VOL. XLIX. NO. 2110. 
NEW YORK, JULY 5 , i 89 o. 
PRICE, FIVE CENTS. 
$2.00 PER YEAR. 
A YOUNG MOTHER; OTHER STOCK NOTES. 
On page 334, the R. N.-Y. gave a brief account of a heifer 
owned by Mr. J. H. Titsworth, of Pardee, Kansas, which 
dropped a calf when only 13 months and four days old. 
We have since secured a photograph of the little cow and 
her calf, anti give at Figure 150 an accurate drawing of the 
two. The little cow is a Jersey, while the sire of the calf 
is a two-year-old grade Short-horn. In sending us |the 
photograph, Mr. Titsworth says: “While the picture is a 
good one, the heifer seems larger than she really is, though 
when compared with my hight (five feet eight inches), 
standing beside her, her proper size may be better judged. 
She measures just three feet six-and-one-half inches high 
at the hip. She has been improving rapidly in condition 
since calving. She is very docile, 
and as gentle to milk as any 
cow of mature years. By a little 
care in shutting off her calf from 
her, not allowing it to run with 
her, her udder is developing to 
a fine size. The calf is doing 
finely.” 
The London Live Stock Jour¬ 
nal, in speaking of this incident, 
says that Mr. Titsworth’s state¬ 
ment deservps attention from 
English herd owners who allow 
their bull and heifer calves of a 
season to run together. It also 
says: “ This is not, we believe, 
the earliest instance on record, 
but it is a very early one and 
gives very strong rebuke to those 
who are careless of their heifer 
calves. It will generally be 
found that the victims of these 
mishaps are Jersey calves, which 
certainly are very precocious. 
But cases have occurred with 
pedigree Short-horns almost as 
early.” 
The same paper finds much 
that is interesting in the R. N.¬ 
Y.’s account of “ The Jumbos of 
Vermont,” and Mr. Talbot’s ex¬ 
periments with buffalo calves. 
Speaking of the “Jumbos,” the 
paper says: “The picture shows 
two red-and-white oxen of pecu- 
liar marking and character. 
Everybody seeing them will say, 
‘A couple of good Short-horns ’: 
yet they are Short horns such as 
we have not seen for many a year 
in England, and such as no 
friend to farmers wishes to see 
here again. We have got over 
the delusion that fine old bul¬ 
locks are good for grazier, 
butcher, or consumer. Even 
working oxen, which have spent 
the earlier part of their lives in 
honest labor, are not classed 
above drape cows and fat bulls, 
and such third-rate beeves. The 
cry of the dinner-table is for neat, 
small, not-too-fat joints. And 
everybody—whose eyes are not 
blinded with looking to see how the four-course system of 
cultivation can be reinforced—concurs in urging those 
who want to be paid for their grass and roots to confine 
themselves to producing small, early-ripened beasts and 
sheep.” 
In regard to the buffalo experiments the paper says: 
“Certain statements have appeared (and have been re¬ 
printed in England) that it was probahle that the cross¬ 
breeds between the bison of the prairies and the various 
English breeds of cattle would come into favor from the 
superiority of the beef and the value of the skins for robes. 
Indeed, it has been affirmed that the sealskin would have, 
metaphorically, to take a back seat in the company of fur 
producers; and that the hero and belle of the future 
would appear, iu winter, wrapped in a buffalo-kyloe skin. 
Mr. D. H. Talbot gives no encouragement to any such 
dreams of wealth from cross-bred herds. He affirms that 
of every 15 cows which fall in calf to a bison bull, half 
will die before delivery, six will save their lives by abort¬ 
ing, and that one live calf to the 15, is all that his experi¬ 
ence leads him to expect. He, in fact, affirms that the 
incongruity between sire and dam is so grpat that as soon 
as the foetus begins to have an independent life of its own, 
it exercises abnormal—and generally fatal—effects upon 
the cow carrying it; and that she either aborts and recov¬ 
ers or turns dropsical and dies before delivery. If this 
statement be true, it would be curious to learn to what 
stage, in crossing the half-bred bulls to the pure-bred 
cows, this effect of the foetus can be traced. Do the un. 
born calves of three-quarter European blood exercise the 
same fatal influence ? Is this less when the calf is seven- 
eighths, and so on ? The question of hybridity is a very im- 
kSP 
A YOUNG JERSEY MOTHER. Fig. 150. 
portant one, as bearing upon Darwin’s theory of evolution 
upon which so much is made to depend.” 
THE OBJECTS AND AIMS OF THE GRANGE. 
GOVERNOR CTRUS G. LUCE. 
The Grange organization is now and has been in active 
operation for about 18 years. It was organized and is 
for about 18 
maintained for five distinct though kindred purposes: 
First, to improve the farmer, his wife, sons and daughters 
intellectually; second, to improve him morally and 
strengthen and unify the moral forces found in the 
rural homes; third, to elevate and improve socially; 
fourth, to protect and benefit him financially ; fifth, to in¬ 
crease his political power. It has certainly accomplished 
much in all of these lines of action. The farmer is edu¬ 
cated by coming in contact with his fellow farmers. He 
can and does through the influence thus exerted become 
more successful and prosperous. The success achieved in 
this direction is perceptible in every neighborhood where a 
good live Grange exists. Its meetings are conducted and 
governed by the same parliamentary rules observed by 
deliberative bodies everywhere, and in this way members 
become somewhat skilled in the methods adopted by con¬ 
ventions, associations, etc. They are also taught to think, 
speak and write, and in this way broaden and deepen 
thought, and stimulate action in a way that shall make 
them wiser and better citizens. 
The mothers, wives and daughters become active mem¬ 
bers and are endowed with all the rights and privileges of 
the fathers, husbands and brothers. The Grange has 
accomplished wonders for the farmers’ wives; it has re¬ 
lieved toil, to a great extent, of 
its drudgery. It has elevated 
and stimulated their ambition 
and aspirations. By families 
coming in contact with families, 
husbands have been compelled 
to think in relation to the bur¬ 
dens borne by the wives. The 
farmer’s calling in and of itself 
does not stimulate the mental 
activities to the extent that many 
other vocations do, and hence an 
organization that shall aid him, 
or even compel him to think, is 
required by nim to a greater ex¬ 
tent than by other men. 
The Grange in its declaration 
of purposes pronounces strongly 
in favor of the highest morality. 
It teaches this in the Grange 
room. It tries to concentrate 
and utilize the moral forces. 
While not claiming that the 
farmers are all saints and other 
people all sinners, the members 
generally, as I believe society 
does everywhere, concede that 
the highest average of morality 
is found out in the country wnere 
the temptations are fewer. It 
has struggled long and faith¬ 
fully to stimulate and elevate 
all social life, and in many places 
it has accomplished wonders in 
this direction. The bright-eyed 
boys and girls in the country 
have the same social aspirations, 
the same desires for association 
with their fellows that actuate 
their brothers and sisters in 
cities. There has been no duty 
imposed by parentage oftener 
neglected than that which de¬ 
mands of parents opportunities 
for the social enjoyment and im¬ 
provement of their sons and 
daughters, and the Grange came 
in to use its Influence and oper¬ 
ates to supply this long-felt want. 
And again, the isolated condi¬ 
tion of the farmer renders him 
too often a fit subject for the 
wiles of the speculators and 
sharpers, and the Grange comes 
in with its words of admonition to aid and protect its mem¬ 
bers from Imposition and loss. It also invites all to study 
the market values of their products as well as of the imple¬ 
ments, goods and wares which they purchase, and while it 
has not made a speciality of doing business to any great 
extent, it stands ready at all times to protect its members 
from extortion. Its great mission is not to tea** down, but 
to build up; not to destroy, but to create ; not to oppress, 
but to protect, and in doing this it opposes laws that open 
wide the doors for extortion. In this State it has done 
much to avoid the payment of royalty to shysters and 
patent right speculators. It has achieved a great success 
in the courts, and has protected the farmer generally from 
speculators in royalties. It stands ready to buy imple¬ 
ments in quantity where the dealers will not supply at 
fair rates. 
It encourages the building up of manufactures and the 
growth of towns ,by encouraging its members to become 
A M SI 
