1901 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
597 
Pollenizing Northern Spy. 
F. H., Ludlow, y<.— I am grafting over 
some old apple trees to Northern Spy. I 
wish to put in buds of some other late- 
blooming variety for the purpose of fer¬ 
tilizing the Spy. What shall I use? 
Ans. —I am not sure that Northern 
Spy is not self-fertile, but of the con¬ 
trary opinion that it does not need an¬ 
other variety to pollenize it. However, 
there might be some benefit in providing 
other pollen than its own. Genet is one 
ot the latest blooming apples, and its 
s6?ason is practically the same as that 
of Northern Spy. It might be a good 
one for the purpose desired, if its pollen 
proved to be potent upon the flowers of 
the other variety. h. e. v. d. 
Setting Apple Trees. . 
L. B., Tallula, /li.—Would it pay in plant¬ 
ing an apple orchard to set the trees 45 or 
50 feet apart, and plant dwarf trees be¬ 
tween them one way, or are dwarf apples 
a humbug? After a man is past 75 he does 
not like to wait 10 years more to taste the 
fruit of his planting if there is anything 
that will bear earlier. 
Ans. —It is a good plan to give apple 
trees plenty of room, and where they 
grow to very large size 45 or 50 feet is 
none too far apart for them when full 
grown. But I would plant standard trees 
of early bearing varieties as fillers, and 
not dwarfs. It has been quite well 
proven that dwarf apple trees are too 
costly and unsuitable for American or¬ 
chards, but in Europe they are quite 
popular. In Illinois there need be noth¬ 
ing to discourage one who is quite aged 
from setting apple trees with a hope of 
seeing them bear. Most varieties will 
begin to bear within less than 10 years 
after planting, and some will produce 
profitable crops at five years. Among 
the latter are Missouri, Oldenburg and 
Wagener. These are the varieties that 
I would use as fillers between the per¬ 
manent trees. h. e. v. d. 
Fruit Questions from Virginia. 
II. J. W., Fearisburg, Fa.—When would be 
the proper time to bud peach trees In the 
southwestern part of Virginia? Can peach 
trees be successfully budded that are 
about the size of a lead pencil, or a little 
smaller? Can peach trees that are bud¬ 
ded this Fall be successfully transplanted 
next Spring? If they were transplanted 
in the Spring, would they not be more 
likely to form a better system of roots, 
as they could be dug without cutting the 
tap roots? If this were done, should the 
stocks be cut off just above the bud at the 
time of transplanting? I set out some 
peach trees last Fall, and wrapped the 
bodies of them about the middle of June 
with newspapers to protect them against 
locusts. I have not removed the paper 
yet, as it will prevent boi-ers from getting 
into the trees. Will the paper injure the 
trees? When should it be taken off? 1 
have a young quince orchard that seems 
much affected with blight. Would it be 
advisable to sow the same in clover and 
mow for a few years? If this is not ad¬ 
visable, what would you consider the best 
treatment for said orchard? Do you think 
that Japan plums would succeed in south¬ 
west Virginia? 
Ans. —August and the early part of 
September is the proper time to bud 
peach trees in any part of Virginia. It 
is better to have peach seedlings for 
budding, a little larger rather than 
smaller than a lead pencil, but almost 
any size will do if the work is done by 
very skillful hands. Small buds should 
be used for small stocks. 2. Yes, it is 
entirely practicable to transplant peach 
trees that have their buds in the dor¬ 
mant stage, and this is sometimes done 
by orchardists. It can be done in Vir¬ 
ginia any time between the time the 
leaves fall until the time for them to 
start the next Spring, but I do not like 
late Spring planting, I do not think 
ihat it would make any material differ¬ 
ence in the future growth of the roots, 
whether the trees are transplanted at 
one or two years old. My plan has al¬ 
ways been to cut off budded stocks close 
to the bud early in the Spring, whether 
left in the nursery, or set into the or¬ 
chard. Some leave a stump above the 
bud to be cut off after a few months, but 
this has always seemed to me only a 
trouble. I prefer to have the healing of 
the wound begin in the Spring. Paper 
will do no harm when wrapped about 
the bodies of the peach trees if left on 
indefinitely. It will be a benefit in keep¬ 
ing out borers to a considerable extent. 
The blight which affects quince trees is 
the same that is so prevalent on pear 
trees, and there is no known remedy 
for it other than to cut off and burn the 
diseased parts. The cutting should be 
well below where the disease is observ¬ 
able. Seeding to clover and mowing in¬ 
stead of cultivating would not be likely 
to prevent the trouble in any material 
degree, although it would not harm the 
trees in the least. Clean cultivation is 
usually the best course. Japan plums 
are now grown to some extent in many 
parts of Virginia. Rot is the worst 
fault they have there and in many other 
sections ir. e. v. d. 
Bing and Napoleon Cherries; Virgalieu Pear. 
M. U'. Bri/n Mawr, Pa.—\. Will the 
Fiiig and Napoleon (Royal Ann) cherries 
that have won so much favor in the West 
and on the Pacific coast, be likely to do 
equally well in eastern Pennsylvania? 2. 
Is the old-time Virgalieu pear—the most 
delicious pear ever grown—still to be had 
of fruit tree sellers? I never find it cata¬ 
logued in their booklets. At what age does 
it come into bearing? I only know now 
of old trees in very old gardens. 
Ans. —1. Yes, The Bing and Napoleon 
cherries do very well in those parts of 
the Eastern States where the other 
sweet varieties succeed, and Pennsyl- 
v.onia is included within that territory. 
2. Virgalieu is a synonym of the pear 
properly White Doyenne. It is offered 
for sale by some of the nurserymen, al¬ 
though not by the majority of them. It 
is indeed a very delicious pear, but it is 
rather more easily affected by the fun¬ 
gus disease that causes the fruit to 
crack than most varieties, ii. e. v. d. 
What Killed the Tree? 
IF. II. IF., Malden, J/ass.—This year we 
were pained by the death of a fine cut¬ 
leaved birch, which had been growing 
vigorously for seven or eight years. We 
could assign .no cause. This year, another 
live or six years old, looks very much 
discouraged and we are anxious about it. 
ft is far away from the first, 75 or 100 feet. 
There is no possible gas leak, and we 
have had plenty of lain. Can you pre¬ 
scribe any treatment which may save a 
valued life? 
Ans. —It can only be guesswork to as¬ 
sign a'cause for the death of the birch 
trees without careful examination. In 
some localities death from root rot, 
caused by fungus attacks, is known to 
occur, but trees in built-up sections 
usually die from the effect of gas or 
water about the roots, or downright 
slarvation from poverty of the graded 
soil. 
EVERYBODY’S GARDEN. 
Sweet Cohn and Smut. —Experience 
seems fully to demonstrate that smut 
is a serious hindrance to the profitable 
growing of some of the first early soi”ts 
of sweet corn. It is also pretty clearly 
shown that the trouble is much more 
prevalent with some varieties than with 
others. As little has as yet been done 
to remedy the difficulty, it is best 
thing to grow the varieties least affected. 
The Early Cory, with all its newer 
strains, as the White Cob, the Mam¬ 
moth and Giant, while very desirable 
as to earliness and table quality, are all, 
in so far as my experience goes, par¬ 
ticularly liable to the disease. Of all 
the first early kinds tested here, the 
Sheffield Sugar seems nearest the ideal. 
It withstands the cold of early Spring 
better perhaps than any other variety, 
while the table quality is second to 
none. It is the best cropper of all the 
early varieties tested by me, both as to 
yield of ears and fodder. 
Vauieties eou SuccE.ssroN.—For a 
succession, which will give an unbroken 
supply the entire season through, the 
following list for most localities will be 
found very satisfactory: Sheffield Sugar, 
Early Minnesota and Old Colony, in the 
order named, with Stoweli’s Evergreen 
for the finish, or what is equally satis¬ 
factory, the Old Colony planted from 
two to three weeks later than the first 
planting. These varieties planted at 
the same time will follow each other 
in very close succession, and their tab.e 
qualities cannot, I believe, be improved 
upon. 
Out oe Time. —Our sewing machine 
got to playing all sorts of antics; in 
fact, it utterly refused to do its work at 
all. We could see nothing wrong, but 
it just wouldn’t work at all. The ad¬ 
juster down at the office, after looking 
it over, said it was “out of time,” 1. e., 
some part of the machinery failed to 
work at just the proper instant, with 
the result that it threw everything else 
out of joint, or disabled every other 
part. Applying this to the garden work, 
there is no more fruitful source of leak¬ 
age in the profits of the work than do¬ 
ing things out of time, or rather, behind 
time. Crops planted and tended out of 
season, in the majority of cases, prove 
a snare and a delusion. Give the weeds 
a few days to start, and the check to the 
ci’op will never be overcome, while the 
soil has been robbed of moisture and 
fertility sufficient to have added much 
to the growth and profit of the crop. 
Success in its highest sense is only at¬ 
tainable by the closest possible attention 
to details, and keeping a crop in the best 
condition for growth from start to fin¬ 
ish. The only attainable success is 
through setting the mark just as high 
as possible, and continually and earn¬ 
estly striving to reach it. 
Harvesting Onions. —For best re¬ 
sults, the onions should be harvested 
just as soon as mature, and this con¬ 
dition may be easily told by the necks 
or stems. When the tops turn yellow 
and wither up is the proper time for the 
work. Do not wait for all the tops to 
reach this condition, as the main crop 
will suffer if left standing until all fully 
ripen. Many of the onions will remain 
green and grow on indefinitely; but if 
pulled with the main crop, will mature 
perfectly. At present, harvesting ma¬ 
chines throwing two rows together are 
used by some growers, but in ordinary 
operations the work is still done by 
hand. By some growers, the topping is 
done previous to pulling, by going 
through ahead of the pullers and twist¬ 
ing off the tops. Ordinarily, however, 
onions and tops are pulled and thrown 
four rows together and left thus to cure, 
and the tops are removed by sheep 
shears or knife when the onions are 
gathered. In favorable weather, the 
onions will cure in from eight to 10 
days, but this process will be hurried by 
carefully stirring with a wooden rake 
or other implement which will not 
bruise the onions. In wet weather it is 
safest to cure under cover, on the barn 
floor or covered scaffolds, but always 
where the air will have free circulation. 
Large operations, of course, require 
special facilities for storing and curing, 
and lacking these and experience in the 
work, it is safest to market tne crop as 
soon as possible, leaving the Spring 
markets to those who have experience 
in storing for Che Winter, as the work 
is particular, and at best, is usually at¬ 
tended with considerable loss. 
Michigan. J. e. morse. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“asquaredeal.” See our guarantee 8th page 
The Robison Basket Co., Painesvllle, O., the largest 
manufacturers in the U. S. of grape, peach and trult 
packages. Write us for samples and prices. 
No More Spoiled Fruit. 
Canning made easy and sure by using my Standard 
Patent Self-Melting, Self-Sealing Wax Strings. Very 
economical and easy to apply. Valuable fruit In¬ 
formation, and 101) Strings by mall, for 45 cents In 
stamps C. C. FOUTZ, Middletown, Ohio. 
CRENSHAW BROS., 
Field and Garden Seeds 
Correspondence solicited, with view of either buying 
or selling. We grow Velvet Beans, Giant Beggar 
Weed, Florida Favorite and New Triumph Water¬ 
melon Seeds. 1222-1224 Franklin St., Tampa, Fla. 
Qrrn \A/11CATQ Description of best and poorest 
uLLU WlILn I W Many varieties entirely ruined. 
CRIMSON CLOVER SEED-?r„.'7,L“,»r 
K. S. JOHNSTON, Box 100, Stockley, Del. 
Home-Grown Crimson Clover Seed. 
Choice Japanese Buckwheat. Seed Wheat and Win¬ 
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SUCCEED WHERE 
Largest Nursery. OTHERS FAIL. 
Fruit Book Free. Result of 16 years' experience. 
STAKE BROS., Louiaiana. Mo.; Danaville, K.Y. 
BUDS IN SEASON 
Peach, Apple, Pear and Phim. Write for 
prices, giving quantity wanted. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Box 29, Berlin, Md. 
Headquarters 
for the October Purple Plum and 
Green Mountain Grape. The largest 
New England nursery. 500 acres. Strong 
stock of all fruits, ornamental trees an:’ 
shrubs. Caltalogue free. 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS. New Canaan, Conn. 
Nursery Business. —It is a business, 
and we have learned that fall planting Is the best 
for Pennsylvania and States south. Trees start better 
and grow better, Peach and all; experience of expert 
planters. Write about the trees you want, and get our 
Best method in the world for planting Apple trees. 
WOODVIEW NURSERIES, Box 100, Uriah, Pa. 
FINE NURSERY STOCK 
Grown In the famous Delaware fruit land. Free from 
disease; true to name. Fruit Trees, Berry 
Plants, Asparagus Foots. Try our prices on 
two-year Kleffer Pears. DOVER NURSERIES, 
E. H. ATKINSON. Dover. Del. 
STRONG POTTED STRAWBERRY 
PLANTS, early and late, sent safely AI 
anywhere postpaid for One Dollar 
A. B. KATKAMIER, Macedon, N. Y. 
Beautiful Strawberries in 1902 
We can furnish you with 
pot-grown Strawberry Plants 
that will bear a full crop of 
fruit next year. Celery and 
Cabbage Plants. Full line of 
Fruit and Ornamental Stock. 
Write at once for our Summer 
and Autumn catalogue. It 
explains all. Fruit packages 
of all kinds for sale at low 
prices. T. J. DWYER & SON, 
grange County Nurseries, Box 1, Cornwall, N. Y. 
ni ARITQ— Scale. New and Choice Varieties. 
I nCCO MNU rliANIa Blackberries, Strawberries, Raspberries. 
Our FREE CATALOGUE will save you money. MYER & SON, Brldgevllle, Del. 
99^IH ^ PA I I Hyacinths, Tulips, Crocus, Narcissus, Lilies, etc. 
■ ■ ■ IH V r AAtl- ouu NfcW Bulb Catalooue is sent free. It tells 
B wy KBB about the best bulbs, also seasonable seeds 
r I plants, including our celebrated grass mix- 
henry a. DREER, Philadelphia, Pa, 
and pleasure ground. 
ROGERS NURSERIES 
are on the hills overlooking the Genesee Valley. Our trees are hardy, healthy, vigorous and well- 
rooted. You can depend on ROGERS TREES for future re.sults. Bred from selected bearing trees; 
you know what they will bear when you plant them. Write for copy of the - ‘TREE BREEDER;” 
'you will find it worth while. Address simply ROGERS ON THE HILL, Oausville, N. Y. 
Why Not Add to the Certainty of Crowing a Good Crop of 
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'X HAT always produces a good crop wherever Winter wheat can be grown? It Is Iron-clad and the hardiest 
wheat In existence: has proven of strongest vitality, given the biggest yield and best wheat In the 
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and an average yield of 45 bushels forthe past ID years. Hundreds of farmers grow from 10 to 20 bushels more 
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Write for Free Ctitalogne and descriptive circulars. New crop choice home-grown Timothy seed, $2.60 
per bushel, sacks tree. Address, mentioning The Rural New-Yorker, 
J. R. RATEKIN & SON, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 
