1901 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
8o7 
HOPE FARM NOTES 
Fair Exchanges. —The miller offers to 
take my rye straw at $15 per ton in 
exchange for bran at $20. By delivering 
the straw in small lots to people who 
keep one or two horses I could get more 
for it, but the hauling would make about 
the difference. Figuring on this pro¬ 
posed exchange gives a pretty lesson in 
fertility and feeding values. Here are 
the figures to start with: 
FEEDIxN'G VALUES. 
POUNDS IN ONE TON. 
Protein. Carbohydrates. 
Wheat bran. 200 970 
Rye straw. 16 730 
Corn. 168 1,212 
FERTILIZI^’G VALUES. 
Fat. 
62 
8 
06 
POUNDS IN ONE TON. PhOS- 
phoric 
Nitrogen. Potash. Acid. 
Wheat bran. 45 31 54 
Rye straw. 8 18 6 
Corn . 32 8 12 
In figuring the feeding values I have 
given only the parts that are digestible 
by the average animal. For example, 
in a ton of rye straw there are really 60 
pounds of protein, but the straw is so 
tough and hard that barely 16 pounds 
are digestible. Even if you could get 
an animal to eat a ton of the straw it 
would be too much like the man who 
drank a bucket of water to get one drink 
of whisky which some one had poured 
into it. I ought to get more than 1,500 
pounds of bran for a ton of the straw, 
but suppose I get only that much I re¬ 
ceive nearly 10 pounds of protein and 
six of fat for each one I send away. 
1 don’t bother about the carbohydrates, 
because the corn fodder furnishes plenty 
of them. I also get over four pounds of 
nitrogen, nearly nine of phosphoric acid 
and IVj of potash for each pound I sell 
in the rye straw. From both points of 
view it will pay to make the change. 
The Other Man! —But is not some one 
cheated in the bargain? Where can you 
find people who are foolish enough to 
make such a one-sided deal? The men 
who buy this straw are not farmers at 
all. They have small stable room, and 
the manure pile is a nuisance. They 
want rye straw because it is hard and 
tough, and does not break up readily. 
With care it can be used again and again 
as bedding, while the life of oat or 
wheat straw would be barely half as 
long. If they used these straws the 
manure pile would be twice as big and 
they would need twice the storage room. 
Nature gave the rye plant a tough, hard 
hide, and it holds the few pounds of 
fertility that it takes from the soil as a 
miser grips his few dollars! I never 
realized how tough rye straw is until my 
neighbor pulled down an old stone house 
in order to build a newer dwelling. That 
house was at least 150 years old. When 
it was built no cement or mortar was 
used—but clay and straw were packed 
between the stones! I got specimens of 
this clay in which the straw is still 
straight and tough! That makes me 
more and more inclined to get rye straw 
off the premises. It is too tough, and 
does not decay readily in the soil. I 
can’t wait a century for humus to decay! 
If it will hold the house together for 
150 years it will hold the mortgage 
on to the farm if you depend on it for 
manure! Plowing under rye straw is 
too much like the man who hid his 
talent in the ground. You will find it 
where you put it, instead of finding it 
in other crops. For every reason, then, 
it pays us to sell rye straw and buy 
grain. 
Selling Corn. —Why not sell corn too? 
I can get at least $26 a ton for shelled 
corn, and this would buy 2,600 pounds 
of bran. By doing this I would get two 
pounds of protein and less than one 
pound each of carbohydrate and fat in 
exchange for one pound of each in the 
corn. In fertility I would receive a little 
less than two pounds of nitrogen, five of 
potash and nearly six of phosphoric acid 
for each pound in the corn! The 2,600 
pounds of bran will make a better ra¬ 
tion fed with the stalks that produce this 
corn than the yellow grain would! There 
seems to be sound argument in favor of 
the change, but I do not expect to make 
it. Say what you will about corn, there 
is no grain so convenient to feed and 
so generally useful for all stock. When 
you feed it you know just what you are 
doing, because it does not vary. When 
you buy bran or other mill feed you may 
or you may not have what you order. 
I may exchange some corn for whole 
wheat, but the business of parting with 
this standard grain is very different 
from that of the rye straw. I claim 
that it will seldom pay an eastern 
farmer to sell corn. I would rather buy 
linseed and bran, and feed them with 
my corn to pigs. I feel sure that with 
roots, rape or clover to help out, the 
pigs will pay more for the corn than 
the miller will! 
“Scrooge Down.’’ —Last week I took 
the Sprout and the Bud up into Orange 
County, N. Y., to see O. W. Mapes, the 
hen man. These girls mean to start 
right with the Hope Farm poultry. I 
suppose Mr. Mapes has owned 50,000 dif¬ 
ferent hens during the past 12 years, 
and a feather’s weight of sound advice 
from him is worth a pound of talk 
from some “know-it-all.” I will tell you 
about the hens later, but here is the 
point I want to make this time. On the 
train coming home the conductor 
stopped and gazed at the Bud. When a 
man has been told that his daughter re¬ 
sembles him he appreciates such atten¬ 
tion—until he learns what it is all about. 
“How old is that child?” 
I began to see what was up, but there 
was no backing out. 
“She is seven years old!” 
“Then she will have to pay half fare!” 
There was no getting around it. Poor 
little Bud—your days of free passage are 
over! You are a citizen now in the eyes 
of the corporations! I paid the fare, 
and as my purse lightened my years 
seemed to grow heavy. There flashed 
into my mind a little incident that I 
had not recalled before in 30 years. 
Strange, how these little things flash 
out of the past. 
When I was a little boy I was “brought 
up” by an old couple who had some 
marked ideas of economy. Once, when 
1 was nearly 10 years old, I rode with 
the old lady on a railroad train. As 
the conductor came in sight this com¬ 
mand was sternly whispered to me: 
“Scrooge down! Scrooge down! So he 
will think you are too small to pay 
fare!” 
I ought to have been a hero and re¬ 
fused to “Scrooge.” In fact I suppose I 
should have stretched out an inch, but 
I was a cowed and homesick little boy, 
and I am ashamed to say that I did my 
best to shed flve years of growth! The 
conductor came and eyed me for full 
half a minute. A sharp elbow nudged 
my ribs. I knew that meant another 
“Scrooge” and I felt my little spine 
close up like a telescope. I saved the 
fare, but I lost self respect and courage 
which 20 years of pounding at the world 
hardly brought back. God help the chil¬ 
dren who are taught to “scrooge” and 
deny the truth about themselves. The 
world seems to have its fair share of 
people who, in order to save a few dol¬ 
lars, will obey the order to “scrooge 
down” and try to pass themselves with 
a spurious ticket. Some of these people 
I blame—others I do not, because I 
know what early example and “bring¬ 
ing up” will do for people. I am aware 
that I cut a poor flgure myself in this 
episode, so it Is not for me to criticise 
others. Had the Madame been in my 
place I think she would have tried to 
lengthen out an inch or two and given 
the old lady a piece of her mind to 
make the size more evident. There will 
be no “scrooging” around her! 
Questions. —What roots do you raise 
for Winter feeding? 
Yellow turnips. _ 
Are not sugar beets better? 
I am told so, but have never grown 
many. 
Why not? 
The chief reason is that the yellow 
turnips, with us, comes as a second 
crop. We can sow it after early peas, 
sweet corn or even early potatoes. The 
sugar beet requires a longer season, 
more care and is I think harder to 
grow. We feed most of these roots to 
the brood sows. 
What are these sows eating now? 
They have cabbage and flat turnips, 
with a fair feed of dried brewer’s grains 
and a few ears each day of nubbin corn. 
Next month we shall begin feeding lin¬ 
seed meal with cooked turnips. 
Why do you cook the turnips? 
Chiefly because it gives a warm break¬ 
fast. The turnips would do well fed 
raw, but when cooked, a strong and 
healthful soup may be made by adding 
bones or small pieces of lean meat. 
Do you not boil the small potatoes? 
Yes, but this Fall they are largely fed 
to the hens. They are boiled and 
mashed and mixed with dried brewer’s 
grains or bran, fed in the morning. 
Are you not afraid to feed corn to 
brood sows? 
No—not in small amounts when the 
sows have green feed like cabbage or 
rape. One trouble with corn for brood 
sows is the fact that it contains so 
little of the ash or bone-forming ele¬ 
ments. To offset this we keep constant¬ 
ly before the sows a box of wood ashes 
with which small quantities of salt and 
sulphur are mixed. 
Are you setting any trees this Fall? 
About 150 peach and 25 quince for the 
purpose of testing the Stringfellow 
method of Fall planting. 
Are you setting small peach trees? 
No, the largest we can get. I am now 
satisfled that the little June buds are 
too small for our use. 
Do you advise your friends to set trees 
on this Stringfellow plan? 
No—nor my enemies either! It will 
make one of the most interesting experi 
ments one can try. I shall plant more 
trees next year, but I do not yet know 
enough about it to give sound advice. 
How is your F'all seeding of grass and 
grain? 
Good. The Fall has been very dry, but 
our heavy soil holds moisture well and 
the crops have made a good start. 
Does the loss of your potato crop 
discourage you? 
Yes and no! I feel the loss of the 
crop sadly, but I am now well convinced 
that our hills are not well adapted to 
potato growing. Some of the lower flelds 
may answer, but as a whole the farm 
cannot compete with many others in po¬ 
tatoes. I am sorry, for the potato crop 
suits us well, but I feel sure that we can 
find others that will prove more profit¬ 
able and just as pleasant. 
How are Cow-horn turnips? 
Still thrifty. They look as though 
they might live till the middle of De¬ 
cember. The Crimson clover among 
them is thick and green. I call it a 
good mixture for a cover crop. 
H. W. 0. 
THE ESQUIMO 
The Esquimo eats blubber. 
Tlie lumbermen eat pork. 
These people are constantly 
exposed to cold and physical 
strain. Experience has taught 
them that fatty foods give 
warmth and nourishment. 
b'or those who have cold 
and thin bodies, or are threat¬ 
ened with consumption or any 
wasting disease, there is no fat 
m so digestible and palatable a 
form as Scott’s Emulsion. 
Physicians prescribe it. 
WcTi send you a liule to try, if you like. 
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Write and See. 
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NO MONEY IS WAN T E D. 
Simply write a postal for the book 
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My way is not less effective because I 
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I will send with the book also an or¬ 
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If it cures you, the cost will be $5.50. If 
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The book will tell you how my Re¬ 
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No matter what your doubts. Re¬ 
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Mild cases, not chronic, are often cured by one or 
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