1896 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
321 
week in June, oKfirst week in July, wlien they avoid 
the striped bug to a certain extent, and the soil being 
warm, the squashes soon grow beyond them. If the 
striped bug is bad, they are dusted with airslaked 
lime or tobacco dust. The next thing here, that 
attacks the vines, is the borer in the root that deposits 
its eggs in the root stalk near the ground, works its 
way through the stalk, and if not killed, kills the 
plant. For this -enemy, constant watchfulness must 
be given, and he is easily discovered by the excretions 
at the place he keeps open. These insects may go in 
at all the joints of the vine and leaf. When found, a 
slit is carefully cut lengthwise of the stalk, and the 
worm killed. Sometimes I use a narrow, sharp-pointed 
blade, and thrust it in the stalk until I think that I 
have struck the grub. A cluster of stout needles one- 
sixth of an inch apart, thrust in, is another good 
instrument; but kill him you must. Next comes the 
stink bug of some. This fellow is not so easily got 
rid of, as he does not chew, but sucks, so that he can¬ 
not be poisoned. Kerosene emulsion is used to some 
effect. Searching for and destroying the eggs is likely 
to help keep them in check ; but it is a fight all 
through if they are plenty. I would advise getting 
Station Bulletin No. 75, September, 1894, Geneva 
Experiment Station, which will give results of the 
Station work at Jamaica in that line. I should have 
said that the hills are planted 6x8 feet generally, and 
fertilized with commercial fertilizer. 
Some Beans for Nova Scotia. 
C. II. W., Middleton, Nova Scotia. —I wish, to grow beans for 
seed. What is the minimum distance at which the various hinds 
may be planted from each other, aud be perfectly sure that there 
will be no danger of crossing ? What is an average crop of such 
beans as Indian Chief ? If overtaken by a frost sufficient to kill 
the vines before they arc perfectly ripe, will it injure them ? 
What fertilizer would you recommend to cause a rapid growth 
and thus escape the frost ? 
Ans.—W e never grow two kinds of beans on the 
same farm. This is not essential, of course, but we 
would not like to have beans grown within 20 rods, 
unless the two kinds bloom a week or ten days apart. 
For instance, it would be perfectly safe to plant an 
early variety alongside of a late sort. We believe 
that C. H. W. cannot grow Indian Chief beans in Nova 
Scotia, as the season is not long enough. We would 
advise him to grow some of the earlier varieties in 
garden beans, or Day’s Improved Leafless Medium 
beans, Pea beans, or varieties that will mature in 
from 60 to 70 days. The average yield of beans is 
about 16 bushels per acre in New York State. This 
is five bushels above the average yield of wheat. 
With us in our section, we have been enabled by high 
culture and fertilizing to bring the average above 20 
bushels per acre. If the beans were ever struck by 
frost, they most certainly must have been seriously 
injured, as beans will themselves wither and shrivel. 
The fertilizer that we use has had a great many tests. 
The analysis is as follows : 1 to 2 per cent of ammonia, 
8 to 10 per cent of available phosphoric acid, and 5-to 
6 per cent of actual potash. On our soils, the beans 
grow vine enough, and we use a strong preparation 
with potash and phosphoric acid to obtain the grain. 
EDWARD F. DIBBLE SEED COMPANY. 
An Apple Orchard for Northern Ohio. 
J. C., Paulding County, 0 .— I have 17 acres of clay land which I 
intend to plant to a market and family orchard of apples, pears, 
cherries and plums. The site is elevated, situated on the bank of 
a creek, which runs around the west and north sides. I intend 
to drain the ground thoroughly with tile, and plant a row of Nor¬ 
way spruce around the whole for a wind aud sunbreak. As I own 
the laud on both sides of the creek, I think of planting the ever¬ 
greens on the side of the creek opposite the orchard. The ground 
slopes slightly towards the creek, and is about 12 feet higher than 
the most of the surrounding ground. I have a good market near 
home. What varieties of fruits mentioned would you recommend 
planting? Do you think that York Imperial, Sutton Beauty and 
Jonathan would do well here ? Fruits do better in the northern 
part of.this county than here. 
Ans. —The windbreak of trees proposed by J. C. 
will be good, especially to break the force of sweeping 
storms when the trees are laden with fruit. It is now 
too late to plant an orchard this spring in northern 
Ohio, but if J. C. will ask for a list of fruits to be 
given through The It. N.-Y. early next fall or in the 
winter, so that others may profit by the same advice, 
it will receive careful attention, and serve him the 
same purpose as now. There is scarcely a doubt re¬ 
garding the success of the varieties he names. 
H. E. YAN DEMAN. 
What About the Bismarck Apple ? 
II. S. B., Rome, N. Y.— Can you give us any light on the Bis 
marck apple ? We have a trying climate for apples. 
Ans. —Go slow on the Bismarck apple or anything 
else for which such extravagant claims are made. 1 
tasted a specimen of this apple last winter, that came 
from England, and it was poor—very poor. Making 
allowance for the poor flavor of English grown apples, 
I would advise H. S. B. and every one else to let it 
alone. The pictures and puffs in some of the cata¬ 
logues of nurserymen of good reputation, make me 
fear for their future. I believe that the Bismarck 
apple is a delusion, if not a fraud in America. 
H. E. v. D. 
Graft the Marianna Plums. 
II. J. II., Marion County, Ind.— What shall I do with a thrifty, 
12-year-old Marianna plum tree, in rich soil, and growing rapidly? 
It blooms freely, but sets only a few fruits. Curculios are not 
the trouble. Shall I graft to new aud better kinds ? 
C Ans. —The Marianna plum is not self-fertile, or, at 
least, almost so. It is, also, of such poor flavor, 
especially when cooked, that it would be well to graft 
to something better—Wayland, Hawkeye, Whittaker, 
or almost any of the native kinds. H. e. v. d. 
Building a Silo. 
Several Subscribers. —Will J. H. S., who speaks of silos on page 
255, tell us how his was built ? 
Ans. —My silos are built 16x24 feet, and 18 feet high. 
I use for sills, 0x8-inch timber, for the rest 2x4 joists 
laid flatways on the sills, spiked solid commencing at 
one corner, then around to the point of starting. I 
keep laying it up in this way, as high as desired, and 
am careful to break joints on each ring and have it 
laid up true and straight on the inside. Then I use 
oil or tarred paper and cover the paper with three- 
eighth or one-half-inch boards, running up and down, 
to protect the paper. To lay the floor, 1 use the 2x4 
joists for sleepers, and fill and pack in earth to the 
tops of the sleepers. Then lay any kind of rough 
boards for a floor. If I should build another, I would 
use 2x6 joists in place of 2x4. j. h. snydeu. 
The Strength of Bordeaux Mixture. 
./. L. W., Overbrook, Pa. —On page 25(5 I read, for Bordeaux 
Mixture, to dissolve “48 pounds of sulphate of cojjper in 50 gallons 
of water.” Is this right ? 
Ans. —The directions for Bordeaux Mixture (as per 
The R. N.-Y. of April 11), are correct except that the 
quantity of lime and sulphate of copper with water, 
should make 400 gallons of Bordeaux Mixture, instead 
of 200 gallons. I intend to have two barrels, one con¬ 
taining one bushel of fresh-burned stone lime, slaked 
with water to make 50 gallons. One containing 48 
pounds sulphate of copper dissolved in 50 gallons of 
water. The contents of these barrels are the stock 
Bordeaux Mixture. To use, take 63^ gallons of dis¬ 
solved sulphate of copper, add 25 gallons of water, 
then add 63£ gallons of strained lime wash, and fill in 
water to make 50 gallons of Bordeaux Mixture. The 
formula, in short, is 400 gallons of water, 48 pounds 
of sulphate of copper, 70 pounds of stone lime. 
S. H. DERBY. 
The Yorkshire Breed of Swine. 
E. T., South Pittsfield, N. II. —Which is the best of the Yorkshire 
breed of swine, Small, Medium or Large, on a farm where only a 
few hogs are kept ? Are they hardy, prolific, and well adapted 
to ordinary farm care ? Is there anything better where white pigs 
sell the best ? How much will they weigh dressed at eight months 
old? 
Ans. —If it is imperative to use the Yorkshire, we 
would select the Medium for general purposes. For 
any one who can sell young suckling pigs, the Small 
Yorkshire would be preferred. Where they were to 
be kept until eight months, we would use the Medium. 
With the ordinary farmer’s care, they should dress 
at about 200 pounds. But why not use the Cheshire, 
if you must have a white breed ? 
Something Better 
than “Good Enough.’ 3 
The letters we get from farmers this season more than 
ever seem to indicate that many are coming to realize that 
while the fertilizers they have been using were good ones 
and gave good results, yet the Stockbridge did even better. 
The following personal letter to one of our employes tells 
the story well. 
“This is the first year we ever used fertilizer that we got real 
satisfaction from, and we have used iteversince it came around. 
“Tliellebrons turned out nearly 500 bush, to the acre,with no 
dressing but 1000 lbs. Stockbridge Potato Manure per acre, on 
land that was in only fair condition. 
“On ten acres of ground that cut grass last year, getting not 
over 500 lbs. hay to the acre, broken after haying,sown to oats 
this year with Stockbridge, got twenty-eight big two-liorse 
loads. We had a little strong half acre of peas and oats on the 
same manure from which we got 28 bushels without cleaning 
up the lloor. 
“We had a piece of two acres which we considered about 
worthless, the poorest on our farm. Last year we used another 
brand of phosphate and got 11 bushels per acre. This year wo 
used 500 lbs. Stockbridge on the same ground, and got C8 bush¬ 
els of buckwheat. With kind regards, 
“DANFORTH BROS, Carroll, Me.” 
We have never claimed that the Stockbridge Manures 
were the only good ones offered for sale; we claim nothing 
more than what practical farmers have found to be true, 
namely, that they are high grade goods, made scientifically 
for different crops ; and other things being equal, are more 
likely to insure better results in the field than the very good 
fertilizers that are offered to compete with ours. 
Our annual catalogue should be in the hands of every 
farmer who believes in the economical use of fertilizers. 
RnWlTPl? FERTILIZER 43 Chatham St, Boston 
Lf V TT IvLJLY COMPANY, 27 Beaver St, New York 
P otatoes, 
Tomatoes, Melons, Cabbage, 
Turnips, Lettuce, Peas, Beets, 
Onions, and all Vegetables, re¬ 
move large quantities of Potash 
from the soil. Supply 
Potash 
in liberal quantities by the use 
of fertilizers containing not 
less than 10% actual Pot= 
ash. Better and more profit¬ 
able yields are sure to follow. 
Our pamphlets are not advertising- circulars boom¬ 
ing special fertilizers, but are practical works, contain¬ 
ing latest researches on the subject of fertilization, and 
are really helpful to farmers. They ar e sent free for 
the asking. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
02 Nassau St., New York. 
. ; 
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ERIE 
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Peruvian Guano, 
Containing 10 per cent of Ammonia at 
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p£°fc£» Peruvian Guano, 
Fine Ground Dried Fish. 
Prices on Application BAUGH «fc SONS COMPANY, 412 Exchange Place, Baltimore, Md. 
JOHN H. JACKSON, Successor to JACKSON BROS. Established 1852. 
NEW YORK STATE DRAIN TILE and PIPE WORKS. Main Office: 76 Third Avenue, Albany, N. Y. 
Ai ,i 1 Manufacturer of and Dealer in Agricultural Drain Tile, Salt- 
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FROM ROGERS, DANSVILLE, N, Y. 
