i89o 
387 
verts inert stone into nutritive soil. These 
grand principles, understood in many of 
their details; are an inestimable boon to 
agriculture, and intelligent farmers have 
not been slow to apply them in practice. 
The vast trade in phosphatic fertilizers 
and Peruvian guano and in nitrate of soda ; 
the great manufactures of oil of vitriol, of 
superphosphate of lime, of fish fertilizers ; 
and the mining of fossil bones and of pot¬ 
ash salts, are industries largely or entirely 
based upon and controlled by chemistry in 
the service of agriculture. 
IN speaking of the farmer’s horse at a 
Wisconsin institute, Mr. J. M. True said 
that it is fortunate when the communities 
of farmers can unite in raising the same 
kind of horses, as by the number and uni¬ 
form quality of the stock offered, buyers 
are attracted and better prices are obtained. 
The horse market is not exempt from the 
general conditions which, with a close com¬ 
petition, surround all our farm enterprises, 
and in common with other lines of work 
success lies only in the path of intelligent, 
persistent work, that will place our product 
beyond general competition by virtue of 
its excellence. So the farmer’s horse must 
be bred for a special purpose, and that pur¬ 
pose the putting of the most money possible 
in the pocket of the owner. The poorest 
results in individual cases that may come 
from such work will still be superior to 
what may be expected from the thought¬ 
less and penurious methods of the past. 
In the report of the Senate Committee 
appointed to investigate the dressed beef 
business, Senator Vest tells us that a little 
reflection will satisfy every intelligent man 
that no combination can keep the prices of 
beef cattle at present quotations. The 
population of the country is increasing in 
a wonderful ratio, and of course the in¬ 
crease is greater each year. The foreign 
demand for American beef is annually 
growing, and it can be only a short time 
until our store cattle will be admitted into 
the United Kingdom. The British cattle- 
raisers are earnestly demanding the re¬ 
moval of all restrictions upon the importa¬ 
tion of such cattle, and if our authorities 
earnestly address themselves to the task 
the difficulty can be removed. 
D. F. Appleton, owner of the famous 
Jersey cow Eurotissima, which recently 
furnished a record of 945 pounds nine 
ounces of butter in a year, tells in the 
Country Gentleman how the cow was fed. 
She began with 24 pounds of grain per day, 
consisting of one-third each of corn-meal, 
ground oats and wheat middlings. This 
was reduced after a month to 21 pounds, in 
the same proportions, which, for most of 
the time thereafter, continued to be the 
ration. This was, however, occasionally 
raised and dropped again for special reasons. 
At the end of four mouths bran was sub¬ 
stituted for middlings and continued, Mr. 
A. thinks, with advantage in the change. 
The grain was invariably mixed with cold 
water, and some portion of the ration was 
generally spread upon hay or silage. The 
above were the maximum and minimum 
quantities of grain, excepting that during 
the last month, the ration was, for 
a little while, reduced to 19 pounds. 
It should be stated that sometimes one 
pound of oil-meal would be substituted for 
the same quantity of corn-meal; but with 
no effect that could be observed. In addi¬ 
tion to the grain the cow’s feed was as 
follows: During the season about three 
hours per day of fair pasture, and what 
hay she would readily take. After the sea¬ 
son of pasture she was kept in the barn all 
the time, excepting for exercise every fair 
day, and her feed then was cut and steamed 
hay aud silage, generally some of both, 
each day, and always with a part of her 
grain ration mixed with it. The hay was 
not weighed, but given in such quantity as 
she would readily eat, and about half a 
bushel of silage; and each day a peck of 
either carrots or beets, the carrots being 
preferred. 
AN Iowa breeder writes the Journal of 
that State that he recently sold 23 head of 
yearlings which averaged 1,182 pounds each, 
aud netted $44.35 per head. He, very truly, 
Hays that beats 15-cent corn. He is still 
feeding one car-load of younger steers, but 
does not think they will average 1,100 
pounds... 
TRIM evergreen hedges in June, advises 
the Farm Journal. We should prefer to 
do it later—August. 
J. H. IlALK prefers low headed peach 
trees—two feet from the ground. He ob¬ 
jects to growing raspberries among the 
peach trees. His first case of yellows oc¬ 
curred among peach trees between which 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
raspberries were grown, and so did 90 per 
cent, of all other cases. The trees were 
less thrifty also. 
When Mr. Hale secured his first crop of 
peaches, in 1887, the orchards were $9,000 in 
debt to him for fertilizers. The winter- 
killing of the fruit buds the four previous 
years in succession, discouraged his friends 
and he was urged not to sink any more 
money in a “ hopeless enterprise.”. 
The total cost, he tells the Farm Journal, 
of one orchard of 23 acres up to January 1, 
1890, with interest added, was $5,684.90. It 
has produced one crop of 6,695 baskets, that 
sold for $9,666.91, and is now in perfect con¬ 
dition for future good work. 
“ How to Make the Garden Pat ” is 
the title of a well-written, practical work 
by T. Greiner, one of the editors of Popular 
Gardening, and a gardener and horticul¬ 
turist of long experience. The size is six 
by nine inches, 275 pages, illustrated 
throughout. It is published by Wm. Henry 
Maule, the seedsman of Philadelphia, Pa.. 
“ How Crops Grow,” “ How Crops 
Feed,” both by Prof. Samuel W. Johnson, 
and “ Agriculture,” by Prof. F. H. Storer, 
are works that every farmer should possess 
and read. 
Probably there never was and probably 
there never will be a man or woman that 
professed friendship for another without 
regretting it in after years. Actions speak 
louder than words, and it is often difficult 
to live up to the professions of friendship 
uttered in exhuberant moments. The 
meanest sort of hypocrisy is that which 
seeks to “ use ” another through friendly 
protestations. The farmer who minds his 
own business, who is just to his own 
family and to those he loves or esteems 
will be, in the end, more respected and be¬ 
loved if he has acted without any protesta¬ 
tions of excessive interest. 
Lobbies not legislatures make laws, says 
Dr. Robinson in the Indiana Farmer. There 
should be farmers’ lobbies at each legisla¬ 
ture. “ Let me modestly suggest,” he says, 
“ that the farmers’ institutes, the Farmers’ 
Alliances and farmers’ mutual benefit asso¬ 
ciations can well afford to pay a small sum 
each toward defraying the expenses of men 
whose duty it is to stand in the lobby of the 
capitol all winter, if necessary in order to 
secure legislation that will lift these unbear¬ 
able burdens from our shoulders”. 
Other writers in the same paper are ear¬ 
nestly advocating a reduction in the salaries 
of county officials. One man says that 
such offices should be sold to the lowest bid¬ 
der who can give suitable bonds. 
ABSTRACTS. 
-New York Tribune.—" As each citizen 
who improves his house and his grounds 
furnishes a powerful incentive to the neigh¬ 
bors to do the same, this co-operation builds 
up the town ; Increases value of real estate; 
makes a good reputation for the commu¬ 
nity : keeps the inhabitants from selling 
out. and children from leaving the parental 
roof. Home is the sacred spot of all the 
earth. Haven in every storm, solace in 
sorrow, resting place to the weary, it fos¬ 
ters good: saves young and old from bad 
associations. Another advantage, inesti¬ 
mable, that follows outdoor improvements, 
is the benefit to health. The more useful 
the beautiful gardens and grounds become, 
the more pleasure will the family take in 
caring for them; the more time will men, 
women and children spend in healthful 
exercise in the open air. This is the genu¬ 
ine ‘ elixir of life,’ worth more than all the 
patented and unpatented medicines swal¬ 
lowed by the credulous. Strange! the 
people do not see that the home is a chief 
concern; that their worldly matters are 
secondary, and should help, never hinder, 
the making of our earthly abode the pre¬ 
sage and foretaste of the home above.” 
-Popular Science News : “ Nothing 
indicates more clearly the modem progress 
of medicine than the disappearance of the 
bulky and disagreeable boluses, powders, 
draughts and mixtures which the physi¬ 
cians of former times administered to their 
patients—in many cases, with but little 
effect, except to put an additional burden 
upon an already wearied and overloaded 
stomach. The Homeopathic physicians 
have, at least, shown that excessive medi¬ 
cation is unnecessary, and that no medica¬ 
tion will result in an equal number of 
cures in a great majority of cases, while 
the present tendency of all schools of 
medicine is to limit their prescriptions, 
both in number and quantity, and place 
more reliance upon hygienic and sanitary 
precautions, combiued with watchful anfl 
experienced nursing and care.” 
-Western N. Y. H. S.: “Where is the 
manure to come from to feed the rapidly 
increasing population of the earth ? If the 
night soil and all the waste of cities and 
villages could be returned to the land, the 
supply of fertilizers would be abundant; 
but we are met by this appalling fact: Our 
large towns call for a great increase of 
food every year—a terrible drain on the land 
and not one-tenth part of this food makes 
any return whatever to the soil that grew 
it.” 
-Philadelphia Press: "Most of the 
farmers who are complaining loudest about 
hard times and depression are those who 
have waded into debt beyond their depth.” 
-N. E. Farmer: “Many city residents 
have an idea that market gardening is 
light work which may be profitably done 
by persons in feeble health or advanced in 
years. But none ought to enter the busi¬ 
ness for profit except the young and vigor¬ 
ous. The man who is afraid of long days 
and who can work out only when the 
weather is just right, will never attain a 
high standing among market gardeners.” 
- John Gould : “ If there was ever a 
nation on earth which fast developed into 
a class of agricultural grumblers and farm 
depression orators, it is these United 
States.” 
-Christian Union: “The greatest 
thing one man can do for another is to 
open to him an opportunity. It is practi¬ 
cally all he can do toward helping him in 
the race of life. This truth is illustrated 
in every home, in every church, in every 
philanthropic effort of whatever sort.” 
-N. Y. Tribune : “ Making the feed of 
young chicks one-third sand is said to be 
a sure preventive of gapes.” 
-Lite Stock Indicator: “Well, I don’t 
believe in any ‘ over-production ’ when mil¬ 
lions are half-starved and not half- 
clothed.” 
- London Provisioner : “ Just 24 years 
ago the first horse butcher in Paris opened 
his shop. Since then there have been started 
nearly 140 horse flesh shops in the Depart¬ 
ment of the Seine, and at the present about 
20,000 horses are killed every year for human 
food. In Paris the price of the meat is less 
than half that of ordinary butcher’s meat. 
Berlin is following the example of Paris.” 
-How Crops Grow: “The ferments 
that figure in agricultural chemistry are 
closely related to and apparently de¬ 
rived from the albuminoids, but in no case 
has their chemical composition been estab¬ 
lished.” 
- Youth’s Companion : “ The future 
tense of due is done.” 
-COURANT: “The fact that Western 
farmers are coming East and buying so- 
called abandoned farms does not look 
like great agricultural prosperity out 
West.” 
Pd-sceUanetrusi 
Always name R. N.-Y. in writing to ad¬ 
vertisers. 
Weak 
and Weary 
In early summer the warmer weather is especially 
weakening and enervating, and that tired feeling 
prevails everywhere. The great benefit which people 
at this season derive from Mood’s Sarsaparilla proves 
that this medielne ”makes the weak strong.” It 
does not act like a stimulant, imparting fietituous 
strength, but Hood's Sarsaparilla builds up In a per¬ 
fectly natural way aU the weakened parts, and puri¬ 
fies the blood. 
Hood’s Sarsaparilla 
Sold bv all druggists. $1; six for *5. Prepared only 
by C. 1. HOOD & CO., Lowell, Mass. 
IOO Doses One Dollar 
For Internal and External Use. 
Stops Pain, Cramps, Inflammation in body or limb, 
like magic. Cures Croup. Asthma, Colds, Catarrh, Chol¬ 
era Morbus, Diarrho’a, Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Lame- 
back, Stiff Jointsand Strains. Full particulars free. Price 
36 eta. post-paid. 1. S. JOHNSON 2t CO., Boston, Moss. 
FOR SALE. 
Jersey Cows: “Liberty Belle” and "Quite Near.” 
P. B. CROSBY. Catonsvllle. Md. 
^ PISO'S CURE FOR ^ 
4 . 
CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS. „ 
Best Cough Syrup. Tastes good. Use 
In time. Sold by druggists. 
CONSUMPTION 
For a Disordered Liver 
Try BEECHAM’S PILLS. 
25cts. a Box. 
OP AJLi-L, DRUGGHSTS. 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE 
DO YOU WANT THE BEST? 
Tnen send fora Catalogue of the only 
herd in which IOO Cows have averaged 
19 lbs. and 18 have averaged 24 lbs. of 
butter per week. In which 96 Cows 
have averaged 16,019 lbs. of milk per 
year. 
WORSES* 
Clydesdale, Percheron, French Coach, 
American-bred Coach, Standard-bred 
Trotters, of the best and most Popular 
Breeding. 
Also Berkshire and Cheshire Swine. 
Separate Catalogues of Horses and Cattle. Prices 
low for high quality of stock. (In writing mention 
this paper.) 
SMITHS, POWELL & LAMB 
SYRACUSE. N. Y. 
HIGH CLASS JERSEY CAT¬ 
TLE-All registered In American 
Jersey Cattle Club. Bulls now in 
service are STOKE POGISSth. 59S7, 
sire of Ij young cows, testing from 
14 lbs. 14e 07.8. to 22 lbs. 12 ozs. of 
butter in 7 days. Full and only living brother of 
Stoke Pogls 3d, now dead, sire of 27 cows averaging 
over 20 lbs. of butter apiece per week. IDA’S RIOTER 
OF ST. L., 13656, Inbred son of Ida of St. Lambert; 
official butter test 30 lbs, ozs. In 7 days. No bull 
calf sold for less than $100, nor heifer for less than 
* 200 . 
Also Pure Bred ANGORA GOATS and Children’s 
Ponies. State what you want. No general catalogue. 
Trotting Horse catalogue sent on application. Ten 
Sons of the great Electioneer. Mention this paper. 
MILLER <Sc SIBLEY. Franklin.Venango Co.. Pa. 
TIN PLATE 
STEEL PLATE 
GALVANIZED 
AND COPPER 
SHINGLES. 
MANUFACTURED BT TH* 
NATIONAL SHEET METAL ROOFING CO. 
510 East 20tli St., New York City. 
Are, without any exception, the best in the 
world. Descriptive circular free. 
(H/'ThU advertisement appears every other week. 
PRACTICAL HINTS 
TO BUILDERS. 
Improved Edition, 1S90 
A LITTLE BOOK ofioo pages, con- 
taintng solid fact" that every maa 
contemplating BUILDING should 
know before letting his contracts* 
Shurtchapters on the kitchen chim- 
> neys,cistern, foundation, brickwork, 
mortar, cellar, heating, ventilation, the roof and many items 
of interest to builders. Mailed free on receipt of 10c. in pos¬ 
tage stamps. Address ^ 
NATIONAL SHEET METAL ROOFING CO. 
516 East 20tli St., New York City. 
(XT^This advertisement appears every other week. 
AGENTS WANTED FOR 
WILLIAMS’ GRINDER 
FOR MOWING MACHINE KNIVES. 
Introduced In 1889-proved a Great Success. Descrip¬ 
tive circulars sent free, and testimony from farmers 
proving beyond a question that it is the only perfect 
grinder for Mowing Machine Knives in use. The very 
liberal terms to agents given to the first applicant 
from any town where no agency is established. 
THE WILLIAMS BEOS. M’F'G CO 
Naubuc, Harttord Co., Conn. 
C7C OOfrtCORn 00-4 MONTH can be made 
9 I LU OZJU. ■ working for us. Persons pre¬ 
ferred who can furnish a horse and give their whole 
time to the business. Spare moments may be profitably 
emDloved also. A few vacancies in towns and cities, 
a Jr. JOHNSON & COu 1009 Alain SL. Richmond. Va. 
DEAF! 
■ NESS & HEAD NOISES CURED by 
Peck's INVISIBLE TUBULAR EAR 
wmm m m _ CUSHIONS. Whispers heard. Com¬ 
fortable. Successful whereull Iteroedlev fail. Sold by t. IflSCOX, 
A HANDY TOOL. 
The MAN AH AIT LASSEN HOOK 
Is a convenient device to be attached to the top of 
the ladder, for the purpose of holding it In position 
when placed upon the roofs of buildings, when In use 
for picking fruit, pruning trees, etc. It combines 
strength with light weight and small cost, and being 
reversible is entirely out of the way when closed. 
Regular Price, SI per Set; my Price, 50 
cents per set by mail, post-paid. Address 
N. E. FELLOWS, Box 4, Tenatly, N. J. 
