.50 and $6.50: packages 50. State number, 
age, condition, food of hogs. Special adtiice fret. 
K years experience. ‘ ‘Hogology’ ’ pamphlet and 
testimonials free. 
JOS. HAAS, V. 8., Indianapolis, Ind. 
Breeders’ Directory 
For Sale—Two reg. Guernsey Bull Calves, about 6 
and 8 months old. A. CULBERTSON, Knox. Pa. 
Two Grandsons of Exile, sire of 86 
tested cows. Solid Color, one and three months old. 
Handsome. J. A. HERU, U. D. No. 4. Lancaster, Pa. 
HIGH-CLASS 
Registered Jersey Cattle. 
ROBT. F. SHANNON, Pittsburg, Pa. 
ElnnivAec RQI Untch Belted Cattle Association 
klCwliedd OOl Has bull calf sired by Belvldere 
A M M w S M A IO C D. B. C. A. Is due next month. 
AITIeriCa I JfO Bred to Belvldere 318. 
If yon want a Dutch Belted Calf, write to 
G. G. GIBBS, Vail, N. J. 
F or SALE—PUREBUKD HOLSTEIN-FUIESIANS. 
Two registered bulls ready for service; also a bar¬ 
gain In one bull calf dropped April 9. All of above 
from best families. W. W. CHENEY, Manlius. N.Y 
Holstein-Friesian Bull 
ready for service, and a fine lot of Bull Calves. Best 
of breeding, and from deep producing families. 
C. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y. 
F or SALEJ.jc-Thoroug'hbred 
HOL.STE1N-FKIE8IAN CATTI,E 
of the best families. Also, .30 high-bred Balls at 
reasonable prices. Write the MAPLES STOCK 
FARM, Binghamton, N. Y., Wm. Rood, Prop 
R egistered holstein Buiis and 
Heifers FOR SALE cheap. Bulls from fifteen 
to ten months old. Four heifers two years old 
this Summer. All handsome individuals. Sired by 
Dora Do Kol’s Count No. 23757. Dams finely bred. 
Inquire P. B. MCLENNAN, Syracuse, N. Y. 
150 Dellhurst Hoisfeins 
for sale, including young Cows, Heifers and a 
great lot of BULL CALVES—several now ready 
for service—sons of “DeKol’s Butter Boy”, and 
the famous ” Royal Paul ” out of advanced Re¬ 
gistry cows. Catalogue. 
DELLHURST FARM, Mentor, Ohio. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshirss 
and O. WMUi, Choice Pigs, 
8 weeks old, mated not akin. 
Bred Sows and Service Boars. 
Poultry. Write for hard timu 
prices and free olronlar. 
HAMILTON & CO., Bosenvlok, Cheiter Co., Pa. 
2000 
FKBBETS. Flrst-olass stock. Some 
Trained. New price-list free. 
N. A. KNAPP, Rochester, Lorain Co., O 
Collie Pops-^rSu; 
emales. Circulars. SILAS 
South Montrose, Pa. 
Scotch Collies for Sale 
Kroin litter sister to Sliep of Hope Farm. Sable and 
white. Frlcc»$I0. C. F, HAIGHT, Mlllbrook, N. Y 
7FNOIFIIIH Kills Lice, Ticks. Mites, Fleas, Etc> 
on ^ kindsot aniuisls and poultry^^Wen 
Intomslly it drives out worms. Cures all cuta, wounds, sores, eic. 
Nou-pokionous. Endorsed by leadlnsj veterinarians. “Veterinary Ad- 
sr’free. Zenner Disinfectant Co. 100 Bates 8U Detroit, ISleh* 
viser’ 
Mark. 
LUMP JAW 
Kzuiily and thoroughly enrod. 
New, common-Bense method. 
No -- 
lute cure of Lump Jaw, free to ‘ 
re^ersof thiepaper. 
KleBalna Bro.., ohemista ; 
Pateo mMkTard., Chius*, □!.. 
Yatorinary Pixina 
has come to the front. There is not to 
bo found in the materia medica a prep¬ 
aration of such penetrating, absorbing, 
soothing, antiseptic healing power. 
Seemingly incurable or aggravated 
chronic cases of scratches, grease heel, 
mud fever, old sores, inflammatory 
swellings and skin disease can be posi¬ 
tively and permanently cured. 
Money back if it fails. 
2 oz., 25c.; 8 oz., SOc.; 5-lb. pkge., $4. 
At all Druggists and Dealers, or sent prepaid 
TROY CHJBanCAli CO., Troy, N.Y. 
Cattle Comfort 
KEEPS CATTLE COMFORTABLE IN FLY TIME 
Sold by Merchants and the Seedsmen. 
Send for Pamphlet to 
Hammond’s Slug Shot, FishkiU-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
