VoL. LX 
No. 2691. 
NEW YORK, AUGUST 24, 1901. 
$1 PER YEAR 
THE DAIRY TEST AT THE PAH-AMERICAN. 
COWS THAT COMPETE AT THE CHURN. 
No Robber Cows Here. 
As many of our readers doubtless know, an inter¬ 
esting dairy contest is under way at the Pan-Ameri¬ 
can Exposition. We have waited until now before 
describing it, in order that something like definite 
results might be given. There are 10 herds in com¬ 
petition—pictures of typical specimens of the breeds 
being shown at Fig. 253. The object of the test or 
contest is “to demonstrate in a practical way how 
daily surrounded by strangers. Their work is done 
in the midst of excitement and noise—quite unlike 
the calm life of the cow in some cool and shady pas¬ 
ture. It seems to us that this test is, on the whole, 
the most practical and business-like that we have 
had. Each herd is under the care of some person 
selected by those who own or manage the cattle. 
These managers select the feed and care which they 
consider best for their cows. F'or example, those who 
are responsible for the Holsteins or Brown Swiss 
cows may consider that they can make a better show¬ 
ing with more roughage and less grain. They have 
no drugs or medicine are given any of the cows with¬ 
out the consent of the superintendent. As each cow 
is milked the milk is given to the superintendent, who 
weighs and samples it. The daily samples are mixed 
and tested each week by the Babcock tester. The 
cream from one day’s milking of each herd is 
churned once each week, and precautions are taken 
in testing and sampling to insure accuracy. The 
value of the dairy products is figured at 25 cents a 
pound for butter, allowing 85 per cent of butter fat 
to the pound of butter. One of the most interesting 
things in connection with the test is the exhibition 
HOLSTEIN. AYRSHIRE. BROWN SWISS. SHORT-HORN. RED POLL. 
DUTCH BELTED. 
POLLED JERSEY. 
jcnotT. 
vaucniNOC.!. 
SOME OF THE COWS TOv HEllFOUND IN THE GREAT PAN-AMERICAN DAIRY SHOW. Fig. 2.53. 
FRENCH CANADIAN. 
cheaply milk and butter can be produced, under cer¬ 
tain given conditions, with the various breeds of 
milch cows.” Five animals from each herd were 
selected. They are not perhaps the best cows that 
could possibly be found, but they are all good work¬ 
ing animals and quite representative. 
A roomy and comfortable stable has been provided. 
Each herd of cows is kept together, and all are given 
the best of care. It might be said that the average 
cow in the average barn is not so comfortable as 
these cattle, and that therefore the test is not an 
average” one. The answer is that these cows are 
a right to feed twice as much hay as the other cows 
receive if they like, but every pound of feed or fodder 
is charged to them, and accurate accounts are kept 
with each cow. The following values per ton have 
been placed on what the cows eat: Oil meal, $35; 
bran, $15; ground oats, $18; cotton-seed meal, $25; 
cornmeal, $16; gluten food, $16; peameal, $25; clover 
hay, $7; silage, $2; green food, $1.75. 
The food is kept under lock and key and accurately 
weighed out at each feeding. Each cow receives 
what her manager thinks will be the most profitable 
ration for her. Careful arrangements are made that 
of samples of butter made from the cream of the dif¬ 
ferent breeds. No artificial coloring matter is per¬ 
mitted, and it is evident from the showing made that 
the Guernseys, in particular, do not need any. 
Prizes are offered as follows: 
“A prize shall be awarded for the herd showing the 
greatest net profit, butter fat alone considered, as de¬ 
termined by the Babcock test. 
“For the herd showing the greatest net profit, but¬ 
ter alone considered, as determined by the churn. 
“For the herd showing the greatest net profit in 
total solids, and in loss and gain of live weight.” 
