1896 
273 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
thorough culture, that weie nearly asiliard. The im¬ 
porters tell us that the seed of these cabbages, if 
grown here, would not produce heads to equal the 
imported ones. If any of our readers can tell us more 
about these cabbages, we shall be glad to hear from 
them. 
“ The Kinney Pump"; How to Use It. 
F. II. Melrose, Mass. —1. Where can I buy a Kinney pump 
like that described in Thr R. N.-Y. of June 8,1895? 2. I am told 
that the fertilizing liquid must enter the pump at quite an angle, 
for if it enter at right angles, it will not work. The picture shows 
the latter construction. Which way is right? 
Ans.— 1. The KinDey pump is sold by Robert L. 
Merwin & Co., 88 Wall Street, New York. 2. The 
angle at which the fertilizing liquid enters, should 
make no difference with the working of the pump. 
The liquid is forcibly drawn into the chamber of the 
pump by suction, and there it is mixed with and car¬ 
ried along by the jet of water from the faucet, that 
is projected through the chamber. Where there is a 
water pressure of 25 pounds or more, there should be 
no trouble about the working of the pump, if a piece 
of %-inch discharge hose without a nozzle is attached 
to it. L. F. KINNEY. 
“ Barrels " for Potatoes and Apples. 
Several Subscribers. —What is the proper size of potato and 
apple barrels for the New York market? There seem to be two 
sizes. What is the standard ? 
Ans. —Those holding plump 11 pecks. Many yet 
use what are known in the trade as pony barrels, and 
lose more in price than they gain in other ways. A 
barrel of potatoes should weigh not less than 165 to 
168 pounds. In bulk, 180 pounds are required for a 
barrel. The use of the small barrels should be dis¬ 
continued. 
Trouble with Grass Seeding. 
.‘1. (1., Tompklnsville, Pa. —X have a piece of land that was liber¬ 
ally manured with stable manure, then planted to corn, then to 
potatoes, and then sowed to oats and seeded witli eight quarts of 
Timothy and four of clover seed per acre with a good dressing of 
commercial fertilizer. After harvesting the oats, we had a severe 
drought and the grass died. The next spring, I sowed to buck¬ 
wheat, using fertilizer, and seeding as before. No clover or 
Timothy seed came up. Last spring, I sowed again with oats, 
sowed clover and Timothy seed, also used fertilizer; I get good 
crops of grain, but no good results as to seeding. What is the 
best thing I can do to get our land seeded without regard to a 
crop this year? Will it be a good plan to sow buckwheat and 
plow the crop under, and then sow Crimson clover and plow that 
under another year; or is there a better way ? Our land is hard- 
pan witli a soil about 20 inches deep. 
Ans —It is not an easy task to advise A. G. after 
his trials and mishaps, except to try again. A dry 
season frequently causes young grass' to fail after 
growing well early in the season, whether sown with 
oats or any other crop. In sowing grass seed with 
oats, it is well to sow it after harrowing in the oats, 
and follow with a plank drag. This will cover the 
grass seed lightly, and cause it to germinate better 
than if simply sown upon the surface. Buckwheat is 
not a desirable crop with which to start young grass ; 
it shades too much, but plowing it down and sowing 
Crimson clover, not too late in the season, should 
prove a success. n. m. e. 
Fertilizers and Green Crops for Corn. 
G. IV. S., Allen's Falls, N. Y.— I have a piece of land part of 
which is quite light sand, and part quite good soil, ou which I 
wish to raise as much corn as possible without sacrificing profit. 
I would also like to do it without stable manure, as the Held is 
three-fourths of a mile from the barn. Can I keep the land 
up by using 300 pounds of good commercial fertilizer per acre, 
and plowing under one green crop for every two crops of corn ? 
Or would it be necessary to plow under a crop for every crop of 
corn ? I sowed 114 acre of Crimson clover last year, but only a 
little of it grew on account of drought. 
Ans. —The corn will do well with one green crop 
for two of the grain, provided you use enough fer¬ 
tilizer. If the Crimson clover does not do well, you 
can sow rye. This will give you humus or organic 
matter, and while not, of course, equal to the clover, 
it will do fairly well with the fertilizer. 
Dissolved Rock and Muriate of Potash. 
W. B. E., Reynale's Basin , N. }'.—I wish to use dissolved South 
Carolina rock and muriate of potash on potatoes this spring? 
Would it be best to broadcast the mixture early in the spring, or sow 
in the bottom of the furrows just before planting ? The question 
is as to whether the potatoes will derive any benefit from the use 
of this mixture if not applied in time to dissolve. Will this mix¬ 
ture Injure grain if drilled in with it ? 
Ans. —We would as soon use the whole of this mix¬ 
ture broadcasted and harrowed in before the potatoes 
are planted. Another good way is to make the fur¬ 
rows, plant the potatoes, and lightly cover them with 
earth. Then broadcast the fertilizer in a wide 
streak within and along the top of the furrow, and 
fill in by running the cultivator through the rows. 
We doubt whether this mixture will run freely 
through the drill unless plaster, cotton-seed meal or 
bone be used with it as a dryer. 
Three “ Mixed " Potatoes. 
L. T. S., Plain Dealing, La. —I send three potatoes, all Polaris. 
You will see that one is pink, one with some pink on it, and one 
white, so you see that they are crossed. Triumph and Early Rose 
have been planted near these for one year, Early Rose two years. 
How do potatoes mix not grown from seed ? 
Ans.—T he three potatoes received show a slight 
difference in color. It has been contended for many 
years past, periodically, that potatoes can mix or 
cross in the hill by contact or contiguity. Now we 
beg to repeat what we have said many times pre¬ 
viously, that this is an impossibility. It it just as 
impossible as that wheat should turn to chess, or that 
fruit of any kind should be essentially modified by 
the stock upon which it is grafted. That varieties of 
potatoes should “ sport,” as we call it, does not give 
the slightest evidence, as we view it, that they etoss 
by contiguity. It is merely an evidence of the cropping 
out of blood previously impotent. Inter-crossing has 
been going on between potatoes for years and years, 
and so-called “ sports” are naturally becoming more 
and more frequent. But the crossing is all doae 
through the blossom. 
Spent Hops As Manure. 
O. L. II., Springfield, Mass. —What is the value of refuse hops 
from breweries, for manure, if they can be had free for drawing 
away ? I have to cart them two miles. Would they be valuable 
iu summer time to spread fresh on laud to be harrowed in ? 
Ans.— Generally speaking, these hops contain some¬ 
what more fertility than average stable manure, 
though the nitrogen in them is not so available. They 
would be excellent to compost with manure or muck, 
or to use as a mulch around fruits. We would rather 
use them for these purposes, or to broadcast on grass 
or grain, than to plow them in while fresh. 
Starting Seed Potatoes in the Light. 
./. E. M ., Hartford, Conn.— What do you think of exposing seed 
potatoes to the air and light for a while, to make the sprouts 
stockier, hardier, greener and more persistent, especially those 
planted late ? Farmers, ordinarily, cannot have cold storage so 
long as would be desirable. I believe that the practice of fine 
cutting of the tubers, and the loss of sprouts, conduce to loss of 
stamina in the plant, making it more vulnerable to the attacks of 
insects and diseases. 
Ans.— For many years, we have exposed to warmth 
and sunlight, our choicest tubers, for from one month 
to six weeks according to whether the kinds are early 
or late. We would not, however, so expose any tubers 
that had already sprouted—only sound tubers. There 
is a marked difference in different varieties as to 
sprouting. In some, only the seed end eyes will grow ; 
in others, all of the eyes will grow when placed in 
the sunlight and warmth. In large quantities, we do 
not believe that it would pay to treat seed tubers in 
this way—so many of the sprouts would be rubbed 
off by handling. 
Cabbage and Cauliflower Heading. 
II. J. C., East, Groveland, N. Y.— Which way of sowing the seed 
of cabbage and cauliflower will produce the most good, sound 
heads—sowing with a hand drill, two to four seeds in a hill and, 
later, thinning to one good plant, or sowing iu beds or boxes and 
transplanting? Does transplanting aid in making better, surer 
heads ? I raise vegetables for my own family use only. 
Ans.— It has been pretty thoroughly proved that 
cabbages, especially the late drumhead varieties, are 
likely to head better if the seed be sown where the 
plant is to remain, conditions of soil, fertility and 
culture being equal. The usual practice is to plant 
six or eight seeds in a hill, and gradually thin out to 
the strongest plant; but since the advent of the cab¬ 
bage worm, and hosts of recent insect enemies, the 
trouble of caring for so many scattered plants has 
proved too great, and the seed bed is, therefore, re¬ 
sorted to. It may be considered that plants of tne 
cabbage tribe are not benefited by transplanting, in 
itself ; but as they are little affected by it when done 
under favorable conditions, the use of a seed bed is 
generally to be recommended on account of greater ease 
and economy in growing plants. w. van fleet. 
PEROR 
The Latest and | 
i Largest Yellow 
Freestone PEACH. 
Send 10c. for catalog describing the 
. Ch 
__ ___ Col’d plates of 3 new fruits and on# 
i _ , wonderful Mercer Cherry and receive Emperor Peach June bud, postpaid. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Village Nurseries, HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
IUMPH 
The only Yellow 
Freestone PEACH 
Ripening with Amsden. 
TREES IN SURPLUS. 
Speak quick if you want to take advantage of our surplus in Peaches. A few thousand 
Elberta, Crosby, Champion and others, 4 to 5 ft.., 100 for §5 and 1,000 for §50. In 2 to 3 ft. sizes, 
100 for §3 and 1,000 for §30. About 2,000 Standard Pears, 3% to V/ z ft., at 87 per 100; 4 to 5 ft. at 
810 per 100. Dwarf Pears at §3.50, 85.50, and SO per 100. 25 or any of above at 100 rates. A few 
Abundance and Burbank Plums, 3 to 4 ft., at 810 per 100. Early Richmond Cherry, 3 to 4 ft., 
at 84 per 100, and 4 to 5 ft. at 88 per 100. W rite to-day if you want a bargain. Best assortments. 
Send list of wants. All stock guaranteed free from disease. New Jersey’s Leading Nursery. 
ROGERS NURSERY CO., Moorestown, N. J., Box 100. 
MONEY IN FRU ITS 
Julian Plums, or other money makers. Address 
FUN, too, if you put heart and soul 
in their culture. Hale has found heaps 
of both. Tells the story in book, “From 
Push Cart to Trolley Car in Fruit Cul¬ 
ture.” It’s free. Send for it now if 
interested in Berries, Peaches, 
HALE, SOUTH GLASTONBURY, CONN. 
SMALL FRUITS, ORAPES. SHRUBS. ROSES, 
EVERGREENS, HARDY PLANTS, 
LarfM^and choicest collections In America* 
NEW CATALOGUE, 
beautifully Illustrated, free to regular customers, 
to others 10c for postage. 
ELLWANCER & BARRY, 
nOUNT HOPE NURSERIES, Rochester, N. Y. 
Sj "f" GRAPES, ROSES, SHRUBS. 
[Oil 5 SMALL FRUITS AND EVERGREENS. 
I I Staple Sorts and new kinds cheap. Send for New j 
113 ■ M Illustrated Catalogue, mailed free on application. 
m fruit and ornamental GEO. A. SWEET NURSERY CO., Dansville, N. Y. _ 
Everything of the Best at Right Prices for Or* 
chard, Vineyard, Lawn, Park, Street, Carden 
and Greenhouse, Rarest New, Choicest Old. 
Elegant 168 page catalogue free. Send for it before buying. Half saved 
by dealing direct. Try it. Seeds, Plants, Bulbs, Small Trees, etc,, sent 
_ ^ , by mall to any office in the U. S. postpaid. Larger by express or freight. 
8afe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed. 42nd Year. JOOO Acre*. 29 Greenhouse*. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., Box 300 Painasville. 0. 
New Canaan Nurseries. 
The Only Nursery in NEW ENG¬ 
LAND which Grows <i General 
Assortment of Nursery Products. 
We have a very largo and fine stock of FUU1T, 
OKNAMKN'J’AL, FOREST and EVERGREEN trees; 
SHRUBBERY, ROSES, SMALL FRUITS. GRAPES, 
ASPARAGUS, etc., etc. This stock Is grown with 
great care, and Is ESPECIALLY ADAPTED to meet 
the requirements of our NEW ENGLAND people, 
who want only flrst-class stock. 
All persons wishing anything In our line will re¬ 
ceive a copy of our Catalogue free, by addressing 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS, New Canaan, Conn. 
TREES GROW 
WHILE YOU 
SLEEP, 
before you know it your reward 
comes in fruit & shade. Begin NOW 
by writing for our low prices. 
Flower City Nursery Co., 27 Crescent Ave., 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
Remember we pay the freight. 
PARAGON CHESTNUTS. 
Grafted Trees, live to six feet, at $1.25 each, packed 
Grafted Trees, four to live feet, at $1 each, packed. 
ENGLE & BRO., Marietta, Pa. 
Surplus of Peach Trees, Cheap 
Also, Apple, I’oar, Plum, Cherry and Nut Trees. 
IUDGELY Chestnut; STAYMAN Apple and MILLER 
Raspberry. STRAWBERRY PLANTS by the million, 
from young beds oni.t, and of the best quality 
Write now for prices. 
CHA8. WRIGHT. Seaford, Del. 
PEACH TREES 
By the 100,1,000 or In car lots. 
Michel's Early (earli¬ 
est), Gandy's Prize 
(latest), Tim brel 1, 
Marshall and Greenville. Trees and plants, all kinds. 
Write for prices. None lower. 
N. P. BROOKS, Lakewood (Nurseries), N. J. 
Strawberry Plants 
CRAPE VINES. 
T.argest Stock in the World. Small FrilitN. 
Introducer of unrivalled new Red Jacket 
Gooseberry & Fay Currant. Catalogue./)-**. 
Geo. S. Jossclyn, Fredoniq, N. Y. 
SMALL FRUITS 
GRAPEVINES 
IVloore’s Early and Wyoming Red. Special 
prices while they last. 
EUGENE WILLETT & SON, North Collins, N Y. 
SURPLUS. 
1838 A 1 :?. 
NUT AND FRUIT CULTURE 
58 
Years 
1896 
Moke Pkofitabi.f. than WHEAT or COTTON, with less la bob and kihk. Send 
for catalogue illustrating and describing best varieties. ALPHA, the earliest Chestnut, 
opens Sept. 5th to loth without frost; RELIANCE, the most productive; PARKAS’ 
(itANT, the largest, six inches around; PARAGON, KIDGELEY and others. 
STARR, “the perfection of early Apples.” BISMARCK, fruits at two years’ old; 
PARLEY'S BEAUTY, the handsomest; LINCOLN CORELESS, KOONCE, GOD 
DEN RUSSET. ANGEL and other Pears. JAPAN QUINCE COLUMBIA, a hand¬ 
some shrub, producing a vai.uaki.f. fruit unequaled for Jelly. 
SMALL FRUITS, RARE NOVELTIES, and vau'ablb Introductions. JAPAN 
BERRIES, FRUIT, SHADE and ORNAMENTA i. TREES. 
PARRYS’ POMONA NURSERIES, parry, new jersey. 
BIG BARGAINS 
times. Yon will be interested in the new additions. 
PLUMS.—Willard, 3 to 4 feet, per 100, $10; Sat- 
sum a, 3 to 4 ft., $7; Yellow Japan, 4 to 5 ft., $10. 
BARKIS’ HARDY APRICOTS.—Light, one 
year; eight for $1; 25 for $2.50. 
EARLY RICHMOND CHERRIES.—5 to 0 
feet, heavy, 100 $10; 4 to 6 feet, medium, $8; 
second size, $7. Bargains, $4 to $6. 
These low prices hold good only while stock lasts 
You can’t afford to miss our |OAAP P DflPCU? ( 
Fresh-Dug Trees. lOAMU lit nUULnO V 
THAT'S WHAT TOU GET FROM 
ROGERS, DANSVILLE, NEW YORK, 
the man who lias the FRESH-DUG TREES. 
Rogers’ Bargain Counter is a cure for hard 
Here are some of them: 
WINDSOR CHERRIES.—Heavy, 0 to 7 feet, 
$12 per 100. Special /trices on other Cherries. 
Small-size June Buds, Crosby and Mountain Rose, 
$2.25 per 100. 
KEIFFER AND BARTLETT PEARS.— 
6 to 7 feet, $13 per 100. 
Write to-day and mention what you want. 
nurseries) j DANSVILLE, N. T. 
