REPORTS OF CASES. 
71 
4 80-100 grains of strychnine. Finlay Dun states that in a 
case of paralysis in a four-year old horse, following acute stag¬ 
gers, he administered four grains of strychnine twice daily in 
bolus, and without toxic effects. Later he increased the dose to 
five grains twice daily. This dose had no poisonous action. 
The animal improved under this treatment, but not fast enough 
to suit the owner, who had the patient destroyed. The smallest 
dose known to have killed a human being is one-half a grain. 
The smallest dose known to have destroyed a horse, that I can 
find recorded, was five grains, given by the mouth, the animal 
dying in eighteen hours. Strychnine tones up the muscles by 
stimulating the motor and vaso-motor tract of the spinal cord, 
the centres of which are located in the medulla. It also tones 
the heart; this is done by stimulating the motor ganglia. It 
stimulates the respiratory movements by exciting the spinal 
and medullary respiratory centres. It is excreted mostly un¬ 
changed by the kidneys, and in full doses it dilates the pupils. 
REPORTS OF GASES. 
CYSTIC CALCULUS. 
By F. H. Farmer, D.V.S., Washington, N. Dak. 
On July 5th last I was called to see an 18-month’s old 
percheron colt. Upon examination I found the animal in con 
siderable pain, breathing rapidly, pulse increased in frequency, 
and weak. He would strain frequently, with a desire to urinate 
manifested by stretching himself out, kicking at his belly, groan 
and lie down in pain. There was incontinence of urine, which 
flowed over the thigh and legs, excoriating the skin. The 
owner informed me that the colt had been ailing for about lour 
months, and had gradually grown worse from the first time he 
had noticed anything wrong. After emptying the rectum with 
an enema, I proceeded to examine the bladder. The oiled hand 
passed into the rectum could easily detect a large calculus in 
the bladder, so large that it obstructed the free passage of 
