1901 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
421 
Cracking the Butter Bowl. 
A. L. D., Southampton, N. F.—Will some¬ 
one tell me how to prevent a new butter 
bowl from cracking? Every one I pur¬ 
chase cracks, so that It is useless in a 
very short time. 
Ans. —Do not let the bowl entirely dry 
out. Keep it sweet and clean by steam¬ 
ing or thorough scalding, rather than 
by much sunlight. Wooden trays, or 
shallow tubs, can be used instead of the 
butter-bowl, and are just as cheap and 
easy to handle. j. a. f. 
The Slaughter of Tame Pigeons. 
E. P. P; Ohio.—You are too severe In 
criticising hunters and trap-shooters, 
i'ou are prejudiced. No one but a strict 
vegetarian can consistently condemn those 
who shoot or fish. Of course, at first 
glance, to deprive a bird or animal of life 
for sport seems cruel. But every one who 
eats meat or fish kills, or by buying en¬ 
courages another in killing for their en¬ 
joyment. The hunter or angler has double 
reason for his course, as he enjoys both 
the killing and eating of his game and 
fish. Many as tender-hearted, gentle, men 
and women as ever lived are fond of hunt¬ 
ing and fishing. They are great nature- 
lovers always. Our late Presidents, Har¬ 
rison and Cleveland, and, I believe, Mc¬ 
Kinley also, were and are lovers of shoot¬ 
ing and fishing. The Presbyterian and 
Methodist ministers in my town are ardent 
lovers of quail shooting. Many ministers 
are fond of angling. Even the Pounder of 
Christianity ‘‘went a fishing,” and it was 
not necessary, for He proved He couid 
create at wili as many loaves and fishes 
as were needed. If it were not for hunt¬ 
ers no farming could be done in this coun¬ 
try. Bear, deer, wolves and other ani¬ 
mals would still be numerous. Even now, 
if hunting were prohibited for 10 years, 
rabbits would be a serious menace, une 
pair breeding five times each Summer, 
with eight at a litter, making no ailowance 
for accidents wouid amount in six years 
to over 250,000,000. One pair of quaii mul¬ 
tiply as follows counting on an increase of 
H young to each pair per year; End of 
first year, 20; second, 200;, third, 2,000; 
fourth, 20,000; fifth, 200,000; sixth, 2,000,000; 
seventh, 20,000,000; eighth, 200,000,000; ninth, 
2,000,000,000; tenth, 20,000,000,000. 
Ans. —It was not the intention in the 
editorial referred to to condemn all 
hunting and fishing; but to show that, 
as some of these shooting matches are 
conducted, the effect must be most bru¬ 
talizing on all who witness or take part 
in them. We do our share of hunting 
and fishing as opportunity offers. The 
wild birds and animals in woodlands 
which hunters go over thoroughly every 
year, come to maturity, if they do at all, 
because of their watchfulness in keeping 
out of the hunter’s way. They have a 
constant training in looking out for 
for themselves; but how different it is 
with the tame pigeons or rabbits! Un¬ 
til let loose to be destroyed, they have 
been cared for by man, and have not 
had, like the wild ones, to hustle and 
scratch to save their lives. What rea¬ 
son have they to fear man as their 
enemy? All at once this is changed. 
They are let loose, frightened, and men 
taking advantage of their helplessness, 
murder them. If this is sport, then we 
have not understood the meaning of the 
word. It looks like treachery of the 
most brutal stamp, scarcely equaled in 
savage warfare. There may be sport in 
hunting the wolf, bear, wildcat or wild 
turkey, which can get out of the way or 
defend themselves if cornered, but it 
would look inconsistent to take this as 
an excuse for shooting faithful Towser, 
the house cat, the Jersey cow or the old 
gobbler for mere sport. Life may not 
be any sweeter to those domesticated 
animals than to the wild ones; but 
should it not be considered that we have 
taken them under our care, and thus re¬ 
moved from them the wild instinct given 
by the Creator as a protection, that they 
might have an equal chance for life with 
other beings? Man was made to have 
dominion over all things. The fish, fiesh 
and fowl are for his use, but it does not 
follow that he should misuse his powers 
or inflict needless cruelty on any of his 
subjects. We acknowledge the good 
work of the hunter and butcher in pro¬ 
viding food for us, and preventing the 
animal population from crowding us out. 
What we wish to protest against is the 
degrading brutality shown in some 
shooting matches, and no doubt E. P. R. 
holds the same opinion in regard to this 
phase of the matter. 
The Care of an Incubator. 
IT. 8. R., Youngstown, 0. —Too many of 
my chicks die in the shell in the incuba¬ 
tor. Could you give me any information 
to remedy it? We hatch in the celiar, a 
dry cellar, but always have plenty of 
moisture in the incubator; have the two- 
inch ventiiators in top of machine about 
one-half inch apart, and run it steady at 
103 degrees. My old chickens are all 
healthy but somewhat fat. What can I 
do? The egg shell seems to be tough. 
Ans. —Incubators, when running, need 
a great deal of sweet, fresh air, as it 
makes the chicks strong, with plenty of 
kick in them which the poor little things 
need for their final struggle. The room 
where they are should be well ventilated 
twice a day. The air becomes heavy 
very quickly where a kerosene oil lamp 
is burning, and the embryo chicks rapid¬ 
ly lose vitality when breathing it. They 
also need generous airing out. After 
the first week the egg chamber doors 
should be left open about five minutes 
at first, and the time gradualiy increas¬ 
ed, but never allowing the temperature 
to fall below 90 degrees. The cellar, if 
well ventilated, and the air fresh and 
sweet, is a good place for them; as the 
temperature is more even, and so they 
need less attention. The vaives on top 
of your machine sound as if your rig 
may be the Cyphers. This one has, 1 
think, the best ventilating and tempera¬ 
ture I’egulation of any machine on the 
market, but the valves should be kept 
closed during the hatch, unless your at¬ 
mosphere is especialiy humid. You 
speak of plenty of moisture in the ma¬ 
chine. Most manufacturers of incubators 
now advise running them dry till they 
are shut down on the eighteenth day, 
when either moisture is applied through 
sprinkling the floor of the room, pans of 
water set around on shelves, or the ves¬ 
sels supplied for that purpose in the egg 
chamber filled. I fill my Prairie State 
pans about half full when I shut down, 
and I sprinkle the floor about the Cy¬ 
phers and keep the atmosphere of the 
room damp from the time the eggs pip 
till the hatch is finished. The chicks 
slip out easy and are all right.. The 
eggs at first contain enough water in 
themselves till just at the finish, and 
even then it must be applied judiciously, 
else the birds will be drowned while in 
the shell, but a tough skin indicates 
dryness at the finish, and mature dead 
birds low vitality and wrong or insuffi¬ 
cient ventilation. Each locality where 
an incubator is run appears to have its 
own peculiar atmospheric conditions, 
and the operator has to expend lots of 
patience and perseverance in solving 
the problem of handling his rig to get 
the best possible results. With the most 
painstaking efforts it is very difficult for 
outsiders to give efficient advice. It’s 
something like Heaven—each of us has 
to work out our own salvation “with 
fear and trembling.” 
FRANCES ELLEN WHEELER. 
When and How to Thin Peaches. 
J. H. R., Stuarts Draft, Ya. —I was to com¬ 
mence thinning peaches to-day. My neigh¬ 
bor told me I shouid wait awhiie to see 
how many would drop off. They are as 
large as marbles and the trees are very 
thrifty; first crop. 1 can do it better now 
than later on account of my work. What 
is your advice? 
Ans. —Peaches should be thinned 
about when they are the size of full 
grown peach seeds, and not before. 
Later than that is said to be better than 
earlier, by those who have done the 
work very extensively. The tree natural¬ 
ly often casts considerable of the fruit, 
and there is thought by some to be more 
safety in waiting until after this natural 
drop before thinning, but we have held to 
the belief that there is not likely to be 
much dropping if the fruit is not too 
thick. There is more danger of leaving 
on too much than too little, so everyone 
finds upon trial. Mr. Morrill, of Michi¬ 
gan, thins his peaches 10 inches apart, 
and Mr. Hall, of Connecticut and 
Georgia, has changed from six inches to 
eight. The first thing to do in thinning 
is to shake the tree quite hard, which 
will cause much of the defective fruit 
to fall; then thin unmercifully. It pays 
better to grow fruit than seed on a fruit 
tree. 
ABMSTRONO & McKELVV 
Pittsburgh. 
BEYMEK-BAITMAN 
Pittsburgh. 
DAVIS-CHAMBERS 
Pittsburgh. 
FAHNESTOCK 
Pittsburgh. 
ANCHOR ] 
> Cincinnati. 
ECKSTEIN ) 
ATLANTIC 
BRADLEY 
BROOKLYN( 
JEWETT 
ULSTER 
UNION 
SOUTHERN 1 
SHIPMAN J 
COLLIER 
MISSOURI 
RED SEAL 
SOUTHERN 
New York. 
Chicago. 
)St. Louts. 
D 
JOHN T. LEWIS & BROS CO 
Philadelphia. 
MORLEY 
Cleveland. 
SALEM 
Salem, Mass. 
rCRITTi 
Buffalo. 
KENTUCKY 
Louisville. 
URABLE and satisfactory painting is 
possible if you will be guided by 
the experience of practical painters 
which has proven that the only paint which 
will give permanent satisfaction is Pure ^^ola 
Dutch process'' White Lead, 
The brands named in margin are genuine. 
If any shade or color is required it can be 
readily obtained by using the National Lead 
Company’s Pure White Lead Tinting Colors. 
Pamphlet giving Information, and cards showing sample of the 
color will be mailed free upon application. 
National Lead Co., loo William Street, New York. 
School of Practical Agriculture 
and Horticulture. 
Two years course In Gardening, Fruit Culture, 
Greenhouse Work, Poultry and General Agriculture. 
Begins September. For particulars address 
GEO. T. POWELL, Director, 
Brlarcllff Manor, N. T. 
Sweet Potato Plants.—Jersey Yellow, 
$1.50 per 1,000. 100 by mall, 60c. 11 kinds. Send for 
circular. F. S. NEWCO.MB, Vineland, N. J. ' 
When you write advertisers mention Thh 
R. N.-T. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page. 
'Dlaucliard’a White Leghorns.—The leading 
^ strain of heavy layers. Eggs for hatching from 
flnest stock. Ill.clr.free. H. J. Blanchard,Groton,N.Y. 
WvdndottGS Scotch Collies 
* Best of both. Handsome booklet free. 
BEAVER HILL FARM, - - BEAVER, PA. 
EVERY FARMER SHOULD 
CiljlV^O PRESERVE HIS ECCS 
PI HMTQ—Tomato, Cabbage, Sweet Potato, 
r LAI1 I O Pepper and Celery. Price-list free. 
CALEB BOGGS & SON, Cheswold, Del. 
POTTED KANSAS STRAWBERRY 
I PLANTS for $1.50. Send for List. 49 
varieties. T. C. KEVITT, Athenia, N. J. 
SF 
K TREES SUCCEED where 
Largest Nursery. OTHERS FAIL. 
Fruit Book Free. Result of 76 years' experience. 
STARK BROS.. Louisiana, Mo.; Dansville, N.Y. 
When cheap and plenty, for use or sale when scarce 
and high. For $2 we will sell you for your own use 
Kingsbury’s Receipt for Preserving Eggs, with fall 
printed instructions. With little expense you can 
preserve any quantity from buttertnb full to as many 
barrels as you wish; ‘25 years' actual use by the Kings- 
burys. Th6 profits they made on eggs were the be¬ 
ginning of the Kingsbnry fortune. Send registered 
letter or P. O. Money Order. Write name and address 
plain. Send to C. R. & W. J. SUTHERLAND, 
Albany, N. Y. 
IhjkjkAk Ajk I Iajk on Hens and Chick 
1168111 10 LICO 64-page Book FREE. 
D. J. LAMBEBT, Box 307, Apponang, B. I. 
Transplanted Celery ljanls7„T.;,“.;.““s;; 
Frank Shearer & Son, Binghamton, N. Y., 
for prices on stocky transplanted plants. 
PLANTS ONLY «1.00 per 1,000; 
one million ready July first. lOO' 
Strawberry Plants, in pots, for $1.(K). 
SLAYMAKER & SON, Dover Del. 
CELERY PLANTS. 
Grown by the acre, on fine irrigated land. Extra 
large root development. Large stocky plants. 
Shipped safely to all pans of the United States and 
Canada. White Plume, Golden Self-Blanching and 
Giant Paschal. Price: 500,75c.; 1,000, $1.25; 5,000, $5. 
WILSON BROS. & CO., Tecumseh, Mich. 
Celery and Cabbage Plants for Sale 
Leading varieties, carefully packed with moss In 
baskets, f. o. b. here. 250 plants at 60c.; 500 for 90o.; 
1,000 for $1.50. Special price on quantities over 6,000. 
Cash with order. Plants ready loth to 20th of June. 
WOODLAND FARM, Canastota, Madison Co., N. Y 
CABBACE PLANTS 
grown from Tilllnghasts’ fa¬ 
mous Puget Sound Seeds 
Wlnnigstadt, Succession, Fot- 
tier's. Flat Dutch, $1 per 1,000 
$7.50 per 10,000. Address 
W. A. TILLINGHAST, 
La Plume, Pa. 
Clover Seed @ $6 to $7 per 
I VI OHV hu.; 500 bn. Crimson Clover Seed (ft 
16 per bn.; 1,000 bn. Cow Peas @ $1.25 to $1.76 per bu. 
J. E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
NEW CRIMSON CLOVER SEED 
My own growing. Ready July 1. Orders booked 
now. Sample and price sent for approval before 
shipment. Cow Peas. Soja Beans. Circular free. 
E. G. PACKARD, Seedsman, Dover, Del. 
Collie Paps 
—Spayed Females. Circulars. SILAS 
DECKER, South Montrose, Pa. 
Scotch Collies for Sale 
From litter sister to Shep of Hope Farm. Sable and 
white. Price, $10. C. F. HAIGHT, Mlllbrook, N. Y 
■ finely-bred Lord Britain and Fashoda 
I I II I Does, at following prices; Does scoring 
■ 90 to 92 points, $3: Does scoring 92 to 94 
points, $4; Does scoring 94 points or better, $6—laid 
down at your door, express paid. A few very cboiee 
bucks at very low prices. All stock scored by P. E 
Crabtree or by one of his graduates. 
D. W. TALLMAN, Longmont, Colo 
We hear much about trusts but the worst of all 
trusts is the habit of getting trusted for things you 
buy and consequently paying often double prices. 
Jones of Binghamton, N. Y., will tell yon how to get 
scales at half old Monopoly’s prices. Jones be pays 
the freight. 
SPECIAL PRICES 
'TrlaL Guaranteed. Qpllbh 
and Combination 
Oatalog Free, Write now. 
OSGOOD 
BINGHAMTON.N.Y. 
■—1 
—L— 
PACE. 
—■ 
YOU CAN’T GO WRONG 
If you take the advice of over 500,000 stockmen and 
farmers and buy PAGE Fence. Try It. 
PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., ADRIAN,MICH. 
Best Pulley 
On Earth. 
AMERICAN CORN AND FODDER 
SHOCK COMPRESSOR 
HOLDS while you tie. 
Does not cut 
the rope. Strong, 
Simple, Durable. 
Writ* for Price Uit. 
J. B. Biiigltea, 
Cjuh Deejtl Djujhliiaew t.hat Will last longer 
rOl b6S1 KOOTinS than shingles or tin 
at one-half the cost, send *8tamp for sample and 
price toH.M. SWEET, 62 Wetmore Ave.,Wlnsted, Cb 
LAND DRAIN TILE 
(Car-loads or less). 
Sizes, 2, 214 , 3, 4, 5 and 
6-lnch. 
WILLIAM T.LEGGETT& CO. 
1026 Liberty Avenue, 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 
DEDERICK’S HAY PRESSES 
bale nearly all the bay baled in 
world.Sena for free Illustrated 
Address P. K. DEDERICK’S 
45 Tivoli Street, 
Albany, N. Y 
Easy, 
Sapid, 
A krone. 
The Pioneer—It stUl 
leads all others. 
RUBEROiD 
I'zzx: 
POULTRY-HOUSEl 
ROOFING 
As a water-proof covering for Poultry, 
j Houses, HD BEROID has no equal. Keeps I 
the houses cool during the warm weather, 
and warm in Winter, and the chicks dry and | 
I comfortable. The sun cannot melt It. 
THE STAMDARD PAINT 00., 
100 William Street, 
NEW YORK. 
