1901 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
847 
DAIRY AMD FARM MOTES. 
Building a Dairy Barn. 
Part III. 
Cost and Convenience. —It is always 
useless to write about impossibilities 
when discussing questions from a busi¬ 
ness standpoint. Value comes to us not 
from what we know, but from its execu¬ 
tion. In talking about barns I hope the 
impression may not remain that build¬ 
ings must be expensive to be valuable. 
At the same time, remember that a good 
job cannot be done cheaply. I write for 
those like myself, who have moderate 
means. A lack of working capital is 
our greatest agricultural hindrance to¬ 
day. I have some ideas upon associated 
farming which in a way are being car¬ 
ried out on Union Home Farms, that I 
hope some time to put into print, that 
l)ear dij-ectly upon the point in question. 
Some of the most ill-planned and unsat¬ 
isfactory barn construction, particularly 
the stabling, has been upon farms owned 
by wealthy men. Return for a moment 
to the idea given on page 798 relative to 
disease. The question of temperature, 
as a rule, takes precedence over mois¬ 
ture, or, more clearly stated, farmers 
seem to think that an animal is under 
greater strain and discomfort out in the 
zero day even though the atmosphere is 
quite free from moisture, than upon a 
day 20 degrees warmer but in an atmos¬ 
phere full to saturation. In my judg¬ 
ment this premise is wrong, and I am 
not sure but it may be a cause of fre¬ 
quent cold and subsequent lung trouble 
and tuberculosis. 
Dampness and Duscomfort. —I have 
in inind the New Jersey cows one year 
ago during November and the first half 
of December, as seen from carriage and 
I’ailroad out of doors from early morn 
till close of day, and frequently all night 
unhoused, simply because it was not 
cold. Yet their attitude evidenced the 
fact that they were not comfortable; 
the cause, damp air. Arriving home 
about December 15 I found our section 
in the throes of midwinter weather and 
zero temperatures.' At this same time 
our own cows were far more comfort¬ 
able, housed in light, dry, warm stables, 
and anyone seeing the marked contrast 
in weather conditions would at first 
hardly believe my story, but I know I 
am right. Now this cool damp air is 
much the same, whether found in the 
outdoor air of the Middle Atlantic coast 
and adjacent regions, or in a cow stable 
anywhere, and our first effort should be 
to get rid of it. In my experience it has 
been difficult to build all parts equally 
satisfactory. There must be more or 
less subordination of the working parts, 
with some one feature leading. The 
leader on a dairy farm should always be 
the stable, for it is in use every day, and 
our machinery, which is locked up in 
the vitai force found there, if not in 
working condition develops friction and 
consequent loss. Hay storage, silos, 
granary and all appurtenances connected 
with the building must take second 
place. Since silage has come to be a 
dependent stock food the immense hay 
storage of former years has not been 
needed, and again early cutting of hay 
reduces space required. Not much more 
than half the space is required for stor¬ 
ing a given amount of food when cut 
before July 1 in our latitude as delayed 
three or four weeks. 
Lakor-Saving Designs. —This brings 
us to form. Shall the building be round, 
square or rectangular, with greater 
length than breadth? In some measure 
these questions are answerable only by 
(the builder, who should first study his 
needs and limitations. I have no experi¬ 
ence whatever with the round barn, and 
You have several neighbors 
and friends who need Thb 
R. N.-Y. We are going to 
help you to see that they get 
acquainted with it. if or our 
part we will send the paper 
to them now 10 weeks for 10 cents —a cent a week. 
We ask you to call their attention to this offer. 
Perhaps you can get up a club. The 23 largest 
clubs will ea«h get a cash premlom January 1 
Will you be one of them T 
10 Weeks 
for 
10 Cents. 
am therefore not qualified to discuss its 
merits or demerits. I have always 
studied to save steps in daily work 
about the barn, because what is per¬ 
formed daily, although the saving seems 
small at the time, may in the aggregate 
far outweigh some apparent extra cost 
in crop handling which comes but once 
a year. The diagram of the working 
parts of barn built in 1900, Fig. 382. 
may serve us best. First notice points 
of compass, giving a southern and west¬ 
ern stable exposure, admitting light and 
direct sun’s rays as previously mention¬ 
ed. It will be observed that the working 
parts are all upon the ground, quite 
contrary to the accepted designs for a 
strictly modern barn. I worked out this 
plan, however, after using for 12 years 
a two-story barn possessing equivalent 
or slightly greater capacity, and the use 
of the two barns under quite similar de¬ 
mands rather favors the more recent 
plan. The only added expense in first 
construction is the roofing, but this is 
offset by the very cheap frame, and gen¬ 
eral construction of the hay storage. 
Much of the labor is thus saved which 
we find involved in a double floor. This 
barn is not without storage capacity 
over the stable—used mainly for straw 
after thrashing and hay for horses. It 
was first planned to build the stable 
without floor above, bringing the eaves 
low and having really a warm shed. A 
' 'K - 
-s- 
PLAN OF DAIRY BARN. Fie. 382. 
very serious objection appeared, and the 
plan was not matured. 
High Ceii.inos. —The ancient cow 
stable was not intended for a tall man, 
six feet being the usual space between 
floor and upper joists. The modern 
stable is too often built with the other 
extreme, 12 to 16 feet in the clear, and 
the greater the effort to build wisely and 
expensively the higher the ceiling. I 
would like to ask the reader whether he 
ever went into a stable of this descrip¬ 
tion and met that warm comfortable 
feeling at the door that one should meet 
on a wintry day, or, in fact, any time? 
In my observation these stables may 
have been clean and sanitary from every 
other point of view, but here we find 
tnroat and bronchial troubles, and I 
could cite several cases of tuberculosis 
that developed in these cool, damp, 
high-ceiling barns. I could not see any 
way out of the shed system and not have 
this same objectionable feature. In 
tnem it becomes an impossibility to 
maintain a relatively high temperature 
without artificial heat. A good, well-fed 
cow should lie down at least half of 
the time. She is within three feet of 
the floor, the coolest place in the room, 
having no use for the warmer air 12 feet 
above. I concluded that nine feet was 
a happy medium, considering both ap- 
liearance and utility; for utility alone 
eight feet is sufficient, and a small stable 
holding 10 or 15 cows will not have a 
low appearance, but a room 100 or 160 
feet long with a suitable width will ap¬ 
pear out of proportion with that height. 
A safe working principle always is, first 
utility and secondly appearance, but 
general appearance should always be 
kept in view. ii. e. cook. 
YOUR FOOTSTEPS 
By the depth of his footstep 
in the earth the Indians tell 
Bone-Making Food Meeded. 
I have never fed ground bone to my 
cows. I do not believe it could be neces¬ 
sary. from the fact of my soil being on 
limestone hills and clay. The hay, 
grass and fodder thus grown carries 
sufficient lime and bone material. 
Horses raised on this soil have very 
good feet and bone. It might appear to 
be a needful material to supply in the 
ration of growing young stock if fed 
heavily on corn and cornstalks and Tim¬ 
othy hay. To a full-grown, mature cow 
requiring but very little to maintain 
bone growth I would expect but little 
benefit from feeding ground bone. The 
hen requires it because of the lime and 
bone material in her production. The 
hog gets but very little bone material 
from his ration of corn and water. The 
hog on pasture does not require the 
bone meal as much as one kept on corn 
ration. I can see where a cow support¬ 
ing an embryo calf, and fed largely on 
corn and grasses and fodder grown on 
very low wet land might produce a 
larger-boned calf by being well supplied 
in her feed with some bone meffl. It is 
not the heavy ration that injures the 
dairy cow as much as it is the unbal¬ 
anced ration, and to balance the ration 
perfectly or nearly so for a working 
dairy cow the whole year through in our 
climate should be very carefully studied 
and her condition observed. 
Oxfordville, Wis. ii. c. t.vylor. 
the weight of a man. Do you 
tread shallow or deep.? Per¬ 
haps you would like to weigh 
more ? If you are below 
weight and find that ordinary 
food does not build you up try 
Scott’s Emulsion. 
It is not a drug but a food 
that time has shown to have a 
real value in such cases as 
yours. 
Wc'll send you a little to try, if you like. 
SCOTT & BOVVNE, 409 Pearl street. New York. 
TIinUDQnil^C Wheelbarrow^ 
inUlllrwvll OGrassSeeder 
isn’t like any other—It’s better. Itaows at I k'nds 
of (JniHH Soeil. Itsows CloTer, Alfalfa, Top, 
Orchard(»ra\», Millet, Klax Seed,Eie. Weniake 
anextra large, roomy hopper for sowing Wheat, 
^ liye, Oats and Uarley, It 
sows 30 acres a day easily. 
Wind can’t stop you; It's so 
close to the ground. Don't 
need to “stake off’’— 
just follow the drill 
marks. II weighs 40 ihs 
and is well and durably 
made. Write for UIiih- 
trated eatalogiio eto. 
0. E.Thompson&Son. 
Ypsilantlf Mich, 
NO HUMBUG-^ 
Ilumano Swine V Stock Marker and Ualf Dehorner. 
Stop4 swine of all at^rs from rootint;. Makes 48 different 
car marks, iarge or sinali. No change of biaiie. Kztracis 
iloms. Testimonials free. Price I1.&U, or send $1.00, got 
Itontriai. If It suits, semi italance. Pat’d Apr. 28,1001. 
FAKMEH imiGIITON, FAIRFIELD, IOWA. 
MORE LYING AS TO 
PARIS SEPARATOR AWARDS 
Cornered and beaten in its misrepresentation as to the BufTalo separator 
awaixls, one of our desperate would-be competitors now reverts to its lying 
misrepresentation as to the Paris Exposition awards in 1900. 
The following oflicial statements speak for themselves: 
Stockholm, December 5, 1900. 
By request the undersigned hereby testifies that Aktiebolaget Separator 
[the European De Laval organization] was awarded the GEAND PKIX on 
its exhibition of cream separators by the International Jury. 
(Signed) Henning Elmquist, 
Secretary Royal Paris Committee. 
(Cablegram) Stockholm, April 2, 1901. 
We hereby positively certify that Aktiebolaget Separator of Stockholm 
[the De Laval European organization] were awarded the GRAND PRIX for 
their Alpha-De Laval separators at last year’s Paris Exposition. 
(Signed) The Swedish Paris Committee. 
(Signature legalized through the Anglo-American Telegraph Co.) 
U. S. Consulate General, 
Stockholm. Sweden. 
From evidence this day furnished me I am able to certify that the Sepa¬ 
rator Company, Ltd. [Aktiebolaget Separator] of this city did receive the 
“GRAND PRIX” for their Alpha-De Laval separators at ithe Paris Exposi¬ 
tion, in the year 1900, as per announcement in the “Journal Officiel”, Paris, 
of Ang. 18th, 1900, this day presented at this office. 
In witness whereof I have hereunder set Tuy hand and affixed my seal of 
office on this 17th day of April, 1901. 
(Signed) Carl P. Gerell, 
[official seal] U. S. Consul General. 
Any assertion by anyone and however made that the De Laval separators 
did not receive the Grand Prize at Paris is simply and wholly a vicious lie, 
and is particularly aggravating in the case of the concern now insinuating 
such a thing because its manager was in Paris at the time the separator 
awards were originally annoimced and begged and pleaded through tlie 
American Government representatives that its own third grade award (on 
“U. S.” cream separators) be changed to a second grade one, which out of 
special courtesy the French authorities finally conceded. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 
Randolph & Canal Sts., 
CHICAGO 
1102 Arch Street. 
PIItLADBLeniA 
General Offices; 
74 CORTLANDT STREET. 
327 Commissioners Street 
MONTKKAL. 
75 A 77 York Street, 
TORONTO. 
108 & 105 Mission Street, 
SAN FRANCISCO. 
NEW YORK. 
ns McDermott Avenue 
WiNNIPKQ. 
