Profitable Farming de¬ 
pends as much on sell¬ 
ing as on producing. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER’S 
A crop which is well 
grown is only half 
way to market. 
MARKET, CROP AND NEWS SPECIAL. 
THE OUTLOOK. 
Financial. —The money market Is im¬ 
proving and increased confidence is mani¬ 
fest, though there is yet much stringency. 
Very few time loans are made by New 
York banks, and the rate for call loans is 
well maintained. The weekly statement 
of the New York City Associated Banks 
showed a material increase in reserves. 
Boston reports loan rates unchanged and 
some symptoms of improvement in the 
money market. The Philadelphia money 
market is very close and it is almost im¬ 
possible to get any outside paper dis¬ 
counted. Chicago banks are doing little 
discounting for any but their regular cus¬ 
tomers. Price of silver on Saturday 105. 
The World’s Wheat.— An ex-president 
of the New York Produce Exchange is re¬ 
ported as saying that the Western millers 
are grinding more wheat than ever before. 
They cannot keep up their present output 
because there is not enough wheat in sight 
to supply them. Statements have ap¬ 
peared that the world’s supply of wheat is 
00,000,000 bushels In excess of the require¬ 
ments. He does not see how that conclu¬ 
sion is reached. This country is short 60,- 
000,000 to 80,000,000 bushels. Both India 
and Russia report short crops, and there¬ 
fore the world’s supply must be short. The 
silver question, now prominent, enters 
largely into the situation. India Is the 
first grain producing country to feel an ad¬ 
vance iu the price of silver, and Russia the 
next. Silver is now high enough to check 
exportation of wheat from India. The 
Russian export season is ended for the 
reason that the Danube and Black Sea are 
closed. The quantity of wheat in the main 
ports of the United Kingdom is pretty 
large at the present time, but Europe will 
have to purchase late iu the winter or 
early in the spring. 
In this connection it is well to remember 
that there is a relation between the total 
yield and the price per bushel on the one 
hand and the consumption per capita on 
the other, which should not be neglected in 
estimating in*advance the home consump¬ 
tion out of any given crop. The general 
law apparent is that when the crop is large 
aud the price low the consumption per 
capita is large, and when the crop is small 
and the price high the consumption per 
capita is small. This year the conditions 
favor a relatively small consumption 
which may notexceed 4.6 bushels per capita. 
This would give about 2S7,000,000 bushels, 
against 301 , 000,000 as estimated by the Price 
Current, leaving 14.000,000 bushels more 
surplus, or 89,000,000 bushels, instead of 
75,000,000, as estimated by that paper, in¬ 
cluding the available surplus July 1, 1890. 
The average consumption percapita in this 
country for the past ten years has been a 
trifle over 5>£ bushels, so that it would 
seem as though the estimated consumption 
is too small, aud if so estimated, the sur¬ 
plus is correspondingly too large. 
Meats. —The prospect is good for good 
stock. Of poorly fattened auimals the 
supply has been large, and prices conse¬ 
quently unsatisfactory. The prices for 
good stock have not increased commensu- 
rately with the increase in cost of feed, so 
the profit of feeding must be small. In 
many parts of the country farmers are 
forced to sell through lack of feed and in¬ 
ability to purchase. The poultry market 
in this city was an exceptionally good one 
for Thanksgiving. The weather was favor¬ 
able and the demand for prime stock 
equaled the receipts. The extremely low 
prices following the usual holiday glut are 
wanting and with the market well cleaned 
up, the prospect is good. As the facilities 
for cold storage are increased the supply 
can be equalized and any large surplus be 
held for a better market and higher prices. 
Poultry which arrives iu good condition 
can be put iu cold storage aud held for 
several weeks, but the people deriving the 
benefit are the holders, who generally buy 
on a glutted market and sell on a scant 
one. The supply of choice turkeys, ducks 
and geese is not likely to be too large for 
some time to come, and the extra grain re¬ 
quired to make them plump aud fat will be 
well paid for iu the extra price obtained. 
CROP AND MARKET NOTES. 
It is rumored that in portions of France 
there is a fruit famine? owing to untimely 
rains. 
The California potato crop is said to be 
about an average yield and of extra good 
quality. 
The wheat crop of Washington is esti¬ 
mated at 16,000,000 bushels, the largest in 
its history. 
Twenty car-loads of grape must of the 
consistency of jelly are to be shipped east 
from California. 
Receipts of hogs and cattle at Western 
markets have been exceedingly large, the 
prices of both bearing no comparison with 
the prices of grain. 
The Virginia peanut crop, just har¬ 
vested, is estimated at 3,000,000 bushels. 
The nuts have been sellihg for as low as 
3% cents per pound in Norfolk. 
Interior millers report a heavy demand 
for feed, many mills having orders ahead. 
This is owing to the short crop of corn and 
oats. The South is a heavy buyer of feed. 
Flour for export is in demand. 
The Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange 
is reported to have secured from the Penn¬ 
sylvania Railroad the promise of a reduc¬ 
tion of 830 a car on all future shipments of 
Delaware peaches to that point. 
The Treasury Department has decided 
that sweet potatoes are not entitled to free 
entry as “yams,” but are subject to duty 
at the rate of 25 cents per bushel of 60 
pounds under the provision for potatoes. 
The first shipment of California oranges 
for this season was made from Vacaville, 
November 18. The varieties were the Navel 
and Mediterranean. Last year, a shipment 
was made by the same party about IS days 
earlier. 
Grain dealers report that owing to the 
high prices now prevailing for corn very 
little will be cribbed, but it will be shelled 
out and shipped as fast as received. The 
weather so far, however, has been unfavor¬ 
able for curing and shelling. 
Parties recently returned from Sicily say 
that the Palermo orange crop is extraordin¬ 
arily large, while the Messina crop will be 
about the same as last year, but the fruit 
will average larger. Lemons will average 
better than for several years. 
The annual harvest of Christmas trees 
for this market has begun in the Maine 
woods. The trees are selected from the 
handsomest spruce and fir growth and are 
from three to thirty feet high. Many 
thousands are shipped each year and afford 
profitable returns to the shippers. 
A farmer of Norwich, Conn., reported in 
that town that he had just harvested 750 
bushels of corn from 2 }4 acres, but he neg¬ 
lected to state whether it was shelled or in 
the ear. In either case, it is a pretty fair 
yield from a country abounding in worn- 
out land and “ abandoned farms.” 
The war against American swine is being 
carried on with great determination by the 
tariff barons in Bavaria, but this exclusion 
of foreign meats is furnishing a pretext for 
a movement for the separation of Bavaria 
from the German zollverein. All things 
seem to be working toward the readmission 
of American pork into Germany. 
Canadian crop reports are discouraging 
as to grain. The yield of winter wheat is 
below the average; quality good. Spring 
wheat a comparative failure. Opinions 
vary as to the merits of the two rowed 
barley being tested for the English market. 
The yield of barley is poor. Oats are poor. 
Peas above the average; quality injured by 
insects and weather. 
Reports from the Northwest are to the 
effect that winter wheat is entering upon 
the winter in a high average condition. 
The late autumn weather has been favora¬ 
ble to its growth; the Hessian fly had in¬ 
jured it somewhat in some localities but 
not extensively. The harvesting of the corn 
crop is well advanced. The movement of 
grain is small, but millers report stocks on 
hand sufficient to last 30 days. 
Manager Ives, of the Florida Fruit Ex¬ 
change, is in this city chartering vessels to 
bring the Florida oranare crop north. The 
first one will sail from here December 7, 
and will be followed by others. It is ex¬ 
pected that from seven to ten will be under 
way by Christmas. This action is the re¬ 
sult of the extortionate charges of the rail¬ 
roads. About 8400,000 in freight will be 
saved on the present crop alone. 
The first attempt to import slaughtered 
American beef has just been made at Ham¬ 
burg. The first consignment was received 
last week, and was a great success. Those 
who tried the beef were delighted with its 
fine quality, which is said to be superior to 
that of Australian beef. The wholesale 
price is 45 pfennigs—about nine cents—a 
pound, inclusive of duty. Three hundred 
quarters of beef were sold on the first day. 
It is proposed to extend the importation to 
the inland towns. 
AGRICULTURAL NEWS. 
Hydrophobia is reported in a herd of hogs 
at Rio Grande, N. J. 
An elevator at Burlington, Iowa, col¬ 
lapsed with 30,000 bushels of flax seed. No 
insurance. 
Warehouses in Grand Ronde Valley, Ore¬ 
gon, are overflowing with wheat and no 
means of transportation. 
Many Hunterdon County, N. J., farmers 
are making preparations to engage in to¬ 
bacco growing another year. 
The later pickings of cotton have turned 
out a better quality of seed than the earlier 
ones, but prime seed is scarce. 
Chautauqua and Cattaraugus Counties, 
N. Y., report the make of cheese 30 per 
cent less than that of last year. 
A committee of influential men has been 
formed in Paris to take action toward the 
development of trade in Africa. 
It is estimated that the delegates present 
at the meeting of the Farmers’ Alliance at 
Ocala, represent 3,000,000 farmers. 
The failure of the potato crop in Ireland 
is being felt in Connemara, where many 
families are seeking means to avoid starva¬ 
tion. 
The use by Dr. Koch of guinea pigs for 
the preparation of the lymph he uses has 
created a great demand In Europe for these 
little animals. 
The American Harvester Company, it is 
reported, will employ 50,000 men, 10,000 
agents, and have an output of 100,000 ma¬ 
chines annually. 
The Patrons of Toil, consisting of about 
3,000 members in Washington, Greene and 
Fayette Counties, Penn., were merged in 
the State Alliance. 
A breeders’ purse of $500 is to be offered 
at the next fair of the Southern Oregon 
Board of Agriculture, to be limited to 
trotting foals of 1889. 
Three Dig creameries in Sullivan and 
Delaware Counties, N. Y., have failed, 
causing heavy losses to the dairymen who 
have supplied them with milk. 
The shipments of live stock from Mont¬ 
real for the season just closed were 123,627 
cattle and 43,739 sheep, against 85,668 cattle 
and 59,343 sheep for the season of 1889. 
The thrashing machine manufacturers of 
the country have caught the fever, and are 
busily engaged striving to form a combina¬ 
tion similar to that of the mower and 
reaper manufacturers. 
The national convention of the Farmers’ 
Mutual Benefit Association at their recent 
session at Springfield, Ill., adopted an 
amendment giving women over the age of 
18 years the privilege of joining the order. 
The Minneapolis mills have been manu¬ 
facturing large amounts of flour recently. 
The rate has seldom been exceeded. As the 
freight rates are higher now that naviga¬ 
tion has closed, the output is likely to de¬ 
crease. 
The farmers of Guilford, N. Y., at their 
town meeting last spring voted to offer a 
bounty of 10 cents apiece for the tails of 
all woodchucks killed in the town. The 
result is that in eight months $279.30. has 
been paid out. 
The Kansas delegation of the Farmers’ 
Alliance, 40 strong, went to the meeting at 
Ocala, Fla., with the determination of 
securing the organization of another polit¬ 
ical party, and perfecting plans for the 
campaign of 1892. 
New freight rates on east bound .freight 
over the great trunk lines went into effect 
last week. Corn pays 22 cents per 100 pounds; 
old rate 20 cents. All other grains 25 cents; 
old rate 22 )4- There is a corresponding ad¬ 
vance on provisions, etc. 
Starr & Co., extensive tomato packers at 
Salem, N. J., have made an assignment 
for the benefit of their creditors. They 
packed about 1,000,000 cans during the past 
season. The farmers from whom they 
bought tomatoes are the largest losers. 
The Colorado State Farmers’ Alliance 
elected M. L. Smith, Garland, president, 
and W. S. Starr, Los Animas, secretary 
and treasurer. The proceedings are secret 
so nothing can be known of them until 
the officials see fit to make them public. 
Oregon reports some wonderful yields. 
One of 40,000 pounds of potatoes from one 
acre that has been planted to that crop 
every year for 28 years Twenty of these 
tubers weighed just 101 pounds, the largest 
weighing seven pounds. Eight acres of 
barley gave 700 bushels to another farmer. 
Another acre yielded 19,000 pounds of 
Italian prunes. 
The French government purposes to 
raise the tariff rates on beef from 20 francs 
to 25 francs per double cwt., on mutton 
from 28 franc3 to 32 francs, on fresh pork 
from 10 francs to 12 francs, and on salted 
beef and other salted meats, except pork, 
from 22 francs to 27 francs. The question 
of the duty on salted pork has been re¬ 
served for decision. 
The South Dakota Farmers’ Alliance 
chose delegates to the National Alliance 
aDd adopted a platform declaring fealty to 
the Alliance paramount to every party 
fealty. It also opposes the creation or con¬ 
tinuance of any unnecessary public offices, 
demands that the salaries of all public 
officers not fixed by the Constitution shall 
correspond with the productive industries, 
and calls for the strictest economy in office. 
The Vermont Fish and Game League has 
been organized at Montpelier under a char¬ 
ter granted by the present legislature. The 
membership is large and influential and 
includes Senator Edmunds, Govemoi Page, 
Secretary Proctor, ex-Governor Smyth, 
of St. Albans; Colonel Legrand B. Cannon 
and Congressman Grant. Its objects are 
the culture of food fish and game and the 
enforcement of proper restrictions upon 
their slaughter. H. R. Dow, of Rutland, 
is president and J. W. Titcomb, of Rut¬ 
land, is secretary. 
Condensed Correspondence. 
Stanwood, Ia.— Hogs, cattle and horses 
most profitable in the order named. The 
health and condition of live stock are ex¬ 
cellent. Prices of hogs and cattle are low; 
not profitable at present prices of corn. Au 
advance in price of meat is expected. The 
prosperity of this country rests on the corn 
crop. My father raised his first crop in 
1S37, and there has been no failure since, 
and no year that a well-tended crop would 
not give 40 bushels per acre. This gives 
confidence for the future. w. T. R. 
Delay an, Wis.—Best crop is barley, a 
large amount of which is grown, unless 
corn aud stock be taken together, when 
corn is king. Oats and corn as well as 
purebred and native stock and dairy pro¬ 
ducts are also produced. Wheat was 
formerly the chief money crop, but nu¬ 
merous failures have caused it to be dis¬ 
carded generally. The usual rotation is to 
seed to clover and Timothy, break up sod 
for corn, then oats or barley. Raise plenty 
of cattle, horses and hogs. Hog cholera 
renders cattle more profitable. Outlook 
for real farmers is not bad. M. s. H 
Mendota, III.—Corn best cash crop ; 
about hnf crop this year; 46 to 50 cents 
per bushel. We are looking for better 
seed, the best improved tools and best 
grades of stock. The prospect for live¬ 
stock industry is poor, with land at $75 to 
$90 per acre. One man and team can raise 
SO acres of corn as easily as he could 25 or 
