44o 
Publisher's Desk. 
To Save Is to Have. 
BOTTOM PRICES. 
The editors and correspondents have been 
giving us some practical lessons on buying 
farm implements and. household supplies. 
Now it occurs to me to say that many of our 
readers have bought these things through 
The R. N.-Y.’s subscription department, 
and nearly always at a great saving in cost. 
Any man who has a little spare time on 
stormy days or evenings to solicit subscrip, 
tions for The R. N.-Y. and The American 
Garden may thus pay the whole cost of 
many a useful article needed on the farm, 
and he may always by this means pay at 
least a portion of the cost of any article, 
the commission on the subscriptions se¬ 
cured going for this purpose, the remainder 
of the cost being paid in cash. And we 
guarantee to make the total cost of any 
article so secured through The R. N.-Y. the 
lowest cash price. We invite correspon¬ 
dence on this topic. 
THE FREE EDUCATION. 
It is encouraging to receive many letters 
of warm indorsement of our free educa¬ 
tion offers, from college presidents, gov¬ 
ernors of States and prominent farmers. 
These men know the value of education, 
for by its help they have won position and 
honor. They know and appreciate the 
spirit and character of our proposition, and 
are properly using their influence to in¬ 
terest young men to work for its inesti¬ 
mable benefits. 
We are happy to say, too, that a fair 
number of young men and women also 
appreciate the opportunity we offer them 
and are laboring valiantly to achieve success 
in the work. But there is plenty of terri¬ 
tory not yet engaged, so that any one really 
in earnest may thus pay for his education 
in whole or in part. Further, thorough 
work done now in any territory may be 
credited to apply in connection with next 
winter’s work for any one who may wish to 
go to school or college next year in pref¬ 
erence to goiDg next fall, for any reason, 
personal or pecuniary. 
We invite correspondence with any boy 
or girl who wants to work for an education. 
Let them tell us their wants and ambitions 
and the chances are that we will be able to 
help them. 
MOSSBACK AND PROGRESS. 
MONEY IN EDUCATION. 
“ Mossback paid for his farm in 51 years. 
Progress has done it in 13.” That is the differ¬ 
ence between the educated young farmer of 
to-day and the man who said that educa¬ 
tion is worth “ nawthin’ ” on the farm, as 
told in Mr. Chapman’s admirable paper on 
another page of this issue. Young men, 
read that article ; read about the new law 
to give all the agricultural colleges each a 
government grant of $25,000 a year income 
for the education of ypung men to be farm¬ 
ers. Then tell us whether you think an educa¬ 
tion is worth working for. Here, side by 
side, is the testimony of some of the ablest 
men in America, thinkers and statesmen, 
and of practical farmers as well. Mr. 
Chapman’s article is full of bright thought 
and practical sense, and we have others 
as good to follow, from farmers, statesmen 
and educators. Watch ! 
The third number of The Rural is at 
hand in response to my acceptance of your 
trial offer. To say that 1 am well pleased 
with The R. N.-Y., is a very feeble, feeble 
form of words to express my full and un¬ 
bounded satisfaction. I feared when I sent 
for it that it would be of but little value to 
the cultivator in South Florida; but I find 
upon careful and interested perusal that it 
is a really valuable paper worth more than 
THE RURAL 
NEW-YORKER. 
TULY 5 
double its subscription price to any culti¬ 
vator of land, in whatever part of the 
Union he may reside. It is a complete 
paper, and touches every phase of our daily 
life, treating, as it does, of just those topics 
about which every thinking mind desires 
information. Surely, it is well worth its 
weight in gold, and as I have been more or 
less a newspaper man during the past 40 
years. I believe I know a good paper when 
I see it. s. S. A. 
Orange County, Fla. 
Readers will kindly bear in 
mind that the R. N.-Y. clubs with 
all respectable periodicals and 
will guarantee to them the low¬ 
est possible combination rates. 
We cannot afford the space 
which a standing list in detail 
would require. The following 
may serve as illustrations : 
R. N.-Y. and the New York Weekly 
World, $2.25. 
R. N.-Y. and the Chicago Inter-Ocean, 
$2.50. 
R. N.-Y. and Harper’s Magazine, $5. 
R. N.-Y. and The Century, $5.50. 
R. N.-Y. and American Garden, $3. 
R. N.-Y. and Christian Union, $4.50. 
Live Stock Notes. 
Ferret Breeding.— Our readers would 
be surprised to learn hew many farmers 
employ rat catchers to clear their premises 
of rats. These rat catchers use ferrets 
almost entirely, and it is said that there is 
a good demand for these ferocious little 
animals. 
Cost of a Colt.— Some of the English 
papers are trying to secure figures showing 
the cost of producing a four-year-old colt. 
Most of the estimates we have seen range 
from $150 to $350, depei ding upon the cost 
of service and the fact that the mare some¬ 
times works and sometimes remains idle. 
The R. N-Y.* would like to know what it 
costs to raise a colt in this country. We 
also want to know how many colts the 
average American farm ought to carry. 
Hackneys for America.— Speaking of 
a consignment of Hackney horses which re 
cently left England, The London Live 
Stock Journal says: “Not since Messen¬ 
ger left British shores to found a new 
breed of horses in America, has such an 
important consignment of the best speci¬ 
mens of our best equine representatives 
sailtd out of a British port, as that which 
slipped down under the leafy hills of North 
Woolwich on Sunday last. The Denmark 
had on boaid undoubtedly the best repre¬ 
sentatives of the British Hackney which 
have ever left British shores, and it is con¬ 
soling to know that though we have parted 
with them, we still have left some very in¬ 
teresting nest eggs to carry on with.” 
Long Races. —There seems to be a desire 
on the part of many horsemen to encour¬ 
age long distance races for roadsters and 
trotting horses. Several reports of 10 and 
12-mile races over ordinary country roads 
are at hand. It is argued that the roadster 
needed is not the one that can put all his 
power into a one mile dash; but one that 
can cover a good distance at a rapid pace 
without stopping to rest. These long 
races, it is said, encourage the breeding of 
such animals. In some cases the managers 
of the race go even lurther than this and 
combine harnessing the horse and loading 
the wagon with the horse’s speed. The 
prize goes to the man who can harness his 
horse, load his wagon and drive a certain 
distance in the quickest time. These are 
the races that should take the place of the 
trotting at our country fairs. 
Pig-Feeding Experiments.— Prof. E. 
Davenport, of the Michigan Agricultural 
College, publishes the results of some ex¬ 
periments in feeding Berkshire, Duroc- 
Jersey and Poland China sw'ine. The pigs 
w ere all lair specimens of their breeds, ex¬ 
cept that the Poland Chinas were ** too 
leggy” and grew tender and footsore. 
Their food was composed of equal parts of 
corn and oats ground together and mixed 
with twice its weight of fine middlings, 
except during the periods from Augusts 
to IS, and from October 1 to 7, when they 
were fed on fine middlings alone. All the 
pigs led better on the mixed feed. The 
grain was stirred into cold water and left 
to stand for six hours, or from one feeding 
till the next, except on a few’ cold nights 
when there >vas danger of freezing. The 
experiment began .July 16, 1889, and ended 
January 31, 1890. During that period the 
Duroc-Jer&eys gained 435 pounds, or an 
average daily gain of 2.59 pounds per pair, 
the Berkshires 355 pounds, or a daily gain 
of 2.11 pounds per pair, and the Poland 
Chinas 311 pounds, or a daily gain of 1.S5 
pound. It cost 4.65 pounds of grain to 
make one pound of pork from the Duroc- 
J erseys, 5.22 pounds with the Berkshires 
and 5.S7 with the Poland Chinas. These 
figures do not tell the whole story. When 
the pigs were killed the Polands were past 
their best, and the Berkshires were gaining 
very slowly. Had the experiment been 
terminated six weeks before, the Polands 
would have shown a daily gain of 2 23 
pounds at a cost of 4.94 pounds of grain 
for each pound of weight gained. The 
flesh of these pigs was cooked and tested. 
It was unanimously decided that the meat 
of the animals which were making the 
greatest gains was sweetest and most 
tender. The lesson very forcibly taught 
by this experiment is, that there is a point 
of profit in the feeding of every hog. When 
this point is reached the hog should be 
slaughtered. Grain fed to him after that 
will not produce as much pork per pound 
as that fed before. If a scrub is fed to just 
the right point and then killed it will pay 
better than a thoroughbred that is fed past 
its prime. 
Horse Notes.— Here are some notes 
from one of our subscribers in New York 
State. “ I consider the manure from a colt 
worth at least $12.50 a year, which makes 
the colt and the manure from him worth 
$112 50. I never have sold a young horse 
for less than $125 and the price has run up 
to $175, and 1 find that all I get over the 
cost of raising is profit. I don’t think the 
market will ever be so overstocked with 
horses that it will not pay to raise them. 
Never before the last few years have so 
many farmers asked me where they could 
get a breeding mare. I think that most 
farmers should have at least one breeding 
mare and a few sheep ; I find it pays better 
to have mutton and lambs to sell than to 
have to buy the meat. Some farmers think 
it doesn’t pay to pasture sheep on good, 
smooth land which they can mow; but the 
better the land the more pasture it will 
afford which will make the lambs all the 
fatter and the carcass all the heavier; and 
the sooner the lambs get their growth the 
sweeter and tenderer their meat.” 
A. M. L. 
Sultan Poultry.— It is said that a few 
of this breed of fowls were sent to England 
from Turkey in 1854. In Turkey they 
are called Serai-taook: Serai being the name 
of the Sultan’s palace, while taook is Turk¬ 
ish for fowl. Miss Watts, who imported 
these birds into England describes them 
as follows: “They rather resemble our 
White Polands, but with more abundant 
feathering and bhorter legs, which are vul¬ 
ture-hocked, or feathered to the toes. In 
general habits they are brisk and happy- 
tempered ; but they are not kept in as easily 
as Cochins. They are very good layers and 
their eggs are large and white; they are 
non-sitters, and small eaters. They are 
about the size of Polish fowls. Their 
plumage is white and flowing. They have 
a full sized, compactcrest, are muffed, have 
a good flowing tail, short, well-feathered 
legs, and five toes on each foot. The comb 
is merely two little points, and the wattles 
very small. I have never seen fowls more 
fully decorated—full tail, abundant fur¬ 
nishing, the hackle almost touching the 
ground, boots, vulture hocks, beards, 
whiskers, and full, round crests. The color 
is pure white, and when in full plumage 
the fowl is very handsome.” 
The Horse’s Delicate Nose.—A writer 
in Turf, Field and Farm givessome interest¬ 
ing facts regarding a horse’s sense of smell. 
A horse will leave musty hay untouched in 
his bin, however hungry. He will not 
drink of water objectionable to his quest¬ 
ioning sniff, or from a bucket which some 
odor makes offensive, however thirsty. 
His intelligent nostril will widen, quiver 
and query over the daintiest bit offered by 
the fairest of hands with coaxing that 
would make a mortal shut his eyes and 
swallow a nauseous mouthful at a gulp. 
A mare is never satisfied by either sight or 
whinny that her colt is really her own until 
she has a certified nasal certificate to the 
fact. A blind horse, now living, will not 
allow the approach of any stranger without 
showing signs of anger not safely to be dis¬ 
regarded. The distinction is evidently 
made by his sense of smell and at a con¬ 
siderable distance. Blind horses, as a rule, 
will gallop wildly about a pasture without 
striking the surrounding fence. The sense 
of smell informs them of its proximity. 
Others will, when loosened from the stable] 
go directly to the gate or bars opened to their 
accustomed feeding grounds, and when de¬ 
siring to return, alter hours of careless 
wandering, will distinguish one outlet and 
patiently await its opening. The odor of 
that particular part of the fence is their 
pilot to it. 
Clydesdales and Shires Favored.— 
Galbraith Bros., of Janesville, Wis., have 
this to say on the draft-horse question : 
“ For draft purposes we prefer the Clydes¬ 
dale and English Shire, and for the follow¬ 
ing reasons:—These breeds have, in our 
opinion and experience, almost invariably 
heavier bones and stronger constitutions 
than any other, and being strongly and 
systematically bred for many generations, 
have greater prepotency than the French 
horses. The grades are, we find, in better 
demand generally, both for farm and city 
work, and especially is this the case where 
it is necessary for th£m to draw heavy 
loads, it being an admitted fact that they 
can outpull the Normans every time. Of 
course, we do not claim that all grades 
from British sires are good, any more than 
that all from French horses are inferior; 
but, speaking generally, this is our experi¬ 
ence. We do not think that Michigan, 
Indiana or any of the Central or West¬ 
ern States, have any special advan¬ 
tage for raising such horses, all of them 
being, in our opinion, alike favorable to 
raising this class of stock, provided the 
animals receive proper care. Any part of 
the United States or Canada, with the ex¬ 
ception of the warm Southern States, is 
well adapted for the raising of heavy 
horses, W e may also mention that there 
is a large demand for carriage horses say, 
16 hands high, and weighing from 1,200 to 
1,400 pounds each ; stylish and good travel¬ 
ers. To produce this class of horses we 
consider the English Cleveland Bay the 
best adapted, for the reason that he is 
more pure y bred and has much more uni¬ 
formity of color and formation than the 
French Coacher, although in some cases 
we admit that the latter is a finer-looking 
horse, and seems to take well with the 
American people at the present time. If 
the English Hackneys had a little more 
size they would be vastly superior to 
either of the above breeds, having more 
stamina, much better quality, and very 
much superior action. In breeding Coach 
horses, however, the farmer has to bear in 
mind that good mares are as essential as 
good stallions; considerable disappoint¬ 
ment is apt to follow the use of even the 
best stallions on inferior mares, or mares 
not suited for that particular kind of a 
horse. The science of successful breeding 
is one requring constant study and atten¬ 
tion.” 
A Condensed Milk Dairy.— On the farm 
of Mr. James Turner ot Lansing, Michigan, 
a herd of cows is kept for supplying milk to 
a condensed-milk factory. The cows are 
purchased anywhere—even at the Chicago 
stock yards. They are of all races and colors, 
Short-horns predominating. The milk from 
each is weighed and as each has an ear tag 
and number a correct record is easily kept. 
Then when the record shows that an animal 
is giving less than 20 pounds of milk per 
day, she goes to the butcher. As soon as 
•the milk is strained it is placed in cans and 
putin an immense tank, which is kept filled 
Pi.srcUaneous gMUTrtisinfl. 
In writing to advertisers please always 
mention The Rural. 
LINSEED OIL MEAL, 
For Feeding all Domestic Animals. 
Use with your other feed at least One- 
Third Linseed Oil Jlenl. 
Write us for Prices and other particulars, and 
mention the Rural New-Yorker. 
DETROIT LINSEED OIL CO., 
Detroit, Mich. 
University of the State of New York. 
AMERICAN 
VETERINARY COLLEGE, 
139 and Hi West 5tth St., New-York City. 
SIXTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION 
Clruclarand Information can be had on application to 
1>. A. LIAUT \R1), V. M., Dean of the Faculty. 
Ease, Comfort and Til rift i 
THE BEST CATTLE FASTENING! 
SMITH’S SELr-ADJUSTINS SWIN0 STANCHION. 
J i? - The only practical Swing Stanchion invented. 
Thousands In use. Illustrated Circular free. Men¬ 
tion Kpral Nkw-Yorkkr. 
F. «. PARSOXH A CO.. Addison. Steuben CO..N.Y 
Berkshire 
AND 
Yorkshire 
Pigs of eho'eo 
prize strains, 
ellvltde to reg¬ 
istry. Pigs of 
different ages 
for sale. Prices 
reasonnhir.W. 
B HARVEY, 
West Gbovk, 
Pa. 
CliCTD SOUTH Du wn, I » nn n o 
OnCCr Shropshire, LArVltSO 
COTSWOLD. OXFORD DOWN AND 51 HR I NO. Bred 
from highest class prize winning stock Lambs 
ready for shipping August 1: also a few choice Rams 
and Ewes 1. 3 and 3-year old. of all the above breeds. 
A number of prise winners ready for shipmeut about 
the middle of October. 
YORKSHIRE PICS. 
J ICRS'* Y REDS. I'HESTKR WHITE. POLAN ) 
CHIVAS, BERKSHIRE. Spring lit'ers ready tor Im 
mediate shipment Also several Rough Coated Seoieu 
Collie Bitches. 1 to 2 years old. Write at once fir 
prices. W. AHee Burpee dc Co., Philadelphia, i a. 
HOG CHOLERA AND SWINE PLAGUE 
PREVENTED 
and CURED. 
Particulars’, 
and 
Information 
Free. 
AGENTS 
WA ATE D. 
W. M. DOLE, 
71 Clinton Street, Boston. Mass. 
E COMING HOG. 
Not liable to Cholera. 
PID GROWTH. SPLENDID 
EXHIBITION. 
FOR FOOD OON3UMED 
2 WEIGHED 280ft LB8 
L.B. Silver Co. Cleveland,O. 
N 
To. I Poland Cliitia Pigs, from registered stock, 
only $5.Ud each. L. W. STRONG, Seville, Ohio. 
NKW Y« RK COLLFUK OK 
Veterinary Surgeons 
Lectures will begin October 1, 189b, For circular ad¬ 
dress Secretary, 333 Last 21 th Street, New YorkjCUy 
