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ARTHUR SALINGER. 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES. 
CROUPOUS PNEUMONIA IN THE HORSE. 
By Arthur Salinger, V.M.D., Demonstrator of Surgery, Veterinary Department, 
University of Pennsylvania. 
Read before the Pennsylvania State Veterinary Medical Association. 
The consideration of croupous pneumonia is by no means 
new, a discussion of some of the more important symptoms and 
newer remedial agents in the face of recent investigations is 
however in place : 
It is the object of this paper to call attention to the pathology, 
diagnosis and treatment of acute lobar pneumonia. 
The synonyms for this disease are Lobar, Croupous, or 
Fibrinous pneumonia, pneumonitis and Lung fever. 
Pneumonia is one of the most widespread of all acute infec¬ 
tious diseases. There is scarcely an acute infectious disease so 
frequent in the horse as pneumonia. Climate does not seem to 
have much influence in the production of this disease, it prevails 
equally in cold and in hot countries. Cold has been thought to 
be one of the most important etiological factors and it is 
undoubtedly true that the disease sometimes follows a sudden 
chilling or wetting, but in many cases it will be impossible to 
obtain any such history. Pneumonia frequently follows trauma¬ 
tisms of the chest, when it is known as contusion pneumonia. 
A change of opinion has recently taken place since the 
developement of bacteriology in regard to the etiology of 
croupous pneumonia. It is now unquestionably considered an 
infectious disease depending upon a specific micro-organism: 
What has furthermore given strength to the opinion among the 
medical fraternity is the fact that many epidemics of pneumonia 
have been described. 
The diplococcus pneumonia of Fraenkel is the most constant 
organism found in croupous pneumonia, and it is now believed 
