i89o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
(Continued from. Page 99.) 
ning habit. I noted that the blossoms of 
the Soja were not as conspicuous as those 
of our common beans, and while most of 
them were of a pink color, one or two of 
them were a pretty yellow. I found that 
the cow-pea on the same area yielded more 
fodder than the largest variety of Soja, 
and, moreover, being decidedly of a running 
habit, it more nearly covered the surface of 
the ground. I found, also, that both were 
highly relished in a green state i y milch 
cows. 
Which contain the most nutriment is a 
matter for our agricultural stations to de¬ 
termine by a system of careful experiment¬ 
ing that is altogether beyond the reach of 
the farmer. I think that the Soja will be 
found to have an advantage over our ordi¬ 
nary beans, in that the pods being less 
pulpy in their nature, the beans will dry 
without molding even when not fully ma¬ 
tured. I noted that pigs appeared to be 
very fond of the beans and that cows eager¬ 
ly devoured the pods even when they were 
rather dry. I noted also that besides the 
very early dwarf variety, which was too 
small-vined to produce a large crop per 
acre, there were two of the varieties that 
matured sufficiently early to make them 
reliable for a crop as far north as latitude 
4? degrees if planted on a warm slope. I 
have raised the Soja off and on for over 40 
years, and experimented at various times 
in cooking the beans, baking them with a 
slice of pork, just as we cook that famous 
New England dish “ baked beans.” I find 
that though very rich, they have a peculiar 
flavor, suggesting that of cow-peas, one va¬ 
riety of which, before the rebellion, was oft- 
times found in the stores at the North un¬ 
der the name of “ Calavauses.” I am glad 
to know that oiir experimental stations 
are taking up for thorough examination 
this foreign bean, to determine its value 
both for fodder and for human uses. The 
tables of nutrient values rank it far in 
advance of all our vegetables, and as having, 
on an average, double the nutritive value 
of the various grains. J. J. H. GREGORY. 
Marblehead, Mass. 
3n&ust’l So fifties. 
WESTERN NEW YORK HORTI¬ 
CULTURAL SOCIETY. 
(RURAL SPECIAL REPORT.) 
A merited tribute to President Barry ; 
good suggestions and cautions in the use 
of insecticides and fungicides; interest¬ 
ing hints on the embellishment of public 
pleasure grounds; some of the newer 
strawberries; horticulture in whiter; 
steam and hot water heating of green¬ 
houses; essentials to the successful forc¬ 
ing of plants; chemistry in relation to 
horticulture; precautions in evaporat¬ 
ing fruit; the “clematis disease"; dwarf 
and standard pears; new fruits; crit¬ 
icisms; officers elected. 
There is no more prominent horticul¬ 
tural society than that of Western New 
York. The 35th anuual meeting of this 
society was held in Rochester January 22d 
and23d. Owing to tue inability of Pres. 
Patrick Barry to bo present, the Vice Pres. 
W. C. Barry, presided at the meetings. At 
the first session a letter was read from 
Pres. Barry in which he asked to be allowed 
to resign. Mr. S. D. Willard expressed the 
feeling of all present when he said : “ I sug¬ 
gest that as long as Patrick Barry is able 
to write ‘ Yours truly’, he be President of 
this society.” 
The first paper read was one by State 
Entomologist Lintner, on “ Late Experience 
with Insects Injurious to the Orchard and 
Garden.” Dr. Lintner stated that great 
progress had been made during the last few 
years in the study of economic entomology 
and that a great impetus had been given by 
the establishment of the experiment 
stations, 30 of which had entomologists 
among whom were some of the most able 
men in the country. He said also that he 
expected that within a few years nearly 
all of our injurious insects would be under 
control. The important subject of spray¬ 
ing was carefully discussed. The force 
pump is so important that every horticul¬ 
turist and orphardist must have pue, Jf Jia 
io5 
wishes to do anything against the attacks 
of insects. As a rule, stronger solutions of 
the arsenical poisons have been used than 
were necessary and in no case should the 
proportion of the poison exceed one pound 
to 200 gallons of water. Use as little of the 
arsenite as will suffice to kill the insects. 
It appears now as though the arsenites 
were liable to injure advanced foliage 
most; if this be so, later sprayings must be 
more diluted ; a solution of one pound to 
at least 300 gallons of water is strong 
enough for peach trees; one pound to 
from 250 to 300 gallons for plums. Paris- 
green is best for some trees; while London- 
purple is better for others. White arsenic 
cannot be used with safety especially w T hen 
dissolved by boiling. Particular attention 
was called to the value of a stream of water 
applied to the plants with force. The 
speaker had found this especially good for 
the rose slug, small rose leaf hopper and 
the small leaf hoppers of the grape, espec¬ 
ially if used while the insect is in its larval 
form, and on all plant lice that can be 
reached by the spray. It is now probable 
that we can combine—with saving of labor 
in applying—fungicides and insecticides, 
as, for instance, the application of London- 
purple for killing the potato bug and the 
Bordeaux Mixture for the potato rot. 
The best formula for the Bordeaux 
Mixture he said was six pounds of 
sulphate of copper dissolved in four gal¬ 
lons of hot water; four pounds of lime 
dissolved in four gallons of cold water; mix 
and dilute with cold water to 22 gallons. 
Tn regard to carbolized plaster as an 
insecticide, he said more experiments were 
necessary, but that it woul I probably prove 
valuable in fighting the rose bug. The life 
historv of this insect has just been worked 
out at Washington. It is what may be 
called a local insect and lately has been 
found in great swarms in a swamp in Vir¬ 
ginia. One observer there has watched 
the pests for two or three years coming 
from about the same place and moving 
slowly in immense numbers. Among other 
insects mentioned was a new pear insect 
which was found to belong to the “case- 
bearers.” The larva of this inserts a part of 
its body into the fruit and makes it look as 
though a small twig had been stuck into 
the pear. If it appears in great numbers, 
spray with an arsenite soon after the set¬ 
ting of the young fruit. The cherry tree 
slug the larva of which riddles the leaves, can 
be destroyed by spraying with hellebore 
(one ounce to two gal.ons of water) or by 
dusting the plants with fresh air-slaked 
lime. Destroy the grape vine flea beetles, 
during hibernation by burning the rubbish 
of the vineyard or the loose bark of the 
posts. If they get started in the spring 
knock them off into a pan or apply a poison¬ 
ous liquid to the buds. Later they may be 
controlled by the use of a solution of Paris- 
green. 
Much discussion followed this paper, the 
result of which was that we must use great 
care m the use of either Paris-green or 
London-purple and that there is a great 
difference in the strength of different 
solutions if the ingredients are not fresh and 
the user must keep the solution thoroughly 
stirred when applying it. For the Flat¬ 
headed Apple-tree Borer Dr. Lintner re¬ 
commended painting the trunk of the tree 
with soap and carbolic acid up from the 
ground for two feet and then cutting out 
or killing with a wire any borers which may 
be found. For the black aphis on the 
cherry, he tells us to commence early with 
a stream of cold water and later to spray 
thoroughly with the kerosene emulsion. 
The reports from the various counties 
showed, in general, that the season had 
been rather a bad one, especially for apples 
and pears, owing to the late frosts in some 
places and the heavy rains in others. 
One of the most interesting papers of the 
whole meeting was on the “ Embellishment 
of Public Pleasure Grounds” by William 
McMillan, Superintendent of the Buf¬ 
falo Parks. This subject, although not 
directly connected with fruit growing, is 
one which demands the attention of every 
horticulturist. Following are some of the 
more important points brought out: Em¬ 
bellishment includes everything necessary 
to the following out of an intended plan of 
improvement. We must first devise a fitting 
plan of improvement. For this we must study 
the natural characteristics of the land and 
the uses to which it is to be put. All de¬ 
tails must fit into the geueral plan. After 
a suitable plan has been adopted, the work 
of construction will require great care. No 
hasty changes must be made and no petty 
details must be held to too obstinately. 
All work, as far as possible, should be 
neruipue^tj pi the uoorlv dour, is the more 
costly in the end. All features should be 
in harmony with each other and nothing 
should be introduced that cannot be kept 
up. Mr. McMillan spoke very forcibly 
against the present carpet bedding system 
as not being expressive or artistic. Nature 
is always temperate in her display of colors, 
and just because we can enjoy the brilliancy 
of the rainbow for a few moments it does 
not follow that we would enjoy it con¬ 
tinuously fora whole summer. Don’t have 
one part of large grounds maintained at 
the expense of the rest. It is “ poor taste 
to array one part in purple and fine linen if 
the other half be but half clad in tattered 
rags of the cheapest home-spun.” The 
greater use of some of our much neglected 
wild flowers, shrubs and trees was very 
strongly urged. Some of these trees are 
not only beautiful in shape, but also in 
color of foliage, especially in the autumn. 
For rural grounds he is in favor of simple, 
quiet, soothing and soft effects. “ The true 
ideal of park recreation to persons worn by 
the harrassing turmoil of city life is the 
refreshing enjoyment of all that is beauti¬ 
ful and blissful that may be seen and felt 
amid the serene manifestations of Nature 
embodied in the scene.” 
(To be Continued.) 
IVfOman’s Work, 
CONDUCTED BY EMILY LOUISE TAPLIN. 
CHAT BY THE WAY. 
A PRETT Y bureau cover recently seen 
was of white butcher’s linen, hav¬ 
ing a border of single grape-leaves around 
the edge. The leaves were button-holed 
all ’round, and veined in outline stitch, the 
work being done with white floss silk. 
After working, the outer edge was cut out 
to the button-holing, thus making the 
border. 
Tray cloths are very pretty made in the 
same way ; indeed, the prettiest embroi¬ 
dered linen cloths are those worked either 
in white or gold ; sometimes both are used. 
Cut-work borders, that is to say, a con¬ 
nected pattern which has been buttonholed, 
the material being cut away around the de¬ 
sign, so as to give an open-work effect, 
gives a lovely finish to tray-cloths, carver’s 
napkins or buffet scarfs. The embroi 
dery is white, and is done on fine linen. 
This embroidery on linen does not cost 
nearly so much as many other styles of 
fancy-work, and is very useful, especially 
in aiding one to arrange a table prettily. 
♦ 
* * * 
Probably most of our readers have seen 
the little rings, covered with a buttonhol¬ 
ing of silk, which are used to border fancy- 
work. They are really pretty, and a quick 
worker can soon cover them, either with a 
needle or crochet hook. They make a 
handsome border when sewn into dia¬ 
monds, joined together, with silk looped 
into the bottom ones to make a fringe. A 
pretty lamp-shade may be made of piuk 
China silk ; it should be quite full, drawn 
in at the top with pink baby ribbon, tied 
with many loops. The lower edge should 
be cut into points. Make a border of the 
rings joined into diamonds, eleven in each, 
that is, a center row of three rings, and on 
either side first a row of two and then one. 
Cut the points in your shade to fit these 
diamonds; then lay on the border, a dia¬ 
mond fitting into every slash between the 
points. Make the border come just over 
the edge of the shade, and sew it securely 
into place. Then finish it with a fringe, 
made by looping four double strands of 
silk into every ring along the edge. This 
shade is very pretty when made in gold- 
color. Either pink or yellow in various 
shades w r ill always be found the most de¬ 
sirable colors for a lamp-shade, as they cast 
a pretty and becoming light, while green 
or blue makes a very unbecoming shade 
over the complexion. 
4 
* * 
We recently saw a toilet set trimmed 
with the rings mentioned above, in a very 
pretty fashion. The color used was pale 
green. The pin cushion was square, cover¬ 
ed with pale-green satin. A diamond- 
shaped mat, made of silk-covered rings the 
same color as the cushion, and edged with 
friuge, was laid over the cushion. The 
four corners, left uncovered by the mat, 
were adorned by four full, pinked out ro¬ 
settes of the satin. The toilet bottles, 
which were square, were covered with the 
green satin, and had on each side a dia 
mom)-shaped me^sUjQH p?the rings, 
These rings make a pretty finish for dec¬ 
orating scarfs. One beauty, recently seen, 
was of pale pink surah ; on either end was 
a band of delicate bolting cloth, painted 
with a dainty floral design. The edge was 
cut into deep points, and filled in with a 
deep border of pink rings, after the fashion 
described in the lamp-shade. This scarf was 
really too dainty for any save a very deli¬ 
cate room, but the same plan may easily be 
carried out in less perishable fabrics, with¬ 
out the bolting-cloth border. A scarf of 
old-gold draping silk, bordered with rings 
in the same color, will lighten up a dark 
corner, and when it fades, it does not be¬ 
come an ugly color. Dull electric blue, or 
some of the {esthetic shades in light green, 
make into a pretty bit of draping, either to 
put on a chair back, or to throw over the 
corner of a shelf or picture. 
SOME HOMELY FINDINGS. 
OLIVE E. DANA. 
T HE men-folkhave been sorely puzzled 
to get mittens that would be both 
warm and durable. Leather mittens, es¬ 
pecially if fleece lined, are warm in dry 
weather, but do not bear wetting. Knitted 
ones, seem they ever so substantial, soon 
give way, especially if much wood is 
handled. Last year a neighbor offered her 
mitten-pattern, which I speedily procured 
and proceeded to make use of. In the 
house were some generous remnants of verv 
thick, firm cloaking. Of this material I 
made a pair of mittens that delighted my 
“ masculine’s ” heart, and were the envy of 
his acquaintances. Warmer than any¬ 
thing he had worn, they were uninjured by 
the wet, and have been very durable. One 
could probably procure a good mitten pat¬ 
tern from a pattern dealer. I made mine 
with felled seams, and the thumbs were 
sown in over and-over stitch, with the 
stoutest of thread. 
I have also been perplexed to obtain a 
durable dish-cloth. A dish-mop will hardly 
serve for baking-tins and other cooking 
utensils, and seems quite inadequate for 
milk-cans. Crash is soon worn out, and 
even one of knitted cotton yielded to un¬ 
timely decay, frayed by constant contact 
with the sharp edges of tin things. A ball 
of old-fashioned “wicking” solved that 
difficulty. The dish cloth should be knit 
loosely on wooden needles, and requires one 
ball of the wicking. It may seem small be¬ 
fore it is used, but it is so thick it is fully 
large enough. And it is very soft. 
I have found that the steam of vinegar 
will afford relief for neuralgia in the head 
or face. Heat a brick, wind flannel around 
it, pour on a little vinegar and inhale the 
vapor, repeating until relieved. Or, if 
lying down, saturate a flannel with tne 
vinegar, and hold it to the face, with a hot 
brick or flat-iron behind it to keep it steam¬ 
ing. This remedy is also recommended as 
one of the best for a cold in the head. 
A drop of peppermint on a bit of cotton 
placed in or beside a troublesome tooth 
will sometimes relieve the ache. 
White of egg I find a good substitute 
for mucilage, as it is cleanly, convenient 
and dependable. 
A certain cheery woman of my acquain¬ 
tance is a perpetual marvel to me on ac¬ 
count of the work she is able to do and 
keep done. She is not young, and has a 
houseful of “men-folks” of her own, with 
no daughter at home, and they live on a 
farm. But her floors are always spotlessly 
clean, her table generously spread, her 
stove black, her windows shining, her 
rooms in order, her mending done, she her¬ 
self tidy and unhurried. Moreover, she 
does.have time to go out, at least occasion¬ 
ally, and at some seasons often. “How 
does she do it ?” I wondered, and I 
treasured every word that helped to solve 
the mystery. Oue day she said: “I al¬ 
ways take time for my meals. If I have a 
tableful to wait on, or folks coming or go¬ 
ing, or anything happens so that I cau’t 
take an opportunity at the right time, I 
wait till I can.” And again: “I get so 
tired by afternoon that I should just have 
to go to bed if I stayed at home, so I run 
out somewhere and rest that way.” 
How many women would have added the 
“little more” that would make bed or 
lounge the only refuge, and put call or 
walk or ride out of the question! But 
these things, and others like them, reveal 
one secret of her ability. 
GOLDEN GRAINS. 
T HE beauties of the farm and surround¬ 
ing scenery, the development and 
growth pf the unfolding plants, aud the 
