734 
October 26 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Live Stock and Dairy 
>>.• 
THE CATTLE IN THE PAN-AMERICAN 
MODEL DAIRY. 
Readers of live stock and agricul¬ 
tural journals in the United States have 
been informed for several months that 
a so-called “Model Dairy” is in opera¬ 
tion on the Pan-American Exposition 
grounds at Buffalo. The milk for this 
dairy is supplied from five cows each of 
the following breeds; Ayrshire, Brown 
Swiss, Dutch Belted, French Canadian, 
Guernsey, Holstein-Friesian, Jersey, 
Polled Jersey, Short-horn and Red Poll. 
These cows are supposed to be good rep¬ 
resentatives of the breeds. In part only 
the breeding associations selected the 
animals to be used in the test, and 
neither the American Jersey Cattle Club 
nor the Holstein-Friesian Association 
of North America supervised the selec¬ 
tion of Jersey or Holstein. These were 
contributed by the Dominion Govern¬ 
ment of Canada, as were also the Ayr- 
shires. Short-horns and French Cana¬ 
dians. 
These 50 cows have been kept in the 
Model Dairy building on the Exposition 
grounds since May 1, and have lived 
from month to month in the stalls. 
They are protected from visitors by 
woven wire fencing, and each herd is 
in charge of a herdsman who supervises 
the feeding and care. A record is kept 
of the daily food of each kind fed each 
cow; all the milk drawn is weighed and 
sampled, and tested for its butter-fat 
content, and various other records are 
kept to throw light on the relationship 
of consumption to production. While 
the original idea was simply to main¬ 
tain a model dairy at the Exposition, 
tne fact that different breeds supplied 
the milk, with equal representation in 
each, soon reduced the trial to a breed 
contest. This was not at all the pur¬ 
pose contemplated by some of the per¬ 
sons interested. While the Guernseys, 
for example, have been leaders in the 
records, Guernsey breeders did not un¬ 
derstand that their cattle were to be 
placed in a breed trial, and did not en¬ 
ter them with this purpose in view. The 
conditions, however, made it a test, 
whether the breeder desired it so or not. 
The writer has been interested in the 
work of these cows, and has had the 
privilege of making fairly careful per¬ 
sonal examinations of most of the cows 
in the barn. This examination con¬ 
vinced me that while the Jerseys and 
Holsteins were fair specimens of these 
breeds, without doubt cows of much 
more capacity than these Canadian 
cows, in fact, better representatives, 
could easily have been found in the Uni¬ 
ted States. The Holsteins certainly 
lacked the general size and capacity of 
the best individuals of the breed. The 
Ayrshires are a grand lot, and represent 
perhaps the choicest collection in the 
barn of any breed. The Short-horns 
were fair specimens, but better types of 
milking Short-horns should have been 
found in Canada. They certainly are 
there. 
The amount and kind of foods fed the 
different breeds, depends upon the per¬ 
sons in charge of each breed. The 
Guernsey people, for example, can feed 
what they wish, and the Brown Swiss 
may feed quite differently. The feed 
for the cows is kept under lock and key 
in the care of a man who issues it, and 
charges the same to the cow for which 
it is intended. A schedule of prices for 
the different feeding stuffs is adopted, 
that has a general application to all the 
animals. A careful study of the official 
report of the foods consumed by each 
breed, and the cost of the same, makes 
interesting reading. In the latest rec¬ 
ord available a;t my command (for the 
week ending September 24) it is shown 
that all the cows were fed hay, green 
fodder, silage, bran and gluten. Nine 
breeds ate cornmeal, six oats, nine lin¬ 
seed meal and six cotton-seed meal. The 
.Jerseys, Brown Swiss, Red Polls and 
Dutch Belted were all fed these differ¬ 
ent feeds. No cornmeal was fed the 
French Canadians, no oats to Guernsey, 
Ayrshire, Short-horn or French Cana¬ 
dian; no linseed meal to Ayrshire, nor 
cotton-seed meal to Ayrshire, Holstein, 
Polled Jersey or French Canadian. The 
Ayrshire and French Candian during 
tnis week had the simplest diet. This 
week’s record showed the lowest cost of 
food the French Canadian, $4.10, and the 
highest the Holstein, $6.62. 
In feeding the cows, some of the feed¬ 
ers at least study the economy of food, 
and feed with the view of showing the 
greatest net profit in butter production, 
or in total solids in the milk. It did not 
matter so much what the cost of the 
food was, if after it was deducted from 
the value of products, a good net profit 
remained. The Holsteins are big eat¬ 
ers, but they are also large producers, 
and this week they made a net profit in 
butter of $7.28; but the Jerseys made 
$7.41, the Ayrshires $7.36 and the Guern¬ 
seys $7.26. Among the poorest records, 
the Dutch Belted lead with $^1.96, with 
the Polled Jersey next with a i*ecord of 
$5.30. During this week of feeding the 
Short-horns ate 301 pounds of hay and 
green fodder, by far the most of any one 
breed, while the Red Polls ate but 90 
pounds. The latter breed, however, con¬ 
sumed heavily of silage, eating 2,122 
pounds, the next greatest arnount being 
1,986 pounds eaten by the Brown Swiss, 
while the smallest amount, 1,445 pounds, 
was eaten by the Ayrshires. This shows 
that the Red Polls ate about 60% pounds 
of silage a day per head, while the Ayr¬ 
shires consumed about 41 pounds. Hay, 
fodder, silage, bran and gluten are 
shown to be the staples relied on. Bach 
breed was fed bran fairly heavily, but a 
wide difference prevailed m the use of 
gluten. About 1% pound of gluten was 
fed each Jersey per day, while five 
pounds were fed the Holsteins and 
nearly 4% pounds a day to the Short¬ 
horns. So near as I can figure it out, 
each Holstein cow ate daily for the 
week ending September 24, essentially 
the following amounts of feed in 
pounds: Hay and green fodder, six; si¬ 
lage, 58%; bran, four; cornmeal, one- 
half pound; oats, two; gluten, five; lin¬ 
seed meal, 1%; a total of 77% pounds 
of which the grain comprised 13 pounds. 
Such a ration cannot be called a small 
one, yet it was fed with much profit to 
the cows, as the records show. The 
three great standbys with each feeder 
are apparently, silage, bran and gluten, 
and all persons familiar with feeding 
dairy cattle realize that these are the 
best of foods for producing milk fiow 
rather than fiesh. 
The best cow of any breed in the mat¬ 
ter of profit is the Guernsey cow Mary 
Marshall, for she has had top rank near¬ 
ly all the time during the test. The 
Red Poll cow May Flower is a very ex¬ 
cellent worker, and so also is the Jer¬ 
sey, Primrose Park’s Pride. The Red 
Poll breed has surprised some people in 
the showing they have made, which is 
very creditable, but it is entirely in har¬ 
mony with Red Poll records in England 
and America. One thing in connection 
with this test that is of interest, is the 
fact that the Guernseys and Jerseys 
made the best record at the Columbian 
Exposition in 1893, the Jersey slightly 
leading. The writer believes that the 
American Jersey Cattle Club could have 
selected cows that would have done 
much better than those representing the 
breed at present, animals that could 
have led in this breed exhibition. 
The Model Dairy has been an interest¬ 
ing exhibition, but it really has demon¬ 
strated nothing conclusive on the breed 
question. To be sure it has shown what 
representatives of the different breeds 
can do, but it has not been demon¬ 
strated that some of these breeds could 
not do still better, and make records 
that would cause a general readjust¬ 
ment of the breed rating. One interest¬ 
ing feature of the test is to demonstrate 
that dairy cows can be kept under very 
unfavorable conditions, on a fair 
grounds amid great excitement, and 
during extremely hot Summer weather, 
and surrounded by a multitude of fiies, 
and yield a good profit in production 
over cost of feed. If such satisfactory 
results can be secured in a place like 
that at Buffalo, then considerably bet¬ 
ter returns should be obtained from 
fairly good animals under suitable home 
surroundings. c. s. plumb. 
A Few More Oho Rogues. 
We herewith include list of violations 
for oleomargarine and condensed milk. 
Two of the oleomargarine cases were 
against New Jersey wagon men. In the 
case of Dunn & Sullivan they forfeited 
their bail on the day set for trial, their 
counsel intimating that he was unable 
to bring the defendants over from New 
Jersey, as they feared imprisonment. 
The other seven oleomargarine cases 
were against storekeepers. The con¬ 
densed milk penalties were imposed for 
violations of the branding law. The 
condensed milk was placed upon the 
market without having the name of the 
manufacturer upon its label. 
OLEOMARGARINE. 
Michael Moriarty, 116 Greenwich Ave., 
New York City; $50. 
John Bremmer, 485 Columbus Ave., New 
York City; $25. 
Henry Dunker, 3009 Third Ave., Nev.- 
York City; $25 and costs. 
Henry Dunker, 3009 Third Ave, Nev, 
York City; $100 and costs. 
Wm. Hayes, 644 Third Ave., New York 
City; $25 and costs. 
Henry W. Mehrtens, 303 B. 25th St., New 
York City; $50 and costs. 
Bernard Levy, 705 Grand St., Brooklyn; 
$50 and costs. 
WAGONS. 
Dunn & Sullivan, Jersey City, N. J. For¬ 
feited $1,000 ball. 
George Keller, 98 Newark Ave., Jersey 
City; $200 or 60 days. 
CONDENSED MILK. 
(Violation of the Branding Law.) 
Henry Nestle Co., New York City; $100. 
Scranton Dairy Co., New York City; $300 
Strait Brothers, New York City; $100. 
Vermont Milk Co., New York City; $100. 
John M. Chapman Co., New York City: 
$100. F. J. II. KRACKE. 
Assistant Commissioner. 
Korse Owners Sliould. XJ©o 
QOMBATJLT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
The Great French Veterinary Remedy^ 
A SAFE, SPEEDY AND 
POSITIVE CURE. 
Prepared 
exclaeiTe- 
ly by J. E. 
Gombanlt 
ei-Veteri- 
nary Sur- 
- geontothe 
French 
Govern- 
mant Stud 
SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY OP FIRING 
Impossible to produce any scar or blemish. The 
safest best Blister ever used. Takes the place 
of all liniments for mild or severe action. Rem ves 
all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses or Cattlr, 
As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheumatism, 
Sprains, Sore Throat, Etc., it is invaluable, 
life PllADJmTCC that one tablespoonful of 
nt uUAnAN i tC caustic balsam wiit 
produce more actual results than a whole bottle of 
any liniment or spavin cure mixture ever made. 
Every bottle of Caustio Balsam sold is Wanan 
ted to give satisfaction. Price S1.50 per bottle. Bold 
by druggists, or sent by express, charges paid, with full 
directions for its^ttse. Bend for d«8criptive ciroulara. 
testimonials, et<v Address 
THE LAWRENCE.MTLLIAMS CO., Cleveland. Ohio 
Death to Lice 
on HENS and CHICKS. 
(i4-page book FREE. 
LAMBERT. BOX 307, Apponaug, U. I. 
NEWTON’S VorHeavef 
CURE. Use«l.ize 
For Distemper, Coug^li, Worm 
Eipeller and Conditioner, a 
60c. .ize. Strongrecommendi 
Dealers or delivered. Newton 
Horse Rem. Co.{ r IToledo, O 
Breeders’ Directory 
JERSEY BULL 
TeKrllng—registered, from a great show cow; al¬ 
most faultless, by a producing sire Farmer's price 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
ST. LAMBERT and Combination. For sale 7 Cows, 
U Heifers, 25 Bulls. 8. K. NlVlN, Landenbnrg, Pa. 
123 HOLSTEINSloVi:^ 
DBLLHORST FARMS, Mentor. Ohio. 
FOR SALE 
—PUREBRED HOLSTKIN-FRIE- 
ready for service. Above from best families. Write for 
breeding and prices. W. W. CHENEY, Manlius,N.Y. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull 
ready for serrice, and a fine lot of Bull Calves. Best 
of breeding, and from deep producing families. 
C. K. RECORD, Peterboro. N. T. 
rnn P*| Bull Sir Tanga- 
rUn OALL noxle No. 26210 H.F.H. B. First Prize 
Winner. Beautiful animal; good-natured. Age, 
two years nine months. ORMSBV HILL FARM, 
E. W. SCUDCUAIIUT, Mgr. Manchester, Vt. 
F oe sale—T horoughbred 
HOLSTEEN-FBIESIAN CATTLE 
Of the best families. Also, 80 high-bred Bulls at 
reasonable prices. Write the MAPLES STOCK 
FARM, Binghamton, N. Y., WM. ROOD, Prop 
Short-horn and Polled Durham 
Calves, must go. Bulls, $26.50; Heifers, $18.50; crated, 
3to6mo8. SHOEMAKER & CO., Harrodsburg, Ky. 
■DOZENDALE HERD Brown Swiss Cattle. 
Calves of both sexes for sale. Milk and butter 
strain. D. H. COOK, M. D., Albany, N. Y. 
"Derkshlre, P. China and C. White Pigs; all ages; 
eligible toregister, $5ea. andnp. AlsoB. P.Rocks 
and W. Holland Turkeys. W. A. Lothers, Lack, Pa 
DDHi ICin P \A/1 |JC~’**>ree BOWS just farrowed 
rnULiriU OIYIIIL U. m and 12 pigs. The 
Cheshlres are as kind and good milkers as they 
are prolific. $.'500 from one sow. Illustrated Cata¬ 
logue—History of Breed, Methods of Feeding—sent 
for 2c. stamp. C. E. CHAPMAN, Peruvllie, N. Y. 
Reg. P. Chinas, BerKshires and C-. Whiles. 
- Choice Pigs. 8 weeks old, mated not 
ak n. Bred Sows and Service Boars. 
POULTRY. Write for hard tlm*8 
prices and free circular. 
HAMILTON & CO., Kosciiwick, Chester Co., Pa. 
Get my prices before buying, 
l" I eXS Illustrated Book free. 
;0. E. UE.MENWAY, Box K, New London, O. 
PrnnrTP— CHOICE stock for sale at all times 
iLnilLlu New book sent free. Address 
W. J. WOOD, New London, Ohio. 
on fin ferrets, Flnt-olasi itook. Boms 
fCUUU Tr&mau. New prlee-Uat free. 
N. A. KNAPP. Rochester, Loralu Co., O 
■ miflpB pilBTQ—Delaine Bucks, good 
AimUnil IIUH I V stock, low prices. Large 
circular for stamp. ED. W. COLE CO.. Kenton, O. 
SHROPSHIRES. 
A few Yearling Rams left; they are bargains to 
quick buyers. Also In lamb Kw'es at reasonable prices 
J. C. DUNCAN, Wawanund Faim, Lewiston, N. V. 
RAMS 
,—Wool-Mutton, Golden 
Fleece Shropshires. Special 
low prices now. Catalogue 
47 free. Write to-day. 
.MAPLEWOOD STOCK FARM, Maplewood, Mich. 
m m if A choice lot of Delaine and 
Za ll/l Black-Top Rams and Ewes 
JL XTA to select from, will be sold 
cheap. Correspondence so¬ 
licited. M. C. MULKIN, Friendship, N. Y. 
Cheviot Sheep. 
We have 50Thoroughbred Cheviot Sheen for si.le 
at reasonable prices, both Ewe and Ram Lambs, 
yearlings and full-aged, thatonly need to be seen to 
be appreciated. Good-sized and hardy; all reg stered 
In the American Sheep Society. 
Eureka Stock and Poultry Farm, 
HENRY VAN DHE8ER, Proprietor, 
COBLESKILL, N. Y. 
CATUE WATERING BASINSV 
ilfi Ilexes 
victor 
W INCUBATORS 
Hatch every fertile egg. Bimplert, 
molt durable, cheapest finVolaie 
batcher. Money back if not pealtlTelj | 
M repreiented. Gironlar free; eata* | 
loffae 9o. tiXO. XBTXL CO., <)«lBey, ML i 
IT WILL PAY YOU 
to send for our new poult^ book den 
Sf.;"’" ' DAHDY?.'‘rCUTTER 
It tells how to increase the egg ymld. 
.— The Dandy, the easiest turn- 
Ingof all bone cutters, is sold,j 
i on 30 days’ trial. Price, $5 up. 
llumisoiiic Book Free. 
1 Every 
Hen a 
Paying 
Hen 
^OU FEED RAW CUT BONE. Nothing produces eggs or Promotes 
loes as good work as Mann’’s Bone Cutter Model 
design, open hopper, enlarged table, "ewdevice to control feed. 
t to suit any strength. Never cl ogs. Senton TEN DAYS rKfeE IKlAUii 
loney asked fOTuntil j^u prove cur guarantee on yourown “V! 
□ y kind of bone with adherinz meal andgristle, faster and easier and *“ ^“1' “J,*!* 
type of bone cutter. If von don’t like it, send it ban^t our expen^ 
■VV MTAIWIV dSs OO-, BoaK XS MlXTox-c*, 
'jlan^cturers of Clover Cutters, Granite Crystal Grit, Corn Shellers, etc. 
TVCcboi. 
