i89o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
287 
Thecopper sulphate should first be dissolved 
in hot water. The lime should be slaked 
slowly. Before use the complete mixture 
must be strained through fine brass or 
copper gauze as suggested by the Connec¬ 
ticut Agricultural Experiment Station. 
“ I advise any one who is planting lawns 
to get a large supply of certain trees and 
f row most of them as bushes. This can be 
one by cutting off the main trunk at the 
ground and allowing the roots to send up 
several in place of one. Cut them back 
year by year at the tops. Many of our 
larger trees can in this way be grown as 
bushes. Among others the tulip tree, the 
linden, the magnolias, the catalpas and 
beeches. I should like to find something 
finer than a catalpa trained after this man¬ 
ner. Such shrubs or bushes will generally 
blossom profusely, while the leafage is en¬ 
larged.” 
So speaks our respected friend E. P. 
Powell, in Popular Gardening. His experi¬ 
ence and the R. N.-Y.’s are wide apart. 
The tulip tree can not be cut back in this 
way except for a few years. A catalpa 
(except Kiompferi) will be killed in from 
eight to 10 years. So will the Paulonia. We 
must doubt whether the tulip, magnolia or 
catalpa would ever bloom under this 
treatment. 
The results of experiments carried on at 
the Ohio Station usually tally well with 
those carried on at the Rural Grounds. 
Comparing early varieties of potatoes 
with each otheV, the station finds that 
Crown Jewel, Puritan, Queen (New Queen), 
Nott (Nott’s Victor), Everitt, Early King 
aud Oxford gave the highest yields, while 
Ohio Junior, Polaris, Stray Beauty, Wnite 
Early Ohio, Chas. Downing and Early Ohio 
gave the lowest. This is a comparison of 
extremes, and several early varieties can 
not be ranked in either class. Although 
not ranking in the same order as in 1888, 
these varieties fall in the same classes both 
seasons. From repeated trials at the Ohio 
Station it seems safe to class Crown Jewel, 
Puritan, Queen and Oxford as the most 
productive and reliable of the early varie¬ 
ties, while Ohio Junior, Early Ohio, Stray 
Beauty and Chas. Downing are amoDg the 
least productive. 
Of medium varieties those that rank 
highest as to productiveness are : Summit, 
Empire State. Superior (Burpee’s), White 
Elephant and Rural New-Yorker, while 
those of the other extreme are Northern 
Spy (Boley’s) Perfect PeaChblow and possi¬ 
bly Monroe Prize. 
Including early, medium and late varie¬ 
ties, not fully tested, those that are the 
most promising are Queen (New Queen), 
Rural New-Yorker, Superior (Burpee’s) 
and Minnesota Early. Early Ohio, Ohio 
Junior and Stray Beauty rank as the earli¬ 
est, but are unproductive. Albino and 
Chas. Downing seem to be less reliable 
than formerly, probably owing to their 
susceptibility to blight. Northern Spy and 
Monroe Prize are inferior in appearance, 
hence not valuable for market. The form¬ 
er is unproductive, and it is not probable 
that the latter will rank very high in this 
respect . 
Some Good Grapes.— Why is it that we 
scarely ever see any notice of the Norfolk 
Grape? asks Isaac Hicks, in Orchard and 
Garden. He has had one in bearing for 
two years and to his taste it is the best na¬ 
tive he knows of. It has as little pulp as 
the Brighton and is of higher flavor; it 
somewhat resembles Salem, but is much 
earlier. The vine is a rapid and strong 
grower aud very prolific. It is the first to 
ripen among 12 varieties, and the first to 
disappear, since everybody likes it. The 
Cottage is a profitable early grape, hardy, 
prolific and sweet when black. Its foliage 
is quite free from mildew. He considers 
it preferable to the Concord and it rip¬ 
ens before Worden. The Agawam he has 
had in bearing for four years and, all 
points considered, likes it the best of those 
he has tested. 
At the Ohio Experiment Station nitrate 
of soda and sulphate of ammonia have in a 
few cases given a slight increase in the 
yield of potatoes, but not to a profitable de¬ 
gree. In seasons when blight has been the 
most severe these substances, especially the 
former, have apparently exerted an injuri¬ 
ous effect. Superphosphate (dissolved bone- 
black), acid phosphate and Thomas slag 
have in nearly all cases increased the yield. 
Thomas slag is the cheapest form in which 
phosphoric acid cau be obtained, and the 
trials indicate that its use on potatoes is 
likely to be attended with greater profit 
than that of either of the other substances 
named. 
The questiou of relative profit, as be¬ 
tween the use of small cuttings aud whole 
potatoes, depends upon the cost of seed po¬ 
tatoes, the date at which the crop is to be 
harvested and sold, and the condition of 
the soil at planting time. In ordinary 
practice it will usually be found that neither 
extreme, as to quantity of seed used, will 
be found to be profitable. The safest plan 
is to use large, well-matured, healthy pota¬ 
toes, and cut to two and three eyes. 
Prof. Short having tried 11 kinds of so- 
called ensilage corn, ranks the Rural 
Thoroughbred Flint as second in tons of 
fodder per acre and first in yield of ears.... 
Wood is the best material for the silo. 
Give it a good coating of gas-tar. 
WORD FOR WORD. 
-H Stewart in the Times: “On the 
whole, hill or drill manuring alone on poor 
land is not a desirable practice. It is not 
even economical. It is like kindling a fire 
with wet wood by the help of kerosene. 
There is a vigorous flare-up at first, but 
when the oil is consumed the fire dies out, 
or slowly smoulders among the wet fuel 
and makes no heat. But with a well-ma¬ 
nured soil and an extra application in the 
hill or drill with the seed, and well scat¬ 
tered around it, it is like a fire of dry, in¬ 
flammable fuel, lighted with the oil, which 
starts quickly and spreads rapidly through 
the fuel and yields a great and continuous 
heat.” 
-Dairy Commissioner of Ohio : 
“ Build your silos in the easiest way you 
can and with the least expense, according 
as your present buildings will permit. A 
Mr. McGraw of Meadville, Penn., has the 
smallest silo I ever heard of—only four by 
four feet and 18 feet deep—and it does 
splendid work and is a grand success for 
one cow alone. It furnishes rich, succu¬ 
lent, juicy food, and he is getting as good 
a flow of milk in winter as in summer. 
From this experiment of his you may 
readily see that the cheap wooden silo can 
safely be extended to the wants of those 
not heavily engaged in farming. The cli¬ 
mate or location does not affect the silo. 
It will perform its blessings for the sunny 
South or the frozen North with equal econ¬ 
omy, and furnish to the prudent farmer an 
even quality of feed, enabling him to 
wrestle successfully with the shortcomings 
of Nature. He can have moist, nutritious 
feed at all seasons of the year, when summer 
droughts prevail and winter snows hide 
the beauty of this green earth from view.” 
-“ We had better grow 15 tons of fodder 
and a greater amount of grain, than to 
grow 20 tons of fodder with scarcely any 
grain.” 
-“ Another point with reference to 
greater maturity Is the belief that the 
nearer our corn reaches maturity the nearer 
our silage will be to what we call sweet. 
Upon this' point Mr. Gould says, in the 
Ohio Farmer of May 18, 1889, that the silo 
men tried slow filling to allow heat to de¬ 
velop to 125 degrees, and then put on more 
fresh silage. Later on it was found that 
more maturity of the corn or clover would 
give us quite as sweet silage as that cut 
three weeks earlier, and there was no need 
of stopping the filling of the silo to develop 
heat. Prof. Short of Wisconsin, found 
that silage may develop heat to 150 degrees, 
and yet be very acid when taken from the 
pits ; and on the other hand, he has found 
the best and greenest-colored silage where 
the heat did not reach 100 degrees. Mr. 
Gould says, further, that the silage in his 
pits last year was almost ideally sweet, 
and the mass never warmed up to even 96 
degrees, or fell below 70 degrees. It was 
very mature and the corn glazed, some of 
it quite hard. Prof. Short also found that 
the sourest silage was that carrying the 
greatest percentage of moisture, juice or 
sap. 
-GRAY : “ We do not know that fra¬ 
grance or other odor, or that the nectar of 
flowers subserves any other uses to the 
flower than that of alluring insects.” 
-T. B. Terry in the Ohio Farmer: “ I 
believe I made hundreds of dollars last year 
by having all cultivation shallow after the 
roots started. I believe just as certainly 
that many lost hundreds of dollars by just 
a little carelessness in this line.” 
- Bradstreet’S : “ The St. Louis Globe- 
Democrat has Interviewed over 1,600 farm¬ 
ers in Illinois, Missouri and Kansas, and 
finds that it does not pay to raise corn, at 
present prices, either to sell as grain or to be 
sold as pork or beef.” 
- Breeder’s Gazette: “The politician 
has his ear close to the ground. He is lis¬ 
tening intently to what the agriculturist 
has to say. Never in the history of this 
country has the voice of the farmer so thor¬ 
oughly commanded the ear of the poli¬ 
tician.” 
- Hartford Times : “ The peaceful den¬ 
izens of rural districts will soon witness 
harrowing spectacles. Make an oat of 
this.” 
-PUCK: “The spring chicken, as usual, 
is going to have a tough time of it.” 
-Boston Globe : “ A hen lays an egg 
because she can not stand it on end.” 
-Christian Union: “Look it up, and 
you will find the secret of the successful 
business man is no secret after all but 
simply interpreted, spells : CONCENTRA¬ 
TION 1 ” 
-Vermont Watchman : “ Let every 
day in this month count.” 
“ A 'farmer has it in his power to enjoy 
a perpetual feast.” 
“Those who get through the world by 
making the worst of it, work hard for poor 
pay.” 
“A PIECE of farm work done in season is 
twice as valuable as the same work done 
out of season.” 
“If you depend upon fruit trees taking 
care of themselves, you must be content 
with poor fruit.” 
-Prof. Johnson, in Michigan Farmer: 
“ I have long believed that a silo was one of 
the most profitable and economical in¬ 
vestments a small farmer or a large farmer 
could make. The silo is to be an important 
factor in helping Michigan farmers to solve 
the problem of cheaper production. No 
thoughtful farmer alive to his own in¬ 
terests, can refuse to investigate its 
claims.” 
- Report from the Central Experiment 
Farm, Ottawa, Canada: 
A few points to remember in poultry 
rearing are:— 
1. Make hens lay when eggs are dearest. 
2. Breed stock when eggs are cheap. 
3. Keep a non-sitting breed to lay when 
sitters are hatching, and pay expenses of 
the latter. 
4. Breed as many chickens as possible 
and as early as possible. They all repre¬ 
sent so much money. 
5. Keep all the pullets. They are worth 
$2 each as prospective early winter layers. 
6. Kill, or otherwise dispose of, all hens 
after three years of age. 
7. Breed the best flesh-formers for mar¬ 
ket. Feed them up to as great a weight as 
possible. 
8. Well-fattened, well-dressed poultry 
will bring the best prices from the best 
customers. 
9. If not accustomed to poultry, begin 
with a small number. Learn to make a 
success of the few, then go on with a larger 
number. 
10. Do not neglect the little essentials to 
success, such as lime, gravel, meat, plenty 
of clean water, green food, dust bath, etc., 
etc., regularly supplied to layers. 
11. Keep strict account of every cent of 
expenditure and receipts. Charge the 
poultry with all expenses and credit them 
with all receipts. The droppings at 75 
cents per barrel will go a long way to pay 
feed. 
12. Market gardeners and dairymen are 
particularly well situated to permit of their 
dealing profitably in poultry. The former 
have spare time in winter; the latter are 
among the best customers in the city every 
day. 
Always name R. N.-Y. in writing to ad¬ 
vertisers. 
In the Spring 
Nearly everybody needs a good medicine. The Im¬ 
purities which have accumulated In the blood dur¬ 
ing the cold months must be expelled, or when the 
mild days come, and the effect of bracing air Is 
lost, the body Is liable to be overcome by debility or 
some'serious disease. The remarkable success achieved 
by Hood’s Sarsaparilla, and the many words of praise 
it has received, make it worthy your confidence. It Is 
the “ ideal ” Spring Medicine. 
N. B. If you decide to take Hood's Sarsaparilla do 
not be Induced to buy any other. 
2 :• flmptement# and padtinng. 
CONTINENTAL. 
DISK. • PULVERIZER. 
THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST. 
Your land will be hard and need thorough culti¬ 
vation for the next crop. You will prepare for seed 
Ing with less labor if you use our Pulverizer. 
LABOR SAVED IS MONEY. 
You can get larger returns by using the Continental 
Larger crops mean more cash. Send for prices and 
circular, “How to Buy Direct.” 
HE JOHNSTON HARVESTER CO., 
PRACTICAL HINTS 
TO BUILDERS. 
Improved Edition, 1890. 
A LITTLE BOOK Of lOO panes con 
taining solid facts that every man 
contemplating BUILDING should 
know before Letting hia contract*. 
Shortchapters on the kitchen chira- 
-__neya,cistern,foundation, brickwork, 
mortar, cellar, heating, ventilation, the roof and many items 
of interest to builders. Mailed free on receipt of 10c. in pos¬ 
tage stamps. Address ____ 
NATIONAL SHEET METAL ROOFING CO. 
516 East 30th St., New York City. 
TIN PLATE 
STEEL PLATE 
GALVANIZED 
AND COPPER 
SHINGLES. 
UANuriCTumro nr th« 
NATIONAL SHEET METAL ROOFING CO. 
610 East 30th St., New York City. 
Are, without any exception, the best in the 
world. Descriptive circular free. 
(Ey-ThiB advertisement appears ev< ry other week. 
Uawtovn Double Sowed, Level Tread Hone Powert. 
and Threshers and Cleaners ark the Best. 
We also manufacture Self-Dump Rakes. Corn Shell 
ers, Farm Rollers, etc. Send for Circulars and Price 
Lists. A. BLAKER & CO.. Newtown. Bucks Co., Pa 
MWILLIBMS 
Grain Threshers, Horse Powers & Engines 
For full particulars address 
ST. JOHNSVILLE AGR’L WORKS, 
St. Joknnville, Montgomery Co., New \ ork. 
AGENTS WANTED FOR 
WILLIAMS’ CRINDER 
FOR MOWING MACHINE KNIVES. 
Introduced In 1889— proved a Great Success. Also for 
Williams’Automatic Seed Sower 
A new invention—just ready. Descriptive 
Circulars sent free. The very liberal terms 
to agents given to the first applicant from 
any town where no agency is established. 
THE WILLIAMS BEOS. M’F’G CO... 
Naubuc, Hartford Co., Conn. 
TDOIJLTRY PAPER. 16 pages, 4 months for.. 
I SamDle free. C. C. DkPUY, Syracuse. N. V 
it 
FIGHTING OVER MILK.’* 
A Book for Dairymen. 
THE FIGHT OF THE DAIRY FARMERS. 
Hood’s Sarsaparilla 
Sold by all druggists. $1 ; six for *5. Prepared only 
by C. I. HOOD & CO., Lowell, Mass. 
IOO Doses One Dollar 
ORGANS 8 
27. Pianos 
ANIEL F. HEA 
30. Circulars Free 
Y, Washington. N. J 
F ARMS FOR SALK.— Two of the Best Farms In 
the State; fine buildings an ( convenient to good 
market; good schools, well settled country price low. 
Address owner John M. Bergstrom, Benson. Minn 
PISO'S CURE FOR 
CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS. 
Best Cough Syrup. Tastes good. Use 
e. Sold ‘ 
in time. 
id by druggists. 
Giving a full account of the efforts now be¬ 
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secure fair prices for the producer and a 
pure article for the consumer in the New 
York market. 
History of a Powerful Organization 
among Eastern farmers, with a full account 
of the different methods of conducting the 
milk business in all our large cities. 
You ought to read this book. 
Pric8,25 Cts. Sold by the Rural New-Yorker. 
IMPROVED EXCELSIOR INCUBATOR 
Simple, Perfect sail Self-Ksgalatlag. Hun. 
dreds in successful operation. Guaranteed 
to hatch larger percentage of fertile eggs 
at less cost than any other hatcher. Send 
6c torlllus Cata. SKO. H. STAHL, <Juluej,lH. 
