1896 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
6o3 
Cost of Scrub or Thoroughbred. 
(CONTINUED.) 
in better condition, at almost any period 
of its existence. In dairy cattle, it 
should be borne in mind that the well- 
bred animal usually trives double the 
amount of milk, and consequently, when 
milking, would naturally require a little 
more feed, but when not in milk, can 
usually be kept as cheaply as the scrub. 
We think this statement will prove cor¬ 
rect in the generality of cases. Of course, 
there may be exceptions. 
SMITHS & POWELL CO. 
We have never raised standard-bred 
horses, but we have three kinds of pure¬ 
bred sheep, three kinds of purebred hogs, 
two kinds of purebred cattle, and several 
kinds of purebred poultry, including 
White and Bronze turkeys, pea fowls, 
guineas, etc., and I am very decidedly 
of the opinion that it does not cost more 
to raise a well-bred animal than it does 
to raise a scrub. Indeed, I would say 
that the reverse is true, because, while 
the first cross of purebred cattle, sheep 
and pigs, has proved, with us, every way 
satisfactory, and they do fairly well as 
long as a purebred sire is used, I know 
from experience that purebred animals 
will, as a rule, do better than a scrub 
with the same chance. 
,J. 1). VAN VALKENBUBGII. 
Whether it costs more to raise a 
thoroughbred or scrub, depends, to a 
great extent, on the way he has been 
bred. It ought to cost less to raise a 
well-bred animal than one bred at ran¬ 
dom. If a breeder is an expert, he 
will thoroughly inform himself of the 
peculiar traits of the ancestry of his 
breeding stock, and an intelligent 
coupling of animals should produce 
healthy stock—which, at birth, inherit 
a strong constitution. There is no 
trouble in raising an animal with a 
sound, healthy body and strong con¬ 
stitution, and a well-bred animal ought 
to have digestive organs and power of 
assimilating food that would cause him 
to grow faster on the same food than a 
scrub. Breeders sometimes inbreed 
their stock, and thus cause a weakened 
constitution, or do not use sufficient 
care always to breed only strong healthy 
stock. I believe the constitution to be 
the foundation of success, and that, if 
an animal has been well-bred, it may be 
raised to maturity as cheaply as a scrub, 
and should bring enough more to pay a 
good dividend on the extra cost of the 
purchase money of his ancestry. 
c. M. AVINSI.OW. 
Costs Less for Well-bred Stock. 
I can state most emphatically that it 
does not. On the contrary, it costs less, 
providing that the well-bred animal has 
been skllljully bred. This is not always 
the case, of course, though it is so in 
the majority of cases. The object of 
good breeding is to remove defects of 
structure, and add perfection to the 
frame, as well as to the appearance, and 
if properly and intelligently followed, 
we would expect to get an animal hav¬ 
ing, not only a more sightly appearance, 
but with fewer defects, and with the 
milk, butter, or meat-producing quali¬ 
ties enhanced. A first-class cow, un¬ 
doubtedly, returns more money from a 
given quantity of feed than a scrub pos¬ 
sessing a rangy frame, small udder, and 
having no butter record in her ancestry. 
Thoroughbred swine—bred for deep 
side and ham and quick-maturing quali¬ 
ties, must of necessity, make pork more 
quickly than the long-legged and rangy 
class that do not begin to fatten until 
they reach maturity. The same holds 
true in regard to sheep and fowls. If, 
therefore, the purchase has not been 
made at a fancy price, and the animal is 
really what it purports to be, well and 
skillfully bred, the slight extra first cost 
will be quickly repaid, and the future 
profit will be much greater. 
It is, unfortunately, true, however, 
that there are too many professed breed¬ 
ers of thoroughbred stock that do not 
own an acre of ground, or breed a single 
animal, and who flood the land with 
alluring advertisements. Such men have 
done much to discourage fancy breed¬ 
ing, and have led purchasers to believe 
that all advertisers are dishonest men, 
and that well-bred stock (so-called) is of 
no value. For this evil, the farmers 
hold the remedy in their own hands—if 
they would but use it. Public exposure 
should be made relentlessly of all parties 
who perpetrate swindles on the public, 
and complaint should also be made to 
the recording secretaries of the stock as¬ 
sociations. But the best and most prac¬ 
tical safeguard a stock buyer has is to 
buy only from men who have enough 
faith in the quality of their stock to 
ship subject to approval, the shipper to 
pay all charges both ways , if the stock be 
rejected. This insures shipment of the 
highest quality of stock only, and while 
it does not guarantee the pedigree, it 
stands to reason that a man who will 
ship in this way, is much more likely to 
be honest than one who ships in the ordi¬ 
nary way, and then makes it so hard 
for a buyer to return an unsatisfactory 
animal that he would rather keep it 
than be bothered with a long corre¬ 
spondence, coupled with aspersions on 
his knowledge of what constitutes a 
good animal. “Caveat emptor ” (Let 
the purchaser beware !) is an old legal 
maxim that holds good in stock buying 
as Well as in all other branches of busi¬ 
ness to-day. The intending purchaser 
should first look in the columns of a 
high-class, reputable paper, like The 
R. N.-Y. for stock advertisements, and 
then make “ assurance doubly sure ” by 
patronizing only the breeders who ship 
subject to return at their own expense. 
If this plan be followed, I do not think 
that any one will be sorry that he in¬ 
vested in high-class stock. The “ best 
is always the cheapest” in the end. 
GEORGE RIIYFKDD FOULKK. 
Registered Jerseys Cost More. 
It costs me considerably more to grow 
registered Jerseys than it does to grow 
scrubs or grades. When I raise a grade 
or scrub, I expect to get a medium price 
when I sell it ; knowing this, I do not 
give it extra feed or care—just merely 
common treatment—and sell the animal 
for the ruling price. In every such case, 
it has cost more than it will sell for. In 
my experience, 1 find that, in fully nine 
cases out of ten, farmers are selling 
scrub cattle and horses for less than cost 
of production. 
I commenced the cattle business with 
a grand herd of grades, averaging 300 
pounds of butter per cow per year. I 
had to sell yearling heifers from this 
herd for $15 to $18 each. I sold the en¬ 
tire herd, and bought the best herd of 
registered Jerseys I could find in New 
York State. This made the interest on 
the investment greater. To raise this 
class of cattle successfully, I had to pro¬ 
vide much warmer stables. The young 
calves are fed whole milk warm from 
the dam for the first four weeks ; then 
warm creamery milk and linseed meal 
are gradually substituted for the whole 
milk. I never fed a grade calf whole 
milk after the first week. Then the 
thoroughbred calf is fed all the grain, 
milk and hay it can digest until July 15 
or August 1, when the calves are turned 
into clover pastures and fed wheat bran. 
Calves treated in this way, at six to eight 
months of age, are as large as common 
yearlings, and are in demand at $40 to $50 
each. It has been seldom that I could 
sell a full-aged, grade cow for this price. 
Our farmers are going out of the busi¬ 
ness of raising calves, preferring to buy 
young cows for $25 each. Our horse 
breeders have made public sales and dis¬ 
posed of their horses at a heavy loss. I 
have reached the conclusion that, while 
it costs more to raise a well-bred animal, 
and get it into shape to sell for a paying 
price than it does to raise a scrub, in 
these days of keen competition and low 
prices, it is the only way to make the 
farm pay. myron reightmyek. 
SOME INDIANA POULTRY. 
I have had the care of poultry, more 
or less, for more than 40 years, and have 
always been considered “ lucky with 
chickens.” For the past 10 years, we 
have had a plastered henhouse, 10x36 
feet. We keep from 200 to 250 fowls in 
it at night; during the day, they have 
unlimited range. During the summer, 
they find most of their living ; in the 
winter, they are fed corn in the ear that 
they must pick off for themselves, some 
wheat or oats, and sometimes, a warm 
feed of mush. The henhouse has a pile 
of sharp sand and gravel in one corner, 
and the floor is covered with leaves or 
trash and chaff from the barn on which 
the grain is thrown. They are fed all 
the spare milk the year ’round, and all 
the scraps and cracklings at butchering 
time. Sometimes scraps are bought 
from the butcher for them, but not a 
great many. We have never given our 
poultry that extra care that some peo¬ 
ple deem necessary, yet we have never 
had cholera. We bought the roup once 
in buying some fine White Leghorn cock¬ 
erels, and had some trouble to stamp it 
out which we did, after a loss of a dozen 
or so. 
Our greatest trouble is lice, which we 
have to fight early and late. We used 
to lose some chicks from gapes, but since 
we learned to put the coops on freshly- 
plowed ground, sprinkling ashes or 
lime around, and moving the coops on 
fresh ground frequently, we have no 
trouble with it. 
As to results. From 200 fowls, in one 
year, we sold $144.75 worth of eggs, 
selling right along at the market price, 
which ranged from 8 and 10 cents up to 
35 cents per dozen. We raised 300 young 
chickens. We figured out our poultry 
as being on a profitable basis, in this 
way : the manure paid for the labor in¬ 
volved, and the liberal use of poultry 
and eggs on the table more than paid 
for the food, so that the price of eggs 
and chickens sold is clear gain. We 
neglected keeping a careful account of 
the chickens sold. 
On an average, we do quite as well 
with our poultry, but that is the only 
year we kept the account. This year, we 
are keeping an accurate account in every 
particular. We are using an incubator, 
have built a house 12x60 feet for brood¬ 
ers, and expect to build another of the 
same size for hens. We have now 200 
old fowls and 500 chicks. With our ex¬ 
perience, we have no fear of keeping 
large flocks in a house, and feel that 
we have done fairly well without doing 
so much extra work as seems to be con¬ 
sidered needful by some persons. u. 
Crawfordsville, Ind. 
For several years I have been afflicted with Asth¬ 
ma. and Jayne’s Expectorant Is the only medlcino 
that has ever given me any relief — LUKE VANA- 
MAN. Boekweli, Tex., November 4, 1895. 
Regulate your bowels with Jayne’s Sanative Pills.— 
Ad t>. 
A REAL REMEDY 
one that CURES 
Curbs, Splints, Colic, 
all Lamenesses, Shoe 
Boils, Contracted 
and Knotted Cords, 
Callous of all kinds, 
Strained Tendons, 
Scratches, etc., will 
be found in 
Used and Endorsed 
by Adams Ex. Co. 
TUTTLE’S ELIXIR 
1 the only standard Horse Remedy in the world. 
1 Doesn't scar or change the hair. Warranted to 
i locate lameness by remaining moist on part 
affected; the rest dries out. 
Tuttle’s Family Elixir is a safe cure for 
all pain, conquers Rheumatism, Sore Throat, 
Colds, Pneumonia, etc. Sample of either Elixir 
free for three 2-cent stamps to pay postage. 
Fifty cents buys either Elixir of any druggist, 
or it will be sent, charges paid, by 
DK. S. A. TUTTLE, Sole Proprietor, 
27 It Beverly St., - BOSTON, MASS 
onnn ferrets. Trained Ferrets, that 
are actually worked on Rabbits and 
Rats. Sold cheap. Rook 10 cents. Send for free 
circular. S. & L. FARNSWORTH, New London,O 
THREE YOUNG JERSEY GULLS 
from dams that made IS ll>s. K ozs., 17 lbs. 12 
07,8., 24 llis. 3 o/.s. honest printed butter in 7 days 
R F. SHANNON, PITTSBURGH, PA. 
GUERNSEYS. 
Fifty head choice Cows, Heifers 
and Bulla for Sale. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
KUINKCLIFF, N. Y. 
CHENANGO VALLEY SSSS 
burgh. Jr., Proprietor. Dorset Horn, Shropshire and 
Rambouillet Sheep, Dutch Belted and Jersey cattle; 
also Poland-Chlna, Jersey Red and Suffolk Pigs. 
Public Inspection i * Waverlyfnh to 12th. 
WiHswood Herd 
Recorded Berkshire Swine. 
Registered Guernsey Cattle. 
WILLS A. SEWARD, Budd’s Lake, N. J., or 
207 Broadway, New York City 
OLD HOGS, YOUNG HOGS. 'Z iS ZoZ 
from our herd of Poland Chinas. To reduce stock 
before enlarging our swine parlors. High prices, low 
prices; uny kind of prices accepted. Write 
F. n. UATES 0i SO NS, Chlttenango. N Y. 
CLOSING OUT FOR GOOD 7. A J,'r 1«S: 
SHIRKS. The famous Hoars: Letterblair 2806*: 
Stelton 82702. Four Sows in pig. and about 20 young 
Pigs of last May and June. Very cheap 
PARK FARM, New Brunswick. N. J. 
CHESHIRES 
all ages. Pigs in pairs not akin. Every tenth order 
tilled free. W. K. Mandevii.le, Tompkins Co., N. Y. 
400 
SELECTED PEKIN DUCKS; extra stock 
Brookside Poultry Farm, Columbus, N. J. 
Standard Green Bone and 
Vegetable Cutter Co , 
MILFORD MASS, 
Sue. to Tlic E. J. Itoche Co. 
Warranted Hi* only Manu¬ 
facturers of automatic 
feeding,easy running,dur- 
able Green Bone Cutters. 
, V 6 sl/.es for hand & power: 
• .- No. 10. $0 75; No «.l, $7.00; 
2® No. 8. $0.50; No. 3 $lfi:No.4. 
■* $18; No 2. for power, $25. 
Sent on trial Send for cat. 
BUCKLEY’S IMPROVED BASIN. 
Wo make Watering; Basins for Horses and 
Cattle, with styles adapted to every kind of fasten¬ 
ing, at prices from 75 cents to $1.50. 
WHITE FOR CATALOGUE. 
C. E. BUCKLEY & CO., Dover Plains, N.Y. 
DIRECT-UM BIT 
Best Combination Bit made. 
Severe or Easy 
as you want it. 
Sample mailed,XC Wl.OO. 
Nickel W1.50. 
RACINE MALLEABLE IRON CO., RA w c ,' s N . E> 
Gailed Horses 
It's the be9t. You will swear to this fact if you 
will try CALL POWDER. 60 oentsby moll. 
MOORE BROS. ALBANY N. Y. 
PASTEUR 
Anthrax Vaccine 
The only preventive remedy 
for ANTHRAX in CATTLE, 
HORSES, SHEEP, MULKS 
and GOATS. 
PASTEUR Anthrax Vaccine Co., Ltd. 
(Sole Agents United States and Canada), 
No. 56 FIFTH AVKNUJS, 
CHICAGO. 
Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Swine. 
Geo. W. Curtis, M. S. A. Origin, History, 
Improvement, Description, Characteristics, 
Merits, Objections, Adaptability South, etc., 
of each of the Different Breeds, with Hints on 
Selection, Care and Management. Methods of 
practical breeders of the United States and 
Canada. Superbly illustrated. About 100 full 
page cuts. Cloth. 82. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, New York. 
