522 
EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
In cats, and delicate breeds of dogs, much greater caution 
must be used, and certainly not more than from one-half grain 
to one grain can be employed, subcutaneously, with safety, 
whilst by the mouth, the same dose is also advisable and can 
be repeated every four hours for at least three or four times. 
(One grain of cocaine is almost the same as mxxx of a four 
per cent., or mx of a ten per cent, aqueous solution). 
4. The first symptom of danger is great uneasiness, fol¬ 
lowed by a violent involuntary clonic spasm of the voluntary 
muscles of the body, particularly noticeable in the muscles Of 
the jaws and limbs. 
5. If a diseased condition of the heart or lungs (particularly 
the latter) be suspected, much greater care must be observed 
and the minimum doses allowed. 
6. The anaesthetic effect is manifested only locally and 
does not extend to the deeper tissues. It only extends around 
the seat of inoculation for a space varying from one-half an 
inch to an inch and one-half. 
This local anaesthesia is manifested in from three to five 
minutes and lasts about twenty to twenty-five minutes. 
7. Toxic doses, subcutaneously, allowing for idiosyncrasies 
are: for the dog, from grs. iii. (for an animal of the size and 
weight of a fox terrier) to grs. vi. (for an animal the size of a 
collie) ; for the cat, from grs. ii. to iv. 
If a large medicinal dose or a toxic dose be given, the 
symptoms produced are : in a few minutes (2 to 4 minims if 
subcutaneously given) the animal becomes unusually quiet 
unless disturbed; there is constant licking of the lips (a pe¬ 
culiar smacking sound very frequently can be noticed), in¬ 
creased flow of thin watery saliva, which collects at the back 
of the pharynx and around the lips (dribbling from them, 
sometimes interfering with the act of respiration and causing 
constant gulping and apparently a choking sensation). The 
animal is very sensitive to all sounds and very attentive 
when spoken to; the ears are alternately pricked up and 
moved backwards and forwards; this hypermsthesia may 
amount even to frenzy, and the animal may strangle itself at 
the end of the cord or chain by which it is secured, by con- 
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