468 
W. L. WILLIAMS. 
one-half grain subcutaneously, as in these doses it is not con¬ 
stipating. 
In newly born foals we frequently meet with obstinate 
colic, the result of retained meconium, or a little later, owing 
to the ingestion ol hay or straw. In these cases while large 
doses of bland oil may naturally aid, enemata of warm water 
or oil constitute the most reliable remedial measures. By 
fitting the nozzle of a bulb syringe into an ordinary gum 
horse catheter, the latter can be slowly and carefully intro¬ 
duced up into the obstructed bowel, the water or oil being all 
the time slowly introduced. In this way the catheter be¬ 
comes insinuated between the fecal mass and intestinal walls, 
following the flexures of the intestine the full length of the 
catheter, and permits the fluids to mingle with and soften 
down the hard mass so that it readily passes away. 
Repeated enemas for several days or even a week may at 
times be necessary, the foal in the meantime being muzzled if 
needed to prevent further ingestion of indigestible matters. 
In these the colic is rarely so acute as to warrant anodyne 
remedies. In that form of colic due to obstruction of the 
rectum of young animals at pasture by a gummaceous feces, 
the cause of which we do not understand, the inversion of 
the rectum generally attracts more attention than the accom¬ 
panying colic. It is to be remedied by the manual removal 
of the gummy feces, aided by enemas of warm water, and its 
recurrence prevented by a change in diet. 
The colic of intestinal paralysis is closely allied to that of 
impaction in many cases, but calls for a rather more delicate 
judgment in its treatment. 
When the paralysis is due to a want of general tone in the 
animal, the result, most frequentty, of inactivity and high 
feeding, we generally need only to wait, which is frequently 
about the most difficult of all courses to pursue, especially if 
the owner be present. Purgatives must necessarily increase 
the danger of the disease. Oleaginous laxatives and demul¬ 
cents, by softening the intestinal contents, tend to relieve the 
malady. The pain is rarely extreme, and should, when neces¬ 
sary, be controlled by such remedies as will not interfere with * 
