1896 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
587 
LIVE STOCK MATTERS. 
(CONTINUED.) 
other has been served by the same bulls, 
but always drops male calves. The lat¬ 
ter is slightly the better cow, but I value 
the former more for evident reasons. 
Now, these are far from being isolated 
cases. The R. N.-Y. says that, in cross¬ 
ing these breeds, the bull should be of 
the larger size. But if we had to look 
to the Holsteins for quality, and to the 
Jerseys for quantity, the reverse would 
be true, our object being to increase the 
quantity of the quality. Now, this is 
the matter in general terms, but without 
asserting that quality is not likewise 
affected by the sire. Briefly stated, the 
sire exerts a “ predominating ” influence 
in one direction, the dam a “ predomi¬ 
nating” influence in another, while 
other vital forces are so intimately 
blended that little is required to turn the 
balance one way or the other. There 
are some so-called scrub cows whose 
progeny is, by no means, necessarily im¬ 
proved because the sire was a purebred, 
for the simple reason that there are some 
very despicable “ scrubs ” among the 
purebreds. The most notable changes 
when a cross is made, are physical char¬ 
acteristics which are comparatively sud¬ 
denly reproduced. The motherly traits 
are more tardy in manifesting them¬ 
selves, and more repeated crosses are 
necessary to bring them towards perfec¬ 
tion. How essential, then, to know be¬ 
forehand that the sire possesses, in a 
marked degree, the ability of reproduc¬ 
ing these traits. j. c. senger. 
SOME HEN NOTES. 
Eggs won't hatch; difficulties with an in¬ 
cubator ; reading a thermometer ; how 
often shall we feed ? Vinegar for gapes; 
hens vs. cows. 
A neighbor who keeps his fowls con¬ 
fined to their house and yard, has too 
many in one flock, and makes no effort 
to feed properly, has gathered bushels 
of eggs, and almost every egg put in an 
incubator or under hens, has hatched ; 
3(5 eggs under hens gave 35 strong chicks; 
60 chicks were hatched from 70 eggs in 
the incubator. Another neighbor fed 
carefully, studied “ balanced rations,” 
wishing to raise a large number of 
chicks, yet not 25 per cent of his 
eggs would hatch. Nearly all in this 
locality have had trouble this season, 
and I cannot find out the reason for the 
two notable exceptions. 
Our first two attempts with the in¬ 
cubator were almost total failures. 
Weak with illness, I was easily per¬ 
suaded that once a day was often 
enough to visit it, to turn the eggs, and 
that airing was unnecessary. Often a 
boy was sent to fill the lamp and take 
the temperature. He came back, one 
time, reported 106 degrees, and re¬ 
marked, “ I turned down the lamp.” 
The next morning, I found the ther¬ 
mometer at 80 degrees, and, of course, 
everything was spoiled. I called him 
and asked, “ What is the temperature 
now?” He looked and said, “85 de¬ 
grees.” The thermometer was leaning 
from the door, and he was looking at it 
through it. I raised the thermometer 
up straight, and then we saw where the 
error came in. 
A hen sat a week and left her nest; 
the eggs were uncovered all night. A 
second hen played the same trick a 
week later, and another was substituted. 
The seventeenth day, the nest was 
again found abandoned, and the eggs 
very cold; evidently the hen had been 
gone some time. As a matter of experi¬ 
ment, the eggs were put under another 
hen, and every fertile egg hatched. The 
second hatch grew all right until the 
twentieth day, then all died, except 30 
poor to fair chicks. Those that picked 
a hole through the shell on the under 
side were gummed in by a yellow, thick, 
sticky fluid that dried very quickly 
when the air struck it. In some cases, 
the fluid made a little pool on the floor 
under the egg as it ran out. If the 
chick broke out on top, it might not 
drown. “ Too much moisture, of course ” 
writes one. “ Not enough heat to dry 
them down,” says No. 2. While No. 3 
says, “ The cellar was too damp.” But 
the facts are that not a drop of water 
was put in the machine from beginning 
to end. The temperature averaged 103% 
degrees, and the incubator was not in 
the cellar at all, but in the new hen¬ 
house where everything dries out and 
wood shrinks. 
Should the growing chick absorb the 
moisture in the egg, or should it evapor¬ 
ate through the shell ? The reasons 
given by P. H. Jacobs in a late R. N.-Y. 
are not satisfactory, as the condition he 
supposes did not exist. There should 
not be any fluid in the shell at hatching 
time. The third hatch showed none— 
no moisture was used—and every chick 
that pipped came out. The thin mem¬ 
brane was just damp enough to prevent 
sticking to the shell. In starting the 
hatch, the temperature was kept down 
the first half day, and did not reach 103 
degrees until the close of the second 
day. The eggs were turned twice a day, 
and kept air end up. The head of the 
chick should be in the large end of the 
egg, and will be at the top until it 
grows fast which is said to be the 
eighth day. I did not want them to 
drown or suffocate this time and I found 
that most of those that hatched were 
“ right end up.” The eggs were cooled 
down by opening the doors until the 
thermometer showed 85 degrees as it 
laid on the eggs inside. This was 
done every other day. The 18th day 
they were cooled to 80 degrees and 
I did not open the incubator again 
until done. The heat did not vary a 
half degree, and the ventilators were 
wide open. I did everything I could to 
“ dry them,” even though it was July, 
and so hot that the lamp would heat 
enough if burned as low as possible. 
I find that wooden and metal cased 
thermometers do not register alike, and 
that position affects them also. We had 
an 85 per cent hatch this time, of the 
fertile eggs. If this last hatch shows 
anything, it shows that turning often, 
cooling, keeping large end up, and a 
uniform temperature are necessary; but 
who will tell me what made the fluid in 
one case and the entire absence in the 
other? On page 481, the cause of the 
sticky fluid is said to be a lack of heat, 
but in the incubator, there is no lack of 
heat. 
How often should we feed ? A friend 
has one hen that stayed back of the barn 
in the meadow; she and her brood were 
fed in the morning and not seen again 
that day. “ She raised every chick and 
they are twice as large as those I kept 
near the house and fed five times,” was 
her summing up. At another farm, a 
hen hatched four chickens somewhere, 
and was first seen in the yard with 200 
other hens. Their owner said, “ I did 
not care for them, and thought that two 
days would finish them. When the hens 
were fed, the chicks were afraid and 
ran under the fence. I do not see where 
they could get a single mouthful to eat 
after 200 hens had gleaned, yet every 
one, at two weeks of age, was larger 
than some we did everything for.” A 
little food, only gained after some 
searching, seems to be what they need, 
and constant activity makes growthy 
chickens. 
Our farm is infested with gape worms, 
and our only sure preventive is to keep 
the chicks shut up. I was told that wet¬ 
ting their feed with vinegar would effect 
a cure. I have tried all the remedies 
printed, without success, and see no rea¬ 
son why vinegar should benefit; but 
two of us have tried it, and although it 
did not cure at once, no more died, and 
in a short time, all were well. I hope 
that others will try it and report. 
Some begin to think that the theory 
that old hens are no good for egg pro¬ 
ducing, lacks proof. One yard of three- 
year-olds laid more eggs in a year than 
the yearlings. Pullet eggs are likely to 
be small and not suitable for the fancy 
trade. Do not be in a hurry to dispose 
of a good, healthy Leghorn hen ! And 
do not pay too much for pullets ! 
The returns for July, from 200 hens, 
exceeded those from 10 cows. The eggs 
sold for 15 cents per dozen, and the milk 
at 60 cents per 100 pounds delivered at 
the milk depot. My friend kept the 
milk at home, and after feeding the 
skim-milk, the daily supply of eggs in¬ 
creased 60 per cent in two weeks. Said 
he, “If I had 400 hens, and let nearly 
all the cows go and used only what land 
is needed to grow grain for the hens, I 
would make more money with half the 
work.” I think that he is more than 
half right, at least in refusing to sell 
good milk for less than the skim-milk 
seems to be worth for hen feed. I say 
seems, for the increased product may be 
due to an increased respect for the hen 
business since the test between cow and 
hen was made. c. e. chapman. 
Save Money and Health- by buying Dr. I). 
Jayne's Expectorant, If you have a Cough, a Cold, or 
any Lung or Throat, trouble. It is the oldest and 
surest remedy known. The best family Pill, Jayne’s 
Painless Sanative.— Adv. 
Horse Owners Should Use 
GOMB AULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
The GREAT FRENCH VETERINARY REMEDY 
A Safe, Speedy and 
POSITIVE CURE. 
Prepared 
excluBivo- 
ly by J. EJ. 
Gombaulti 
ex-Voterb 
nary Sur¬ 
geon to 
tho French 
Government 
Stud. 
SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY OR FIRINQ 
Impossible toprodnee any scar or blemish. Tho 8 afV*£ 
boMt BLISTER everuaed. Takes tho place of all lini¬ 
ments for mildor severoaction, ltcmovos all Jiunchcf 
or lilemUhc. from Horses or Cottle. 
As a HUMAN REMEDY, for Rheumatism, 
Fprnlne, tsoro 1 liroat, Lte., it Is invaluable. 
WE GUARANTEE 
produce more actual results than a whole bottle o£ 
any liniment or spavin cure mixture ever made. 
Every bottle of Cgustic Balsam sold is Warrnn. 
te«l to give satisfact ion. Price $ | .50 per bottle. Sold 
by Druggists, or sent by express, charges paid, with full 
directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars, 
testimonials, etc, Address " 1 
THE LAWUENCE-W1LLIAM8 CO., Cleveland. O. 
BAILING HORSE 
- means loss of money. We 1 
cure him while he works ( 
ifrom Harness Gall, Cuts, < 
Speed Cracks Grease Heel, < 
etc. Also good for sore teats 
on cows. Ask your dealer for 
it. Sample mailed for 10c . 1 
__ Enough to cure one horse. 
’ MW ANDyORKTHjHORSE° R O^n Town. Me. 
The Common Sense 
Milk Bottle. 
No rusty metal covers 
or twisted wire fasten¬ 
ers, less breakage, and 
can be washed abso¬ 
lutely clean and much 
quicker than any other 
milk bottle, avoiding 
tainted or sour milk. It 
is the handsomest, 
cheapest and best milk 
bottle ever offered for 
sale in any market. 
The Celebrated Thatcher’s 
Orange Butter Color 
Secured the only award of Medal and 
Diploma at the World’s Columbian Ex¬ 
position at Chicago, from the analysis 
of the Government Chemists and Ex¬ 
perts, also Thatcher’s Cream Cheese Color. 
For circulars and Price Lists, send your address 
to Thatcher Mfg. Co., Potsdam, N. Y. 
Protect Your Stock From Flies. 
Myself and patrons have been so delighted with the 
effectof ‘Shoo-Fly,” manufactured in Philadelphia, 
1 a., that I made duplicate orders in May. aggregating 
250 quarts. J. W . B USHER. 
Kansas City. Mo. 
I have used Slioo-Fly two years on my cows. It 
pays. Send me Twenty-five (25) gallons. 
Fallsington. Bucks Co., Pa. H. W. COMFORT 
SPECIAL Send 20c>: w111 return 1 pint Slioo-Fly. 
, Name Express Office. $1.60 per gal. One 
gal. lasts 3 animals a season. Freight pd. on 10 gals. 
Shoo-B'ly Mpg. Co.. 1005 Fairmount Ave.,Phila., Pa. 
AGENTS WANTED. 
THREE YOUNG JERSEY BULLS 
from dams that made 18 lbs. 8 ozs., 17 lbs. 12 
ozs., 21 lbs. 3 ozs. honest printed butter in 7 days 
R F. SHANNON, PITTSBURGH, PA. 
GUERNSEYS. 
Fifty head choice Cows, Heifers 
and Bulls for Sale. 
EKLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
RHINECLIFF, N. Y. 
The FINANCIAL question can be SETTLED by mak¬ 
ing the STANDARD a breed that pays a dividend. 
Willswood Herd 
Recorded Berkshire Swine. 
Registered Guernsey Cattle. 
WILLS A. SEWARD, Budd’s Lake. N. J„ or 
207 Broadway, New York City. 
South-Down Sheep. 
f!ASSTTTS Yf r>T.AV ivku. W 
WE 
CASSIUS M. CLAY, White Hall, Ky. 
are selling, at reasonable prices, 
POLANO-CHINA PIGS 
all ages. Write us what you want; we can please 
if. H. GATES & SONS, Chittenango, N. Y. 
CLOSING OUT FOR GOODt.’MKT. 
SHIRES. The famous Boars: Letterblair 28003; 
Stelton 3-i02. Four Sows in pig, and about 20 young 
Pigs of last May and June. Very cheap. 
PARK FARM, New Brunswick, N. J. 
CHESHIRES 
a ages. Pigs in pairs not akin. Every tenth order 
filled free. W. E. Mandevillk, Tompkins Co., N. Y. 
DUROC-JERSEY PIGS & 
can be seen at New York State Fair, 
_ E. L. CLAR KSON, Tivoli, N. Y. 
Ann SELECTED PEKIN DUCKS; extra stock 
T"UU Brookside Poultry Farm, Columbus, N. J. 
W. & B. P. Rocks and W, Wyandottes 
Good March to May-hatched Pullets or Cockerels $1 
One-year Breeding Hens, $1; six for $5 
One-year Cocks, $2. Eggs, 75c. per sitting. 
...» Stock and Eggs guaranteed pure. 
OR. H. J. ASHLLY, - - Machlas, N. Y. 
MANN BONE CUTTERS .A‘.. 
THY THKM BKRORK YOU PAY FOR THEM. 
NOTHING ON KARTH WILL I 
MAKE HENS LAY) 
Like Green Cut Bone. Ill. entlg. free Ifrou name 
this paper. F.W. MANN CO., MILFORD. MASS. 
Qonn ferrets. Trained Ferrets, that 
are actually worked on Rabbits and 
Rats. Sold cheap. Book 10 cents. Send for free 
circular. S. & L. FARNSWORTH, New London,O. 
PASTEUR 
Anthrax Vaccine 
The only preventive remedy 
for ANTHRAX in CATTLE, 
HORSES, SHEEP, MULK8 
and GOATS. 
PASTEUR Anthrax Vaccine Co., Ltd. 
(Sole Agents United States and Canada), 
No. 56 FIFTH AVENUE, 
CHICAGO. 
Galled Horses' 
-jeaiei,, 
It's the Ujwu x ou win swear to tflis fact if you 
POWDER. 60 cents by mail. 
_ Albany N. Y. « 
N. Y. State Veterinary College, 
ESTABLISHED AT 
Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., 
BY STATE LEGISLATIVE ENACTMENT. 
Thorough Scientific and practical training in all de¬ 
partments. The location allows of extensive clinics 
in all meat-producing animals, as well as in horses 
and dogs, to which latter the clinics are restricted iu 
the city coUeges. Unequaled facilities also for ad¬ 
vanced study and investigation. 
Entrance by Regent's “ Veterinary Student Certifi¬ 
cate," or by examination September 15,1896. 
Instruction begins September 21,1896. 
For extended Announcement address 
Professor JAMES LAW, F. R. C. V. S., Director, 
State Veterinary College, Ithaca, N. Y. 
ELLIOT’S PARCHMENT BUTTER PAPER, 
FREE 
A * G ' MjLJOT CO., Paper Manuiaotarws. 
