1901 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
6o5 
MARKET NOTES 
heavy sugar receipts.—D uring 
the month of July, San Francisco received 
from the Hawaiian Islands 33 vessels con¬ 
taining 739,000 bags of sugar, equal to 88,- 
080,000 pounds. This is the largest recorded 
receipt for any one month at this port, and 
gives some idea of the development of the 
Hawaiian sugar industry. 
PACIFIC COAST VEGETABLES.—The 
general farming districts of California are 
having an unusual demand for vegetables. 
Usually the Central West does not have to 
buy potatoes, corn and similar products 
from other sections, but the drought this 
year has cut everything so short that the 
most unexpected calls have been made on 
the East and extreme West. California 
farmers are rapidly marketing their pota¬ 
toes, of which there is a large acreage in 
the Sacramento "Valley, and yields are said 
to be heavy. In the same section there are 
over 60,000 acres of beans. 
NO WASTE.—“No,” said an extensive 
New York egg dealer, “we don’t throw 
away anything now. A few years ago, 
when eggs spoiled, they had to be dumped 
into the garbage cart, but a class of for¬ 
eigners has come into this city who are 
genuine scavengers, and will buy eggs, no 
matter how badly rotten they are. The 
grade quoted as ‘inferior culls’ at about .H 
a case is far from prime, but we have 
sold to these people eggs so badly damaged 
that they brought only 25 cents per .30- 
dozen case. Of course, in ordinary sea¬ 
sons we don’t have many spoiled eggs, but 
the excessive heat of this Summer has 
damaged a good many lots from a distance 
that were all right when shipped. I don't 
know what these people do with the 
spoiled eggs. Probably they are used in 
the cheap bake shops.” 
WHAT ABOUT POOR VARIETIES?— 
Every species of fruit has varieties that 
are worthless grown in certain localities, 
and some are of no account anywhere, yet 
they hang around the markets year after 
year. In small markets varieties that are 
unusually early or good shippers, even 
though inferior otherwise, will doubtless 
continue to be sold, as they come at a 
time when little fresh fruit is on hand; 
but in the larger markets these black 
sheep of the fruit tribe are being crowd¬ 
ed out more and more each year. In New 
York, for example, there is always high- 
quality fruit of some species to be had at 
a moderate price. The prime apple season 
is a long one, lasting from the time the 
better Fall fruit comes until late Spring, 
'rhe fancy orange overlaps the next va¬ 
cant space, and then come strawberries, 
peaches and grapes, each for a time being 
king of the market. Pears, plums, cherries 
and berries, while important in their way, 
are seldom seen in quantities that exceed 
other fruits. Thus it happens that there 
is no time of year when prime fruit of 
some kind cannot be had. On account of 
the great number of buyers, dealers in 
large markets can keep a much larger and 
more varied stock than those in small 
towns. With this constant supply of fine 
fruit it is not strange that buyers, as they 
become familiar with inferior varieties, 
pass them by; and, as this practical edu¬ 
cation of the buyer goes on, he will cer¬ 
tainly become more and more discriminat¬ 
ing. • Those going into fruit culture, who 
expect to ship to the great markets, should 
give this question of varieties a careful 
study before planting. That many have 
done this is evident from the receipts each 
year. Those who do not may find them¬ 
selves with plantations of the fruit of 
which will have to be sold at a heavy dis¬ 
count or peddled out in small markets 
where the buyer has less good fruit to pick 
from. Again, this constant supply of 
prime fruit of some species is a damper 
on the sale of out-of-season fruits that 
are not prime. For instance, there are 
grapes in this market at present, whicii, 
while not of good quality, would sell read¬ 
ily at fair prices if it were not for the 
abundance of fine peaches. Buyers prefer 
good peaches at a moderate price to poor 
grapes at a premium. To this rule there 
is one great exception, the strawberry. 
Certainly no one can say much for the 
quality of the small, hard, knotty. Ill- 
flavored strawberries that come from the 
extreme South in Winter, yet they sell at 
high prices, largely to make a display on 
hotel tables. For this purpose the most 
firm varieties are planted, regardless of 
quality, on account of their superiority In 
shipping. However, many of the early 
California berries received last Winter 
were of much better quality, and, in fact, 
as palatable as the later home-grown fruit. 
_ w. w. H. 
GEORGIA HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
The annual meeting of the Georgia State 
Horticultural Society convened at MIll- 
edgevllle, Ga., August 7-8, President P. J. 
Berckmans in the chair. Owing to the 
railroads having refused free transporta¬ 
tion to the members of the Society the 
attendance was smaller than usual, only 
about 100 members being present. How¬ 
ever, the refusal of the railroads to grant 
free transportation did not have any in¬ 
fluence upon a number of the absentees. 
as the members from north Georgia were 
prevented from attending on account of 
being in the midst of their peach ship¬ 
ping, the season being from a week to 10 
days late this year. The sessions of the 
Society were held in the Baldwin County 
Court House. The room was decorated 
with magnificent specimens of palms and 
ferns; many of the specimens would do 
credit to any first-class professional florist. 
The plants were all grown by women of 
this thriving town. The Mayor of Mill- 
edgeville, Hon. Julius A. Horne, made the 
address of welcome, and was responded to 
by H. A. Matthews and W. D. Hammock 
on behalf of the Society. Then followed 
the address of President Berckmans; he 
gave a practical talk, and laid particular 
stress on the denudation of our forests, 
and urged that some legislation be taken 
to prevent the useless and reckless cut¬ 
ting away of our forest trees. He also 
impressed upon the fruit shippers the 
necessity of using a uniform package in 
the shipping of their fruit, careful and 
regular packing. Prof. H. B. Buist, hor¬ 
ticulturist of Winthrop Normal and In¬ 
dustrial College, Rock Hill, S. C., fol¬ 
lowed next with an address on horticulture 
in our schools. 
The afternoon session was opened by a 
talk from J. P. Fort, of Mt. Airy, Ga., 
upon insectivorous birds. This was fol¬ 
lowed by a report from the State Ento¬ 
mologist, Prof. W. M. Scott, showing upon 
the map of the State of Georgia the dis¬ 
tribution of the San Jos6 scale, and saying 
that in every instance where the scale had 
been discovered in the State it had been 
vigorously fought and sprayed with kero¬ 
sene, and is under full control, and in 
some orchards which were badly infested 
two years ago they have succeeded in al¬ 
most totally eradicating the scale. This 
demonstrates that when the scale is fought 
according to the directions given by Prof. 
Scott the fruit growers need have no fear 
of its getting beyond their control. The 
brown rot is more to be feared than the 
San Jos6 scale. The night session was a 
most interesting one. Entomologist Scott 
and Assistant Entomologist Fiske giving 
most comprehensive lectures upon noxious 
and beneficial insects, these lectures being 
illustrated by a beautiful series of lantern 
slides. The morning session, August 8, 
was opened by a discussion upon pecan 
culture, which is becoming a very profit¬ 
able industry in the South. This was fol¬ 
lowed by a discussion on brown rot, w'nich 
was very disastrous to the plum and peach 
crop in certain sections of Georgia this 
year. In many instances where Bordeaux 
Mixture was used the fruit crop was saved, 
but in other Instances spraying with Bor¬ 
deaux seemed to have no appreciable ef¬ 
fect upon the brown rot, but it is thought 
that if these cases where the brown rot 
was severe w'ere Investigated, we would 
find that spraying was not properly done. 
'I’he following ollicers were elected for 
the ensuing year: President, P. J. Berck¬ 
mans; vice-presidents, B. W. Stone, James 
Cureton, R. E. Park, H. M. Starnes, Dr. 
Neill Mclifnes; secretary and treasurer, 
L. A. Berckmans. ' Macon, Ga., was select¬ 
ed as a place of meeting for 1902. A com¬ 
mittee on legislation was appointed, this 
committee to go before the Legislature and 
ask for an additional appropriation for 
the entomological department, the present 
appropriation being inadequate. A com¬ 
mittee was also appointed to draft a bill 
to prevent the destruction of insectivorous 
birds. The display of fruit and vegetables 
was very small, but the specimens shown 
were of superior quality. l. a. b. 
Wayne Co. (N. Y.J Fruit Growers. 
Wayne County carries the banner in the 
New York State Growers’ Association. It 
has a large State membership, and has 
also a vigorous County Association. It is 
easier to organize and carry on such 
things in Wayne County than in most 
other sections. Farmers have been edu¬ 
cated in the benefits to be obtained 
through organization. The Grange is very 
strong. The farmers’ institutes are well 
attended, and lecturers of National repu¬ 
tation have gone through the county care¬ 
fully. Wayne County boys have come to 
the front at the Cornell College and Ex¬ 
periment Station, so that farmers have 
been brought close to these institutions. 
All these things helped to make the field 
meeting of the Wayne County Fruit Grow¬ 
ers’ Association a success. Something 
over 400 people gathered at the fruit farm 
of B. J. Case, of Sodus. The day was 
warm and cloudy, but there was no rain 
and, in the afternoon, a light breeze from 
the lake made the air comfortable. Be¬ 
fore dinner the fruit growers inspected 
the orchards and vineyards. Mr. Case has 
a fair crop of fruit—grapes being, the best 
His peaches are light, but apples are fair. 
Everything was in apple-pie order, and 
special interest was taken in the experi¬ 
ments under way with cover crops. In 
one orchard cow peas are making a fine 
growth. Mr. Case says he is much pleas( d 
with this crop, and he expects next year 
to sow it in drills through the orchard, so 
as to cultivate thoroughly as long as he 
can get through the vines. When culti¬ 
vation stops his plan is to go through with 
a roller and crush the vines down so as 
to make a soft place^for the apples to fall. 
By using one of the trailing varieties this 
rolling would not be necessary. In other 
orchards combinations of Crimson clover, 
Alsike, Alfalfa and turnips have been 
sown, and were just coming up. 
Dinner was furnished by the ladies of 
the Methodist Church under direction of 
Mrs. Case. After dinner the company 
drew up their chairs in a shady place on 
the beautiful lawn fronting the house, and 
listened to talks by H. W. Colllngwood 
and Prof. M. V. Slingerland. The latter 
is very popular with the farmers of Wayne 
County. He started as a farm boy, and 
understands what the farmers need. The 
meeting was a great success and will help 
to bring the farmers of that section closer 
together for mutual benefit. 
POSTAL CARDS. 
Destroying Milkweed. 
A. \{. II., Toledo, O.—Milkweed, or As- 
clepias, is a deep-rooting, perennial plant, 
and rather difficult to eradicate. The only 
sure way seems to be to pull up or cut off 
the plants every time they appear above 
the soil, giving them no breathing spell, 
and in time the roots will starve out. The 
work must be thorough in order to be ef¬ 
fectual. Tea plants can probably be pro¬ 
cured from Dr. Chas. N. Sheppard, Sum¬ 
merville, S. C. 
Greenhouse Sub-irrigation. 
(1. G. S., Somerville, Jfass.—Greenhouse 
sub-irrigation has not been reduced to a 
practical basis. The most successful plan 
so far seems to be to bed two-inch tiles 
partially in cement, leaving the joints open 
near the top. They should be at least 
eight inches under the soil in which the 
plants grow. Lines of this tile placed 30 
inches apart have proven quite effective 
in irrigating soil. Many think, however, 
that It is necessary to provide an abso¬ 
lutely water-tight basin, in order to re¬ 
ceive the full benefit, as the water will not 
always rise to the surface If It can make 
its escape below. 
Root-Knot Disease in Vegetables. 
J. L. N., Gocoamit Grove, Fla.—The root- 
knot disease in eggplants, beans, cabbage 
and other vegetables is usually caused by 
eel worms, or nematodes, minute trans¬ 
parent worms, or some kind of fungus. 
There is no known sure remedy for plants 
after infection, the most promising plan 
being to put three or four drops of bisul¬ 
phide of carbon in a hole near the roots 
of the infected plants, filling immediately 
with earth. This is at times fairly ef¬ 
fective, but, of course, an Inconvenient 
remedy. The best plan Is probably to 
grow plants on uninfected ground. The 
largest variety of hothouse grape is prob¬ 
ably Gros Colman. 
A FiEi.D meeting of the New York Fruit 
Growers’ Association was held at Olcott 
Beach, Niagara County, August 14. The 
attendance was between 300 and 400. Among 
the neighboring orchards visited were 
those of W. A. Sawyer, G. H. Bradley, L. 
M. Bradley, F. M. Bradley, Geo. L. Pot¬ 
ter, S. M. Davis, Dr. C. A. Ring, W. T. 
Mann and E. A. Coates. Addresses were 
made by President L. T. Yeomans, W. T. 
Mann. Prof. John Craig, S. D. 'Willard, J. 
S. "Woodward and H. E. Van Deman. 
Speakers from other States were; J. W. 
Stanton, representing the Illinois Horti¬ 
cultural Society, and W. H. Blodget, of 
Massachusetts, who spoke on the need of 
good varieties and proper packing for mar¬ 
ket. The report of the Committee on Fruit 
Statistics and Marketing emphasized the 
need of great care in obtaining reliable 
figures and a better knowledge of market 
demands on the part of the shipper. 
Killing Witch Grass.—I have had much 
experience with Witch grass (we call it 
wild rye), but I never saw a spring-tooth 
harrow, and have often wondered what 
they are made for. I do not believe they 
are any use on light or mellow land—free 
from stones. That is the kind I am used 
to. I will tell how I cleaned out a patch 
last season. It was mellow land, plowed 
in the Spring, and was a wet edge. As it 
was infested w'ith Witch grass I reserved 
it for late planting, and worked it with 
Planet Ji-. horse hoe with hoes set to turn 
in or cover. That would set the land up 
in ridges. Then in a few days I would 
put a 15-inch flat steel in the rear and cut 
those ridges again. I do not want the 
roots torn out; I simply want to stifle 
them by cutting every leaf two or three 
inches under. Beans and cabbages were 
planted July 2, and not a trace of Witch 
grass was seen during the remainder of 
season. e. l. s. 
Cape Cod, Mass. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page- 
women Wonder Whg ! 
They are doomed to so much suffering. 
But are they doomed? Is not the suf¬ 
fering the result of conditions which un¬ 
der skillful treatment might be entirely 
cured? Thousands of women who had 
been great sufferers, have learned that 
suffering was unnecessary after using 
Dr. Pierce’s Favorite Prescription. It 
heals diseases of the delicate womanly 
organs and banishes the headache, back¬ 
ache and other aches which are the con¬ 
sequence of these diseases. 
” Favorite Prescription ” is absolutely a 
temperance medicine in the strictest 
meaning of the term. It contains no 
alcohol and is free from opium, cocaine 
and all other narcotics. 
"/ wrote you for advice February 4 th, 1896 ,” 
writes Mrs. Loma Halstead, of Clareniore, Cher¬ 
okee Nat., Ind. '<1 was racking with pain 
from the back of my head down to my heels. 
Had hemorrhage for weeks at a time, and was 
unable to sit up for ten minutes at a time. You 
answered my letter, advised me to use your 
valuable medicines, viz.. Dr. Pierce’s Favorite 
Prescription, * Golden Medical Discovery,’ and 
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backache since, and now I put in sixteen hours 
• day at hard work.” 
Sick women are invited to consult Dr. 
Pierce by letter free. All correspond¬ 
ence private. Address Dr. R. V. Piercei 
Buffalo. N. Y. 
CLARK’S 
DISK 
GANG 
PLOW 
Blzes 3 to 8 feet wide or more for horse or steam 
power. TRASH CUTTER, perfect turner, light 
draft, strong, durable and cheap, llfade On.ii/ by 
THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO., Higganum, Ct. 
Send for Circulars. 
DRILLINe 
Machines 
Uter 70 sizes and styles, for drilling either deep or 
(hallow wells In any kind of soil or rock. Mounted 
on wheels or on sills. With engines or horse powers. 
Strong, simple and durable. Any mechanic can 
operate them easily. Send for catalog. 
WIUbJAMS BROS., Ithiaoa. N. Y. 
Gold-Shell Rings. 
Most people like a 
nice ring. "We show 
three styles. These are 
made by drawing a 
shell of gold over a rod 
of composition metal. 
They are better and 
will wear longer than 
solid gold rings of a 
low carat. The retail 
price would he from 75 
cents to $1. "We will 
send one of these rings 
postpaid as a reward 
for sending one new subscription at $1. 
Cut a slip of paper the size of finger and 
send for size. 
A Carving Set. 
Every family needs a carving set three 
times a day. This set consists of a Shef¬ 
field caiver with eight-inch handmade 
steel blade, buckhorn handle, fork ana 
steel. Price, SI.90; or we will send it for 
a club of two new subscriptions at SI 
each and SI 25 extra money, or free for a 
club of six at SI each. 
