394 
OLOF SCHWARZKOPF. 
nounced type. From one to four hours after the injection a 
certain uneasiness of the horse is sometimes observed, but 
grave symptoms, as described by others, have not been seen 
by us. I think that much depends upon the surroundings of 
the horse, and that a suitable diet and comfortable and large 
box-stall prevents the horse from fully realizing the unpleas¬ 
ant feeling which no doubt he is undergoing. On the whole, 
however, the horses evidently enjoy the easy life with which 
they have been favored; they thrive and are easily fattened. 
Very different is the effect produced by the injection of 
tetanus-toxine. To the skeptic there could hardly be a more 
convincing proof of the scientific correctness of the elimina¬ 
tion of toxins during the progress of some germ diseases than! 
to witness the effect of this toxine. We observed after the 
injection of 2 cc. within ten minutes very pronounced symp¬ 
toms of ill feeling. A rise of temperature followed almost 
immediately, the pulse became stringy, and abdominal breath¬ 
ing set in. In about one hour the masseter became hardened 
and painful to touch, accompanied by a peculiar twitching of 
the muscles of the nose. In two and a half hours the temper¬ 
ature rose to 104 20 . Occasional grinding of the molar teeth- 
was followed by outbreaks of great nervousness. At intervals 
the neck was thrown backward and upward and tetanic spasms: 
of the muscles of the neck were noticed, resembling the symp-f 
toms observed in a horse that is trying to vomit. Later, light 
local spasms could be produced in any region by a simple 
touch. These symptoms lasted for about eight hours, when 
they gradually disappeared. 
It is interesting to remark the effect of the subsequent 
injections of increasing quantity of toxine with a decreasing 
severity of symptoms. It is as if one could see the develop¬ 
ing immunity, for the gradually increasing power of resistance 
of the horse against this toxine is very apparent. While our 
last injection was as large a dose as 25 cc., beyond a rise in 
temperature to 104° none of the symptoms, described as ob¬ 
served at the first injections, were noticed any more. 
There is great likelihood, however, that all horses do not 
react with equal gravity at the first injection. We inoculated, 
experimentally, an old and hardened horse with 20 cc. of tox- 
