STRONGYLUS TETRACANTHUS AND STRONGYLUS ARMATUS. 26T 
That the strongylus armatus in the intestinal arteries, and 
the strongylus tetracanthus in and on the intestinal mucous 
membrane were the first causes. 
That the pathological changes are produced by the armatus 
in certain structures, and, as a result, of these changes inter¬ 
ference with the necessary functions of these organs, prove 
the armatus responsible in the greatest measure for the death 
of the host. 
That the tetracanthus by its presence shares with the ar¬ 
matus a part of the responsibility. 
That though the hosts harbored thousands of the tetra¬ 
canthus strongylus, it is doubtful if they alone would have 
caused death. 
That previous to and since my detailed experience I have 
treated not a few weak ansemic colts and horses afflicted with 
the tetracanthus, recovery has been the rule; in fact, I can¬ 
not recall any fatal cases (the subjects under consideration 
excepted), and arrived at the conclusion that it required 
simply an enormous number of the red parasites to kill the 
host, and still believe that conclusion correct. 
That when death is apparently due to the tetracanthus, 
careful inspection be practiced to discover if the armatus is 
not also present. If present, to what extent. 
That how to demonstrate the presence of the armatus in 
dangerous numbers in the living animal is something I have 
yet to learn. The symptoms exhibited by the colts in ques¬ 
tion can be attributed to the tetracanthus as well as the ar¬ 
matus. 
That it is manifestly difficult to suggest a feasible plan of 
prevention. Draining ponds and low lands and supplying 
stock with water from wells and cisterns would probably be 
a step in the right direction. 
That we have no specific treatment or sure cure. I wish 
we had. 
That the study of “animal parasitisms ” is worthy all the 
attention that we as veterinarians are wont to bestow upon 
it, perhaps more. 
