67o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
September 28 
Live Stockand Dairy 
WHEAT BRAN OR MIDDLINGS. 
Do Cows Need So Much Protein ? 
Pakt I. 
At the suggestion of several readers 
in Connecticut we sent the following 
letter to Prof. T. L. Haecker, of Min¬ 
nesota. His answer will doubtless in¬ 
terest many Eastern readers: 
“Some of our subscribers in Connec- 
ticuit heard you talk on the dairy cow 
last year or the year before. Among 
other statements, they isay that you 
advocated the use of coarse bran in 
the place of middlings. One man says 
he heard you say that you would not 
take middlings as a gift, or words to 
that effect. A vast quantity of mid¬ 
dlings is fed to COW'S in Connecticut, 
and you have stirred these feeders up 
with your statements regarding bran. 
Will you tell us just why you consider 
bran so much better than middlings? 
If these men are wrong in feeding 
middlings, they want to know it.” 
What I said on the subject of feeding 
during my visit in Connecticut was 
based (Upon the generaHly accepited) 
feeding standard suggested by the 
German scientists, though I have no 
recollection of making the statement 
quoted in your letter. We are fortu¬ 
nately learning something, and it is 
quite likely that if I were to speak to 
Connecticut farmers at any time in the 
future on the feeding problem, 1 would 
treat the subject differently. In all 
our agricultural literature bearing up¬ 
on feeding, it is claimed that a cow 
needs daily at the rate of 2.5 pounds 
of digestible protein per 1,000 pounds 
live weight; that of this amount .7 
pound is needed to support the body, 
iTjnd that the remainder is for the pro¬ 
duction of milk. Since the establish¬ 
ment of American experiment stations 
the feeding standard suggested by Dr. 
Wolff, a German scientist, haJs been in 
common use, and, indeed, has been the 
basis upon which advanced methods 
of feeding have rested. 
With a few exceptions, the dairy herd 
at the Minnesota Experiment Station 
has been fed on what is termed a bal¬ 
anced ration since Its establishment, 10 
year® ago, and, judging from the results 
obtained in amount of milk and butter 
fat yielded by the cows, and the cost of 
production, the balanced ration was fol¬ 
lowed by a far greater return than was 
obtained by haphazard methods of 
feeding. During the Winter of 1894-’9B 
several feeding experiments were car¬ 
ried on, which happened to cause a de¬ 
viation from the feeding standards. The 
first instance was in the Autumn of 
1894, when the grain ration for the 
dairy herd was ground wheat only. 
This was followed by an experiment 
covering 84 days, comparing ground 
barley ana corn with ground wheat;. 
and then followed another covering 70 
days, comparing Timothy witn prairie 
hay. This last experiment closed April 
21, or only two weeks before the cows 
were turned out to pasture. While 
there was no real definite information 
obtained in comparing the different 
foodstuffs, incidentally some very valu¬ 
able data was obtained bearing upon the 
protein requirements of dairy cows. 
This data and that obtained from the 
herd during the last Winter is published 
in Bulletin No. 71, just issued from the 
dairy division of the Station. The data 
Included all work done in 286 days, and 
show that the cows at the Station need 
less protein than is claimed in the feed¬ 
ing standards. To show the daily con¬ 
sumption of protein by each cow, the 
yield of milk, its average of butter fat, 
and the average yield of butter, we pre¬ 
sent the following table, which is for 
the last period, or 70 days, ending April 
21, 1895. The figures represent pounds 
and decimal of a pound: 
Per 
Protein 
Milk 
cent 
Butter 
Cow. 
daily. 
daily. 
fat. 
fat. 
Beckley ... 
.1.68 
13.17 
5.6 
.736 
Countess .. 
.2.40 
41.80 
2.5 
1.061 
Houston .. 
.2.14 
24.88 
5.4 
1.340 
Lou . 
.2.21 
31.46 
3.7 
1.154 
Olive . 
.1.67 
21.20 
4.1 
.884 
Reddy . 
.1.69 
14.49 
5.2 
.755 
Belle . 
.1.76 
19.38 
4.1 
.808 
Lydia . 
.2.26 
27.98 
3.6 
.999 
Quldee .... 
.1.85 
25.81 
3.5 
.902 
Sweet B.... 
.2.21 
26.09 
5.3 
1.379 
Topsy . 
.2.59 
40.82 
3.7 
1.492 
Tricksey .. 
.1.56 
15.73 
5.3 
.840 
Average . 
.2.00 
25.23 
4.1 
1.029 
The table shows that there was only 
one cow in the herd that used as much 
as 2.5 pounds of protein daily, that one 
received 1.56 pounds, that the herd re¬ 
ceived an average of two pounds, and 
yielded daily a little over 25 pounds of 
milk and one pound of butter fat. 
A SILO FILLING TRUCK. 
Several years ago I built a silo, and to 
obviate so much labor loading the corn 
in the field, I built a truck after my own 
ideas, one that I think serves the pur¬ 
pose as well and better than any 1 ever 
saw, for several reasons. First, it is 
low, being only 26 inches from the 
ground to the top of the skids that carry 
the load; second, it cost very little, is 
strong, and will last until the axle 
wears out. The two pieces, A and B, 
are 3x6 oak, about 14 feet long, 12 
inches wide where they rest on the axle. 
The axle and wheels are an Osborne 
binder truck. The pieces are beveled on 
the inside at the front, so they fit to¬ 
gether nicely, and bolted together with 
two half-inch bolts. A piece of four- 
inch tire is then used. Split one end 12 
inches back, open the two pieces until 
they fit under the two pieces A and B, 
and punch two holes in each piece of 
iron to bolt under the end of A and B. 
Then bend iron up and forward, leav¬ 
ing upright portion 12 inches, and for¬ 
ward long enough to go over axle tree 
of wagon, same as forward end of coup¬ 
ling pole works, and punch hole for 
body bolt to pass through. This iron 
should be one inch thick, as it carries 
more than half the weight of load. Put 
an eye bolt in back end of A and B, and 
hook in each skid, so the load may be 
dumped if necessary. Skids are 3x6 oak 
also, and 12 feet long, with three or four 
pieces framed in to keep them on their 
edge, and also furnish rests for three or 
four boards which should run lengthwise 
to serve as a bottom to prevent corn 
falling through. 
In back end of skids bore inch holes, 
and put in three-quarter-inch iron rods 
three feet long for standards. Nail two 
pieces of six-inch board on In front to 
serve same purpose. The back ends of 
pieces A and B are fastened to truck by 
%-Inch bolt passing down through, and 
nut underneath. C is a piece of iron %x 
1% inch, bent and bolted to A or B for 
slide-bar of wagon to work through, to 
hold up the tongue. This truck can be 
used behind the front wheels of any 
wagon, and coupled or uncoupled as 
readily as the hind wheels. To dump 
load, tie the two ends of a rope to the 
back ends of skids, before loading be¬ 
gins. Lay each rope along bottom of 
wagon to front, and make fast while 
loading. To dump, carry the double of 
rope back over load and fasten to a rope 
or chain that must be tied to a post ar 
stake in the ground. When Med drive 
team up and let skids dump. Put your 
double rope back on skids, and go for 
another load while that one is being cut. 
A load is about one ton. n. s. 
Glendale, Md. 
Wnnjr you writ* advortisors mention The 
11. N.-T. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee8th page. 
Breeders’ Directory 
DORSET SHEEP AND DOGS. 
The pugnacity of the Dorset depends 
altogether upon the object. I do not 
find them cross or quarrelsome toward 
men, women or children, nor do they 
fight much among themselves. A lot of 
rams turned together will fight a few 
battles until they have settled among 
themselves the question of precedence, 
and after that they will live peaceably, 
whereas Merinos, I think, never cease 
their battles. The fighting of dogs is 
rather more a characteristic of the Dor¬ 
set ewe than of the ram, and no doubt 
she is emboldened to defend her off¬ 
spring by the fact that nature has pro¬ 
vided her with weapons, and that with 
her two little horns she can strike quite 
an effective blow. I think perhaps this 
warlike spirit comes from her exceed¬ 
ingly strong maternal instincts, these 
instincts being stronger perhaps among 
Dorsets than among any other sheep. 
Yet it is true that they will make a bold 
stand against dogs when they have no 
lambs with them at all. The Dorset is 
not “dog-proof,” and I have known of 
a number of instances of their being 
killed by dogs; rather I Should say I 
have read of such instances. In our own 
experience our Dorsets, living among 
hundreds of worthless curs (I live near 
a darky settlement) have never suffered 
the least damage from dogs, although 
now and then a sheep has disappeared 
bodily from the pastures. I think the 
truth is, that if a sheep will stand and 
make a show of fight the dogs are too 
cowardly to attack, aEhough in the case 
of old sheep-killers, I cannot doubt that 
they would destroy even Dorset sheep. 
Eight years ago I was first attracted 
to the Dorset sheep by the claims then 
made that they were “dog-proof,” and 
I did not then dare to stock the farm 
with any other kind of Sheep. I was so 
anxious for the “dog-proof” qualities 
that I would have been willing to have 
taken sheep if they had had almost no 
other good attributes, but the more 1 
have become acquainted with the Dorsets 
the more prominent the other good qual¬ 
ities have become, and the less I think 
of their “dog-proofness,” although I still 
consider that a very important point. I 
have never observed any battles among 
the ewes, although someitimes one will 
bunt another two or three times for fun. 
But I have observed that it is not a good 
plan to have yearling ewes running in 
the barn with older ewes and their little 
lambs, for if the little lamb should get 
in the way of the yearlings, especially 
about the racks or troughs, it might get 
a knock that would cripple it. I have 
not known older ewes to hurt the little 
things, but the yearlings are as yet un¬ 
acquainted with maternal solicitations. 
JOSEPH E. WING. 
Horse Owners Should. Uso 
QOMBATJLT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
The Great French Veterinary Remedy. 
A SAFE, SPEEDY AND 
POSITIVE CURE. 
Prepared 
exolusire- 
h by J. E. 
uombanit 
ei-Veteri- 
naiT Sur¬ 
geon to the 
French 
Govern- 
maut Stud 
SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY OF FIRING 
Impossible to produce any scar or blemish. The 
safest best Blister erer used. Takes the place 
of all liniments for mild or severe action. Bern ^vea 
all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses or Oattlr 
As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheumatism, 
Sprains, Sore Throat, Etc., it is invaluable. 
UfC PIIIDIIITCC that one tablnspoonfnl of 
Vf t UUAtlAn ICC caustic balsam wm 
produce more actual results than a whole bottle of 
any liniment or spavin cure mixture ever made. 
Every bottle of Caustic Balsam soldisWarran 
ted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50 per bottle. Sold 
by dmi;gi8tR. or sent by express, charges paid, with full 
directions for itsjise. Send for descriptive circulars, 
testimonials, etc^ A'l'l^ess 
THE LAWREN OS^VILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland. Ohio 
JERSEY BULL 
Tearllngr—registered, from a great show cow; ah 
most faultless, by a producing sire Farmer’s prlcn 
B. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty 81., Pittsburg Pa. 
123 HOLSTEINSr,S 
DBIHHUBST FARMS, Mentor. Ohio. 
CnD CAI C—holstein-frie- 
rUn MllLla 8IAN8. Two registered Bulls, 
ready for service. Above from best families. Write for 
breeding and prices. W. W. CHENEY, Manlins.N.T . 
Holsteln-Friesian Bull 
ready for seryloe, and a fine lot of Bull Calves. Best 
of breeding, and from deep producing families. 
C. K. BKCOBD, Peterboro, N. Y. 
F or sale—T horoughbred 
HOLSTEIN-FKIESIAN CATTLE 
Of the best families. Also, 30 high-bred Bnlis at 
reasonable prices. Write the MAPLES STOCK 
FARM, Binghamton, N. Y., WM. Rood, Prop 
Short-horn and Polled Durham 
Calves, must go. Bulls, $26.50; Heifers, $18.50; crated, 
mos. SHOKMAKKH & CO., llarrodsburg. Ky. 
American Duroc-Jerseys 
sows, eligible to registry; also a few blgb-grade 
Shropshire Ram Lamhs. Prices reasonable. 
S. S. PUCKETT, Lynchburg, Ohio. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires and C. Whites. 
Choice Pigs. 8 weeks old, mated not 
ak'ii. Bred Sows and Service Boars. 
POULTRY. Write for hard tlm%s 
prices and free circular. 
HAMILTON & CO., Rosenwlck, Chester Co., Pa. 
F' h OC hi ■ 1*0 choice Fall Pigs, pairs not 
akin; five boars lit for ser¬ 
vice; sow in farrow. 50 Indian Kunner Ducks 
R. D. BUTTON & SON, Cottons, N. Y. 
French Coach Horses 
Four Registered French Coach Mares and one Stal¬ 
lion. Prize-winners at one-half value for quick 
sales. E. 8. AKIN, Scipio, N. Y. 
IlillaADJI fSfl Bucks, good 
imuiinfl UUA I O stock, low prices. Large 
circular for stamp. KD. W. COLE CO.. Kenton, O. 
RAMS 
llciiea. 
—A choice lot of Delaine and 
Black-Top Rams and Ewes 
to select from, will be sold 
_ cheap. Correspondence so- 
M. C. MULKIN, Friendship. N. Y. 
W OODLAND FARM 
DORSETS. 
We have a tine lot of young DORSETS — Bam 
Lambs ready for service. We believe them the best 
lot we have ever seen. JOSEPH E. WING, 
WILLIS O. WING, 
Mechanlcsburg, Ohio. 
Oflflfl VKBBBTS. Flrat-olass stock. Boms 
hUVU Trained. New prloe-Ust free. 
H. A. KNAPP, Rochester, Lorain Co., O 
CCDDCTQ-CHOICE STOCK for sale at all times 
rtnriLIO New book sent free. Address 
W. J. WOOD, New London, Ohio. 
Death to LIca 
D. J. LAMBERT 
on Hens and Chick 
64-page Book FREE. 
, Box307, Apponang, B. I. 
s. 
VICTOR 
W INCUBATORS 
Hatch every fertile egg. Simpleet, 
moat durable, oheapeat flrat*claM 
hatcher. Moneybaoklf notpoeitlvely 
a« repreaented. Ciroaiar free; eats- 
logne 6o. 6B0. KETBL CO,, Q«1b«7» ID. | 
White Wyandottes and White Plymouth Rocks. 
I am now ready to ship pullets and cockerels for 
those who wish to exhibit at shows or to Improve 
their stock by show blood. Prices reasonable for 
quality. WARREN WHITE. 
Normandy Farms. Newton Highlands, Mass. 
Ue.T«, Congh, Dli- 
Gmper and IndigwUoB Cure. 
A veMrinary ipeoiflo for vind, 
throat and itomaoh (roubles 
Strong roeommends. 
oaD. Dealers, mail or Rx.p{ud. 
Kewton Horse Remedy Co. 
( T) Toledo. ObU. 
Cure Barren Animals 
THE LOSS SAVED IS CLEAR PROFIT. 
Others Cure their Animals. WHY BUTCHER yonrs 7 
Thousands of cows, mares, sows, etc., restored to 
breeding In the past 20 years. The best stock farms 
in the world are our patrons, why not you 1 ABOR¬ 
TION : Every cow that aborts should be treated with 
this remedy. You cannot afford to experiment, 
profit by the experience of expert breeders. Treat¬ 
ment by mall, $1.10. Other remedies just as reliable. 
Ask for circulars any way. 
MOORE BROS., Veterinary Surgeons, Albany, N.Y 
BRAND NEW STEEL R00FIN6 
Booght at Baceivers’ Bale 
Sbaats althaff fiat, oorru- 
gatei or “V” crimps Ko 
tools except a hatobetor 
hammer Is needed to lay 
the rooflji^g. We 
■ '^ordo! 
