742 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
November 2 
MOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS. 
Golden Rod and Wild Asters. —One 
of the many compensations for the past 
rainy growing season is found in the 
brilliant display of golden rod and hardy 
Asters just closing. These beautiful 
wild flowers, lining the roadsides and 
covering waste uplands, have never 
bloomed to greater advantage. We ex¬ 
pect a good show of yellow, white and 
purple from these Autumn bloomers in 
moist places every year, but the rainy 
Summer put such vigor in the species 
growing on hillsides where they are 
usually dwarfed by drougiit that the at¬ 
tention of the most casual visitor is 
arrested by the masses of blooms. The 
multitude of species contained in Aster 
and Solidago, the genera including the 
starworts and golden rods respectively, 
is so great and the specific distinctions 
often so obscure that only a careful bo¬ 
tanist can distinguish them apart. Some 
few of the most showy kinds have got 
into cultivation, and in every case seem 
flavor is peculiar, and rather acid, but 
is enjoyed by many when fully softened 
and just on the verge of decay. The 
medlar is very hardy as to tree, and may 
be planted up to tue Canada border 
without fear of cold, but it requires a 
fair season of growth to mature the 
fruits, which are excessively hard and 
acrid up to the point of softening after 
being gathered. Medlar trees grow 12 
to 15 feet high, and are very twiggy and 
tough-woodeu. The foliage is luxuriant 
and handsome, having a soft woolly ef¬ 
fect, while the large white flowers ap¬ 
pear late in May. The trees are grown 
from seeds which are hard and slow to 
germinate. Choice varieties are grafted 
on various thorns, and also on pear and 
quince stocks as well as budded or graft¬ 
ed on their own seedlings. The fruits are 
used for preserving as well as eating in 
their natural state. The culture re¬ 
quires no special care, as they thrive 
wherever pears or apples do well. The 
Japanese loquat is often erroneously 
called a medlar, but it has no affinity to 
the true species. It is a tropical fruit, 
and can only be cultivated under glass 
in the North. The botanical name is 
Eriobotrya Japonica. Some of the Japan 
thorn-apples of the genus Photinia have 
been termed medlars with more pro¬ 
priety than the loquat, as they are more 
nearly allied to the real Mespilus, but 
none produces fruit of culinary value. 
They resemble the Mountain ash to 
llOLLANDAISE AND ROYAD VARIETIES OF MEDLAR. 
Fig. 336. 
improved by the change. Aster Novie- 
Angliae is most commonly planted, and 
has broken from the purple of its wild 
state to a very pretty rose color, as well 
as white. Any of the wild Asters or 
golden rods may soon come into general 
cultivation as popular taste for reliable 
hardy flowering plants increases. About 
the only golden rod now planted is Soli¬ 
dago Shortii, which grows nearly four 
feet high in good ground, and bears 
great panicles of bright yellow flowers 
in September. The Asters and golden 
rods may be found on all soils, from 
heavy muck and clay to barren sandy 
and gravelly slopes, and the different 
kinds vary as much in stature and sea¬ 
son of bloom. Some thrive in shade 
and others like full sunlight. A pleas¬ 
ant task awaits the cultivator who cares 
to study tne needs of these plants. 
Some Medlar Fruits. —Pew exhibits 
attracted more attention at the Fall 
show of the horticultural section of the 
American Institute, held September 24- 
26, than a collection of medlars in 
named varieties, contributed by Cornell 
University Experiment Station. The 
European medlar, Mespilus Germanica, 
is commonly cultivated abroad, but is 
almost unknown here. It may be liken- 
some extent and are not hardy north of 
Washington. Some are evergreen in 
character. P. villosa is a deciduous spe¬ 
cies, which has been grown successfully 
in Massachusetts. 
Interest in Catalpa Speciosa ap¬ 
pears to be very general, judging from 
the number of requests for the addres.s 
of the International Society of Arbori¬ 
culture received since the publication of 
the note on this valuable native tree, 
on page 646. Bulletin No. 1, devoted to 
Catalpa speciosa, may be had by ad¬ 
dressing the secretary of the Society, 
john P. Brown, Connersville, Ind. 
w. V. F. 
SOME IMPROVED PETUNIAS. 
Among the many new varieties or 
novelties among the common flowers of 
our garden, nothing that I have seen 
possesses so marked features or is more 
beautiful, than the Star Petunias grown 
by A. B. Howard, of Belchertown, Mass. 
Mr. Howard has devoted many years 
and a great deal of skill to improving 
the Petunia by hybridization and selec¬ 
tion, and has produced a variety of the 
greatest beauty and fixed characteristics 
coming true to the two types of “Star” 
and “Feathered Star” blossoms. The 
Petunia is the plant for the million, be¬ 
ing easily grown from seed, so hardy 
that it will Stand frosts both in the 
Spring and Fall, and producing flowers 
continuously from May to October, and 
when such strains as the above are used 
the effect even in conspicuous places is 
very beautiful. The criticism of the Pe¬ 
tunia so often made that it is a coarse 
and gaudy flower, only suitable for dis¬ 
tant effect, and that it has a cheap ap¬ 
pearance, does not apply to this strain, 
for the colors are so distinct and beau¬ 
tiful that there are few flowers that will 
produce such a blending with other or¬ 
namental plants, or that are more beau¬ 
tiful indiviuually, Mr. Howard’s dwarf 
Zinnias, upon which he has been at 
work for many years in the same way, 
have reached a degree of perfection 
found in no other strain, and when in¬ 
troduced to the public will add another 
valuable factor to our ornamental plant¬ 
ing that we do not now possess. I am 
sure all lovers of the truly beautiful 
will welcome and use both of these new 
strains largely in the future in their 
ornamental work. The flower is shown 
at Pig. 335, page 739. 
[Prof.] s. T. maynajrd. 
Amherst, Mass. 
Used and endorsed 
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re Him 
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Cri 
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botanically nearer to the thorns than tc 
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native to central Europe, is known, but 
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favorite kinds, Holiandaise on the left 
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These fruits are now just coming into 
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