Vo 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
May 30 
A VARIKGATED cueumber has recently 
appeared in the grounds of Walters & 
Reuton, Cheshunt, England. One-half 
the fruit is green, the other half, yellow. 
The entire plant is parti-colored, also, 
the leaves and stems being yellow on 
one side, green on the other. From the 
white side, two entirely white cucum¬ 
bers were produced. 
Many years ago, we tried a number 
of varieties of the then so-called cur- 
culic-proof plums, only to find that they 
were not curculio-proof. The Abund¬ 
ance is the first of the Japans that has 
given us full crops of plums, a quality 
which, as much as any other, impressed 
us favorably with the Japan plums so far 
as tried. Many of the plums, as we have 
said before, bear the crescent marks. 
Prof. Meehan, in his Monthly, cites the 
case of a Japan plum, and a variety of 
the ordinary garden plum, growdng side 
by side. Every plum on the latter rotted 
from the puncture of the plum weevil, 
while all of the fruit of the former 
ripened fully. There weie the crescent 
marks on some, but there were no 
worms. 
Commercial fertilizers, as our re¬ 
spected friend, Prof. S. W. Johnson, re¬ 
marks, do not fully restore what the 
crops remove, and as the land, by a long 
series of harvests, has once been reduced 
to a comparative infertility which the 
superphosphate or potash or nitrate has 
relieved, so it will, in time, if cropped 
by their aid alone , fail again because 
some substance or condition which they 
have not supplied has been exhausted. 
We know, for example,that when muriate 
of potash and sulphate of ammonia are 
given to growing crops, the potash and 
ammonia are appropriated by the plant, 
while the muriatic acid and sulphuric 
acid are left in the soil. That they may 
not accumulate in such quantity as to 
injure vegetation,it is essential that the 
soil contain some substance, itself harm¬ 
less, which shall take up and neutralize 
the liberated acids. Carbonate of lime, 
Prof. Johnson says, is one of the best 
materials for this purpose, and on the 
soil of regions where lime is naturally 
deficient, as when the well water or 
spring water is “soft,” we would lose 
no opportunity to add carbonate of lime 
to those of our fields upon which we 
have made or intend making, extensive 
use of potash or ammonia or of fertilizers 
containing them. 
Experienced growers reckon that 
three baskets per tree are an average 
yield for peach orchards five years 
planted. Four baskets per tree are 
deemed a maximum crop. When peach 
trees are set 18 feet apart each way, there 
are 130 trees to the acre. Prof. Johnson’s 
analyses show that an annual return of 
20 pounds of nitrogen, 22 of potash and 
five of phosphoric acid, will restore to 
land what the average peach crop re¬ 
quires, and that 27 pounds of nitrogen, 
30 of potash and seven of phosphoric 
acid, will make good the deficit caused 
by a maximum crop, provided there are 
no other sources of loss besides the ex¬ 
port of the fruit. Put it is one thing to 
return to the soil what the crop has re¬ 
moved, and another to maintain the fer¬ 
tility of the soil so far as it relates to the 
suitable supply of plant food. “ The 
active feeders of the tree in the soil,” 
continues Prof. Johnson, “are the 
young rootlets and root-hairs that are 
put forth the current year. The roots 
of five and two years ago are, prob¬ 
ably, themselves totally incapable of 
feeding the plant. Even last year's roots 
are of little use, except as they are a 
necessary basis of the new rootlets that 
develop this year. The young roots of 
each successive year of growth thus oc¬ 
cupy different positions in the soil, and 
since most of the plant food in the soil 
is incapable of movement, much of it at 
any time is out of the reach of the root¬ 
lets, and to be fertile, the acre of soil 
must contain many pounds of plant-food 
in order to insure to the crop the few 
pounds which the crop needs.”. 
“Soluble and active, and, therefoie, 
costly fertilizers, are best applied in 
small doses, at or near the surface of the 
ground, and at short intervals, while 
cheap, insoluble and slowly-acting ma¬ 
nures may be used in large applications, 
and deeply mixed, in order to establish 
a more permanent state of fertility.” 
Again, Prof. Johnson says: “ Wood ashes 
or cheap lime should be broadcasted at 
the rate of some 500 pounds per acre 
yearly. If, as is becomingcommon, Crim¬ 
son clover or other legume be sown to 
gather nitrogen, this dressing of lime 
and a liberal use of potash salts will, 
probably, be essential to the highest suc¬ 
cess.”. 
Lovett’s blackberry is reported as un¬ 
productive and tender in Canada. 
The Geneva grape was sent to the 
Rural Grounds about eight years ago, 
by Chase Brothers, of Geneva. It is an 
oblong, white grape, about the size of 
the Concord. It is not of the highest 
quality, but it is entirely free from foxi¬ 
ness. The vine is healthy, hardy and 
prolific. 
Mr. N. T. Pulsifer, who resides near 
Manchester, Conn., has given Crimson 
clover a pretty fair trial during two 
seasons. He is now satisfied that it is not 
adapted to his climate unless it be cov¬ 
ered with snow throughout the winter. 
Other farmers, he writes us, have had 
the same experience in his section. 
Mr. Charles II. Duff, the superin¬ 
tendent of Houghton Farm, near Moun- 
tainville, Orange County, N. Y., reports 
that he sowed Crimson clover September 
18. It germinated and grew slowly on 
account of the dry weather. He sowed 
one bushel of oats per acre with it to act 
as a mulch in winter. Before winter set 
in, the ground was covered with clover 
six inches high ; the oats were a little 
higher. Everything looked w T ell until 
the freezing at night and the thawing in 
the day time began. This lifted the clover 
out of the ground, breaking off the roots 
and, in some cases, lifting them out en¬ 
tirely. He says that there was clover 
left on top of the ground with roots a 
foot long'. The past winter was one of 
unusual severity at Houghton Farm, but 
Mr. Duff is of the opinion that every¬ 
thing would have to be very favorable 
to make fall sown clover a success. He 
has saved a small plot where it did not 
entirely winterkill, and has sown the 
rest of the field again with Crimson 
clover, hoping to get a stand to turn 
under. We do not, however, believe 
that the sowing of Crimson clover in the 
spring will ever become popular. 
Bulletin No. 5G of the Kansas Agri¬ 
cultural College, tells us about experi¬ 
ments with ( 1 ), corn and ( 2 ), Kaffir corn. 
As to time of planting, beginning April 
18 and ending May 30, there being seven 
plantings in all, May 2 gave the largest 
yield, April 18 the next largest, April 25 
the next, and May 23 the lowest. There 
is nothing to be learned by this experi¬ 
ment. 
As to frequency of cultivation, the aver¬ 
age being that of four years, two cultiva¬ 
tions a week gave a yield of grain of 00 X 
bushels per acre, once a week 69)4 bush¬ 
els, once in two weeks, 73 bushels. The 
average for three years shows a yield 
from three cultivations a week, of 20 % 
bushels per acie, twice a week 28)4 ; 
once a week 27 ; once in two weeks 2834' 5 
once in three weeks 27 ; once in four 
weeks 20 bushels per acre, ilow are we 
to explain this ? In another series of 
trials, two cultivations during the entire 
season gave the largest yield, six times 
the lowest. In all the experiments, 
much cultivation seems to have been 
detrimental rather than helpful. Ex¬ 
periments for four seasons have been 
tried to show which seed will give the 
largest yields, that from the butt, middle 
or top of the ear. The results show that 
the butt kernels gave 00, the middle ker¬ 
nels G2)4, and the tip kernels 01 bushels 
per acre. 
The yields of Brazilian Flour corn, 
Dole 90 day, and Red Kaffir, are com¬ 
pared. The first gave 23 bushels of 
grain per acre, the second 18)4, and 
Kaffir corn 43. The yield of fodder is 
practically the same. 
Sagualin, as our friends should know, 
is a close relative of Polygonum cuspi- 
datum (there is no familiar name, ex 
cept, it may be, the Pointed-leaved knot- 
weed) and its way of spreading and 
taking possession of the land, is the 
same. We have told our readers that it 
(Continued on next paye.) 
£Ui$cfUmtmt£ gUmtiSintb 
In writing to advertisers, please always mention 
The Rural New-Yorker. 
X-Rays 
Of test and trial prove Hood’s Sarsaparilla to be 
uneq ualed for purifying the blood because 
Hood’s 
Sarsaparilla 
Is the One True Blood Purifier. All druggists. $1. 
Hood’s Pi I is cure all Liver Ills. 25 cents. 
Berry Baskets. 
Quarts, Shorts, Pints, Thirds, &c. 
Peach Baskets. 
Sizes, 2, 4. 6, 8, io. i2, 14 
and 16 quarts. 
Grape Baskets. 
Sizes, 334, 5, 8, 10 and 
15 pounds. 
Peach Covers. 
Wood, burlap and cotton. 
BERRY, PEACH AND GRAPE CRATES. 
Crate stock and box shooks in all sizes, direct from 
the manufacturers. Special prices to dealers and car¬ 
load buyers. Write for catalogue. 
A. H. MONTAGUE Sc SON, 
Manufacturers and Agents. 
120 Warren St., New York City. 
FAMILY BOX OF 
Potted Strawberry Plants. 
ready July. Containing 
Brandywine ) 
TennesaeeProliHc, ( By express, 
1’arker Earle, f for #1.50. 
Marshall. 1 
J 
T C. KEVITT, - - ATHENIA, N. J. 
Successful 
growers of fruits, berries, 
and all kinds of vegetables, 
know that the largest yields and 
best quality are produced by 
the liberal use of fertilizers 
containing at least 10% of 
Actual Potash. 
Without the liberal use of Pot¬ 
ash on sandy soils, it is impos¬ 
sible to grow fruits, berries and 
vegetables of a quality that will 
command the best prices. 
Our pamphlets are not advertising circulars boom¬ 
ing special fertilizers, but are practical works, contain¬ 
ing latest researches on the subject of fertilization, and 
are really helpful to farmers. They are sent free for 
the asking. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
03 Nassau St , New York. 
2,000 BUSHELS 
CRIMSON CLOVER. 
Wholesale or Retail. Write for prices and samples. 
Germinating Qualities thoroughly tested. 
H. W. DOUGHTEN, Moorestown, N. J. 
PDIUCnU PI flVED~ The largest handler 
umnioun Ui.UVK.fi of American-grown 
Crimson Clover Seed In the United States, is JOSEPH 
K. HOLLAND, Grower and Jobber. Milford, Del. 
Also, Cow Peas, Winter Oats. Timothy 8eed, etc. 
PRIMCflN PI flVPD Thomas McElroy, Euro- 
ummoun ULUVin pean Seed Commission 
Merchant, Mercantile Exchange Building. Harrison 
St., N.Y. Continues the largest Importer of tine grade 
Crimson Clover in the U. 8. Prices to dealers only 
PflU|f HC ft Q — Catalogue free. Address 
llUn rtAd T. H. PARKER. Goldsboro. N.C, 
WORLD’S FAIR DIPLOMA 
on collective exhibit of 12 varieties of potatoes, some 
of which yielded over 1,000 bushels per acre; th» 
average was 400 bushels per acre of large, smooth 
and good flavored potatoes. It Is therefore proven with¬ 
out a doubt that our elevation and soil are superior 
to anything In the United States for the growth of 
hardy and vigorous seed. Prices: R. N.-Y. No. 2 and 
Potentate, per bush., 60c.; bbl.,$1.50. Mt. Carbon, per 
bush.$l; bbl.,$2.50; 10 bbl., $2. Rutland Rose and 
White Mountain, per bush., $1.50. Seed limited. Our 
Early Siberian Oats are new and direct from the 
International Seed Co. The heads are from 10 to 18 
inches long, with three oats In a chaff, shuck thin, 
berry large. Mr B Truax, of I’hlttenango Station, 
harvested 108 bushels of these oats from two bushels 
of seed. Price. $i per bush.. 50 bush.. Sic. Address 
HOWARD LOUCKS SEED CO., Chlttenaugo, N. Y. 
CARMAN No. I POTATOES. 
I will sell as long as they last at50 cents per bushel, 
shipped in sacks, or $1.60 per barrel. C. A. SWEET, 
Buffalo, N. Y., care Third National Bank. 
Selected Seed Potatoes. 
Rural New-Yorker No. 2, 75 cents per barrel, f. o. b. 
WM. S. LAWRENCE, Moira, Franklin Co., N. Y. 
Stowell’s Evergreen Sweet Corn 
Very One. For table or ensilage. A limited quan¬ 
tity at 00 cents per bushel, f. o. b. Bags, lj cents. 
Send money with order. 
WM. NEWTON, Henrietta. N. Y 
FRUIT PACKAGES'^,‘ 
Also Beekeepers’Supplies. 
Now is the time to order be¬ 
fore the rush of the busy season. 
Price list free. 
BERLIN FRUIT BOX CO., 
Berlin Heights, Brie Co.. Ohio. 
he Latest 
Largest Yellow 
Freestone PEACH. 
I DM PH 
JOS 
only 
Freestone PEACH 
Ripening with Amsde*L 
ig describing tne Ool’d plates of 3 new finite and an* 
wonderful Mercer Cherry and receive Emperor Peach Jane bud, postpaid. 
BLACK, SON & CO., Village Nurs.ri.a, HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
Peruvian Guano, I Per Cent Peruvian Guano. 
greatly reduced prices. ..* “I Fine Ground Dried Fish. 
Prices on Application BAUGH & SONS COMPANY, 412 Exchange Place, Baltimore, Md. 
oo©©©o©o©©o©©o©o©oe^' 
Fertilizer represents the highest 
tritive value. Practical experiments 
prove it to be the most economical in 
use and productive in results. Analysis 
shows it to contain for a basis 
HIGH GRADE PURE FINE BONE 
combined with the most efficacious properties. An infallible life renewer for 
| dead ground. Made for all kinds of crops. Sold by all agricultural and 
seed stores in the Middle States 
and New England. Send for 
1896 Catalogue. 
L. B. DARLING FERTILIZER CO., 
PAWTUCKET, 1L I. 
