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695 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
TWO FAIR FAIRS. 
The Ohio State Fair. 
(RURAL special report.) 
Horses.—T here were more than 500 en¬ 
tries and it was with difficulty that stable 
room was provided. 
Cattle. —There were 456 head of cattle 
on exhibition, the largest number ever 
shown at the State fair. The Short-horns 
led with 123 head, shown by a large num¬ 
ber of exhibitors. Several bulls that 
weighed over a ton each were shown. 
There were but 21 head of Herefords. 
There were five exhibitors of Devons, show¬ 
ing 65 head, and seven herds of Holsteins, 
numbering 67 head There were 33 head of 
Aberdeen-Angus and 72 head of Jerseys. 
The latter were not up to the standard of 
former exhibits. They appeared to have 
been bred too much for color, while too 
little attention was paid to form and milk 
and butter qualities. In color they were 
all that could be desired, but in some of 
the real merits of the Jersey they were de¬ 
ficient. 
Sheep.— There were 453 head of sheep on 
exhibition, which was one of the largest 
ever made in Ohio. The number of nearly 
all the breeds represented was greater than 
ever before at the State fair The Merinos 
led with 125 head from eight flocks. A 
considerable number of good bucks were 
sold for shipment to Australia. The sales 
of Downs, especially of Shropshire Downs, 
were good. Here, too, the complaint was 
made that the judges were partial to over¬ 
fat sheep. But their decisions were in keep¬ 
ing with the preferences of the buyers, who 
purchased mostly from the fattest flocks. 
One exhibitor who received first premiums 
on everything he entered for competition 
said that one can not have his sheep too fat 
for showing or for selling at the fair. Sev¬ 
eral yearlings (18 months old) were shown 
that weighed 230 to 240 pounds each. 
Swine.— There were about 400 head of 
hogs, which number has not been exceeded 
since the fair has been on the new grounds, 
if at all. The Poland Chinas were most 
numerous, there being 176 head. Berkshires 
and Chester Whites came next in point of 
numbers, there being about half as many 
of each as there were of Poland Chinas. 
There was but one herd of Duroc- Jerseys 
and no Essex. Although but few of the 
swine were excessively fat, there were many 
too fat for breeding. 
Poultry. —The exhibit of poultry was 
far ahead of any previous display at the 
State fair both in numbers and in merit. 
There were 1,225 birds, ranging in size from 
the pigmy Bantam pullet, weighing, full- 
grown, 15 ounces, to the gigantic Asiatics, 
like the Light Brahmas and Cochins, the 
cocks weighing 16 pounds. There were 12 ex¬ 
hibitors, and the competition was very close. 
The prize Light Brahma cock was pur¬ 
chased for §20 One man showed 257 birds, 
and was awarded $180 in premiums. 
Farm Products. —The large building set 
aside for farm products, horticultural pro¬ 
ducts and flowers by professionals, was 
completely filled with this class of exhibits. 
There was a noticeable deficiency in the 
exhibits of cereal products, and of grains 
in bushel and half-bushel quantities, telling 
very plainly of the condition of the last 
W’heat, oats and rye harvests in Ohio. 
Vegetables were in abundance and there 
was quite a large lot of corn; but the lat¬ 
ter was not of as fine quality as has been 
shown here. Of potatoes, too, there w r ere 
many exhibitors showing more varieties 
than heretofore ; but they were not so fine 
as they have been some years. 
No exhibit in this building was of more 
practical interest than that of the Ohio Ex¬ 
periment Station. Several members of the 
efficient staff of officers were in attendance 
during the fair, and there were people all 
the time making inquiries concerning the 
work at the station. In the exhibit of the 
station there was a display of 15 varieties 
of onions grown in the ordinary way from 
seed sown in drill*, where tlmywere to re¬ 
main until the crop was harvested. In 
another series were shown the same 15 va¬ 
rieties grown upon the same area of 
ground, but from seeds started in the 
greenhouse, the plants having beeu trans¬ 
planted to the ground where the crop ma¬ 
tured. Not only were the onions much 
larger In size where transplanted, but the 
crop was very much greater. The station 
showed, also, 61 varieties of wheat in the 
straw, affording au opportunity for com¬ 
parison of size and general appearance of 
the different kinds. In front of each 
specimen was a jar of the thrashed grain. 
There were 48 varieties of oats shown in 
the same manner. The entomological di¬ 
vision exhibited 16 cases of insects, chiefly 
butterflies and moths. 
There were five county exhibits of farm 
products, and two of them were very fine. 
Wood County had an especially good and 
well arranged exhibit. 
Horticultural Products. — Although 
this has been a poor fruit year in Ohio, 
there was a goodly display at the fair. 
There were about 1,000 plates of apples, in¬ 
cluding the county exhibits, but most of 
the varieties were of inferior quality. There 
were 300 entries of single plates of varie¬ 
ties. There were 137 plates of pears, nearly 
all by two growers. - The peach display was 
as meager as any ever made, consisting of 
but 16 plates of varieties and two or three 
plates in the county exhibits. The grape 
exhibit, taking size, quality and appear¬ 
ance into account, was by far the best ever 
seen. There were 410 plates, many of which 
contained perfect specimens of their respec¬ 
tive varieties. 
Woman’s Building.— This is believed 
to be the only building of any great 
size at any State fair in the United 
States that is devoted exclusively to 
woman’s work. Excluding the Centen¬ 
nial, this year’s exhibit in this depart 
ment exceeds that of any other year in 
size and the variety of the display. There 
were entries in all the classes, and up¬ 
wards of 5,000 exhibits. In one corner 
of the building there was a large and 
varied display of home-made pickles, jellies, 
preserves, etc. Needle work in its various 
applications occupied a major part of the 
first floor of the building, and much of the 
second floor. The south end of the second 
floor was devoted to china painting. The 
exhibits of this dainty ware were very fine. 
W. S. DEVOL. 
The New York State Fair. 
(RURAL SPECIAL REPORT.) 
Buildings and Machinery.— The build¬ 
ings for stock are made so that every animal 
can be seen. There are walks on both sides 
and an alley-way between, and the upper 
floor serves as sleeping room for the attend¬ 
ants. They are grouped with one end to 
the avenue and the other near the next 
building, so as to make them nearly con¬ 
tinuous, which saves walking. The floors 
are raised from the ground so that stock can 
be loaded into a wagon at any point. 
Fruits and Vegetables.— The fruit 
and vegetable exhibits were not large. 
Ellwanger & Barry showed 116 varieties of 
pears, 31 of grapes. 26 of plums and one of 
quince. Diel is a first class winter pear, 
the most profitable for market. The Lom¬ 
bard Plum and Worden and Moore’s Early 
Grapes were recommended for farmers. 
Where there is danger of frost the Cham¬ 
pion should be tried. 
Live Stock. —George Gough, Hartwick, 
N. Y., showed 13 head of Cheviot sheep- 
large and fine animals. He received three 
first and one second premium. Mr. Curry 
of the same place, also showed 24 head of 
the same breed. They are of the middle- 
wool class and they grow larger in this 
country than in their native land. Wood¬ 
ward & Jacques, Lockport, N. Y., exhibited 
14 Hampshire Down and 17 Dorset sheep. 
The Dorset will breed twice a year and 
averages in weight 180 pounds. The fleece 
weighs six to eight pounds, and is medium 
combing wool. One of the finest exhibits 
was the2l head of Shropshire Downs shown 
by George Ingersol, Fonda, N. Y. They 
were solid, compact, mutton sheep from 
imported stock. W. R. Forrest, Kauona, 
displayed a shepherd’s table for shearing, 
tagging and tying up wool: it must be very 
handy. 
Freeman & Button, Cottons, N. Y., 
showed 28 head of Cheshire swine, among 
them an extra fine litter of pigs. “ Natty 
Bumpo,” three years old, weighs 800 pounds, 
and was the largest Cheshire ou theground. 
E. W. Davis, Oneida, N. Y., has sold 
Cheshires the second time to 312 different 
customers. He claims all registered stock 
is from his breeding and he has made the 
Cheshires what they are. They mature 
early and will outweigh other breeds at nine 
months, and excel in quality of meat. It 
is wrong ou the part of the judges to be in¬ 
fluenced in their awards by the fatness of 
the animals; but in many classes one has to 
fatten stock till it is ruined in order to get 
a premium. This is the case not only with 
hogs but with cattle and horses too. 
Smiths, Powell & Lamb occupied one 
whole building with cattle, which were not 
entered for competition, and standard- 
bred trotters, Clydes, Percherons, French 
Coachers and other kinds of horses. They 
have 1,000 acres adjoining the fair grounds 
and also 400 acres of nurseries. King 
Alcazar, a California yearling, weighing 
about 950 pounds, won the first premium. 
Some grade coach and trotting blood stock 
were good business horses. They received 
19 first, eight second and two gold medals 
on horses. Franconi, seven years, one of 
their last lot of 15 imported French Coach 
horses, was a beauty. They own 150 head 
of horses and 250 of cattle. The bull 
Netherland Statesman is a clean-cut beast, 
and imparts excellent dairy qualities. The 
enormous udders and yellow hides of the 
cows partially prepared one for their ex¬ 
traordinary butter yields. Three of them 
have made 100 pounds or over in 30 days, 
and 100 animals average 19.26 pounds of 
butter in a week. Their feed is equal parts 
by weight of bran and ground oats with a 
trifle of oil-meal to keep the bowels in good 
condition, for a butter ration; add corn 
meal; the average amount of grain fed is 
12 to 16 pounds each. Henry Stevens, of 
Laconia, had 75 head Holstein-Friesians in 
the Advanced Registry. His herd is 
headed by Peiterje Netherland, son of 
Peiterje 3d, a superior animal. One of his 
cows has the largest two and four-year-old 
milk record ever made by any breed. He 
would feed three parts of shorts, four parts 
of corn-meal with a little oil-meal. At the 
present low prices, he would advise the use 
of thoroughbred males at least. Two of 
his cows and two three year old heifers 
gave to-day 207 po inds of milk in 24 hours. 
J. B. Dutcher, Pawling, N. Y., has a son of 
Peiterje 2nd, which has a record of 30,318 
pounds of milk in a year. De Kol 2nd’s 
Queen has the largest three-year old butter 
record, 28 pounds seven ounces in seven 
days. Netherland De Kol, a two-year-old, 
has a record of 20 pounds five ounces in 
seven days. These are both daughters of 
De Kol 2nd, whose record is 33 pounds six 
ounces in seven days. A six months-old 
heifer out of De Kol 2nd, was sold for $1,500 
last week. The ration for butter is three 
parts of bran, two of ground oats and one 
of corn-meal by measure. Holstein butter 
received the first premium for quality. 
A pair of Jersey steers shown by Mrs. D. 
C. Curtis were as quick as cats. A. H. 
Cooley, Little Britain, showed 20 Jerseys, 
all one bull’s get—Mahkunac 3290. He re¬ 
ceived the special herd prize for bull and 
produce, and first on his cow, Angellia 69404. 
She is not handsome, but wins on her dairy 
qualities. He also got other prizes. He 
would have received the A. J. C. C. special 
premium, but was shut out from competi¬ 
tion by a mistake. He thinks a good deal of 
bran is needed, especially for growth, and 
feeds large quantities of it. E. R. Colson, 
Byron, N. Y., showed a fine bull in Byron’s 
Rioter, a grandson of Stoke Pogis 5th. He 
is large and vigorous, with a fine horn. 
The young stock resemble him. A hand¬ 
some inbred Rioter heifer won the first 
premium. A three-year old heifer, Lily C, 
was extra. He uses corn and oil-meal and 
bran. Ayer & McKinney, T. R. Proctor, 
and many others show splendid specimens. 
S. Spencer & Son, Kiantone, N. Y., exhib¬ 
ited Short-horns. They have won prizes 
for milk and butter tests iu Missouri, Ken¬ 
tucky and New York. They receive $100, 
the highest prize offered on any single ani¬ 
mal, on Kitty Clay 2nd; record, 70 pounds 
of milk aud 19 pounds, 10 ounces of butter. 
A. Morse, Oxford, N. Y., ^showed dairy 
Short-horns. A good cow is Maid of Ox¬ 
ford 3d, four years old; record, 11,000 pounds 
of milk in eleven months, and she carried 
a cal f. His rations for butter consist of corn 
and oats equal parts by weights. 
Washburn & Knowlton, New London, O., 
showed nine Herefords,—the great beef 
breed. They were the fattest cattle I ever 
saw for grass-fed animals. Some weighed 
1,000 pounds at one year. One calf, eight 
months old, weighed 950 pounds. The feed 
of stock bulls was two quarts of wheat 
bran, two quarts of middlings and grass. 
The Red Polled shown by Charles Oster, 
Ava, N. Y., were fine specimens; some 
weighed 2,000 pouuds when four years. 
The grades have no horns. 
Among the Ayrshires, T. G. Nankin 
showed Lady Rufus, which scored 96 per 
cent., the highest score ever made by auy 
cow of •vuy breed. As she was being led 
into the stall she dropped dead. An exam¬ 
ination snowed that a pieco of hay wire, 
two inches long, which had been cut off by 
a cutter, had pierced her heart. Great care 
must be taken iu cutting food to keep out 
harmful articles. I understood she had 
not beeu fed cut feed for a long time. A. 
S. Tubbs, of Mexico, N. Y., showed a splen¬ 
did cow, Vinewood Queen, a member of 
four gold-medal herds. All of her off¬ 
spring take first prizes when shown. The 
bull Peerless Douglas, her son, at two 
years was head of a herd at Columbus, O. 
He took the gold medal and the first prize 
for bull and his produce at Springfield, 
Mass. One such cow is worth a fortune as 
a breeder. E. C. Holden’s herd attracted 
mv attention on account of their large and 
well placed teats. Small teats are the rule 
in many families of this breed. In his 
herd 425 pounds of milk made 21 pounds of 
butter. He has a yoke of six-year old bulls 
which do good work. 
One Holstein which had been dishorned 
was very ugly. The keeper said the dis¬ 
horning made him quiet for a time, but 
the good effects did not last. 
J. H. Converse, Woodville, N. Y., showed 
a herd which have taken eight herd prizes 
at large shows all over the country. 
Twenty five head of Swiss cattle, owned 
by Waiter Fish, Mystic, Connecticut, at¬ 
tracted no little attention. They are claimed 
to be the “ grandmothers ” of the Jersey, 
which they resemble in markings, but they 
are larger. One cow gave 50 pounds of milk 
per day in summer and 40 pounds in winter. 
They test 20 per cent, of cream. Dr. Law, 
of Cornell University, who was in attend¬ 
ance during the fair to aid any one who 
might need his services, said: “ Napoleon 
the III. used to keep a herd of Swiss cattle 
on the farm near Paris and gave the poor 
people sweet milk and fresh rolls every 
Sunday. 
Among the crowd of horses I noticed a 
grade black English Coach stallion belong¬ 
ing to Henry Manger, Fayette, N. Y. This 
class nick in well with good native mares, 
and the foals are good steppers. W. C. 
Albertson, North Rush, N. Y., showed a 
black stallion, Roscoe Conkling—trial 2.22)£ 
—which was a model of symmetry. His 
Percheron and French Coach horses showed 
skill. He regards the grade Coach as the 
best general-purpose horse for a farmer. 
Scott’s Hoof Paste Company, Rochester, 
make a salve for cuts and all skin diseases, 
which many of the noted horsemen assured 
me could not be excelled. A silver bay 
road mare valued at $1,000 was shown by 
S. A. Spaulding, Memphis. N. Y. She was 
a standard-bred trotter. After comparing 
her with the ponderous draft-horses one 
could realize the truth of the statement: 
“ Every thing is best in its place.” 
C. E CHAPMAN. 
gtti.sceUmteousi 
Advertisers treat all correspondents 
well if they mention The Rural New- 
Yorker. 
Wo will Send a Sample 
liu(j<j)j, Road Cart 
OK HARNESS 
to one rersonct each post-office 
who will show to others whom 
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themselves, tberelore we give 
a bargain to net samples of our 
work in a neighborhood. 
Will You Have One or All? 
Don’t miss this bargain, you may never 
haveanorher Weguarantee ourwork 
and gel testimonials 
from those who have had 
ou- bargains. 
UNION MACHINE CO., 
Carriage Dept. No. 7, 
PHILADELPHIA. PA. 
If you want the mast WON¬ 
DERFUL, KXTHAORDINAKY, 
Sim ple Wind Mill of the age, 
get it of parties who have made 
a business of building Mills for 
over 25 years. Send for cata¬ 
logue giving Alii information. 
75 SIZES AND KINDS BUILT 
more than an v other house iu 
the world. Pumps, Cylinders, 
Tanks, Horse Powers, Cut¬ 
ters, etc. Address, 
Challcngo Wind Mill A Feed Mill 
Co., Batavia, Illinois. 
AGENTS HERE 
and Farmer* wit'i no experience make CJ^.50 an 
hour during spare time. A. I). Bates, 1B4 W .Rob¬ 
bins Ave., Covington* Ky., made one (lay. 
g£l one week. So can you. Front* and cata- 
lecue free. J. E. Shepard & Co., Cincinnati, o. 
JOHN DE WOLF, 
LANDSCAPE 
Gardener and Surveyor. 
Country Places visited and consultations for im¬ 
provements at small expense No connection with 
any comme-clalestablishment. All communications 
will receive prompt attention. Address care of Tub 
American Uahoen. Times Building. New York. 
