896 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
739 
FARMERS’ CLUB DISCUSSION. 
(CONTINUED.) 
eaten all they want. The farmer must 
kill the worms and insects himself, and 
it costs no more to kill them all than it 
does to kill two-thirds of them. The 
man who depends upon the birds to rid 
his crops of insects, will, like the man 
who depends upon prayer to make them 
grow, have a very slim harvest. 
No one dislikes to kill a bird more than 
I, but I feel justified in doing it when 
the success of my operations for getting 
a living, depend upon such a course. 
When birds become a pest, I fail to see 
why it is any more cruel to kill them 
than it is to kill cut worms and potato 
beetles. I dislike to kill anything, even 
a squash bug, which is my greatest in¬ 
sect enemy ; but as it, like the monopo¬ 
list, lives upon the labor of others, I feel 
justified in putting it out of the way. I 
kill no animals, birds or fishes for fun, 
neither do I kill any for food, for I be¬ 
lieve that such savage customs should 
not be practiced by civilized people. 
There is enough in the vegetable king¬ 
dom to feed all the people in the world, 
and I have no doubt that they would be 
better in both health and morals if they 
would cease their cannibalism, and live 
on cereals, fruits and vegetables. 
Metal Wheels for Wagons. 
E. B. W., Newton, I a.—T hese wheels 
have been used in this community, but a 
short time, so that we cannot decide as 
to their durability. I asked a neighbor 
who has used a set for two years, what 
he thought of them, and he expressed 
himself as well pleased. 
“ Are they as strong and durable as 
wooden wheels V ” 
“ I think so,” he said, “ though one of 
mine got broken. It was the tire that 
broke or came unwelded. It did not 
seem to have been welded very well in 
the first place, and 1 have had to get it 
fixed two or three times, and now some 
of the spokes are loose and rattle. I 
think, though, that the wheel was hurt 
in a runaway we had in the orchard, so 
I cannot say that the wheel was origin¬ 
ally weak. Since I got mine, I have seen 
some in the implement stores that I like 
better. I believe that the later wheels 
are better than the first ones put out. 
The low-wheeled wagons are exceed¬ 
ingly handy, and are a good thing to 
have on the farm.” 
More Prize Butter. 
Mrs. H. A. L., Wekdsport, N. Y.—My 
cows are three high-grade Jerseys, past¬ 
ured in an old pasture, but got into the 
oat stubble, which injured the flavor of 
the butter. Had they been kept out of 
the stubble, my butter would have been 
perfect, for it was in every other respect. 
The cows had no grain. The milk was 
set in pans, remaining until the cream 
was ready to skim, always taking the 
cream from the milk while sweet. I let 
the cream remain in cream jar until 
ripe, or ready to churn, stirring every 
time I added any, and of tener if I thought 
proper. 1 churned in a dash churn ; 
ounce of Worcester salt, to the pound of 
butter was used. When the butter was 
churned, I took it up in a butter bowl, 
and with a ladle pressed out the butter 
milk, being careful not to disturb the 
grain of the butter. Twice working is 
my rule, and then pack in a jar. The 
most important thing is keeping the 
milk and cream in proper condition, and 
at the right temperature. 
A Queer Accident. 
Alva Agee, Ohio.—A neighbor, weigh¬ 
ing 240 pounds, drives a substantial team 
of grays to a heavy farm wagon. Coming 
You must have a neighbor who 
To wants The R. N.-Y. Now is the 
; time to interest him. Send us his 
■ I ) dollar, and he will get the paper 
* * to January 1, 1898, and you may 
) have a choice of these books: 
I 898, First Lessons in Agriculture, 
/ American Grape Training, 
) The Business Hen, 
$1.00. The Nursery Book, 
) The New Potato Culture. 
from the village the other day with his 
wagon minus the bed, he was sitting on 
the rear axle. Two boys on horseback, 
racing their horses in a reckless way, 
came up behind the wagon, and one of 
the horses, having very little more sense 
than its rider, did not turn aside but 
tried to vault over the wagon and man. 
It landed on the hind wheel, its head 
went down in front, a somersault was 
turned directly over the neighbor, and 
the horse came down crosswise the 
coupling pole, crashing it to the ground. 
My neighbor crawled out from beneath 
the prostrate animal and the rear axle 
of the wagon, off which he had been 
tipped by the crash, and his first utter¬ 
ance was a demand upon the boy that 
he pay him 75 cents for the broken 
coupling pole. I harbor no intention of 
tacking a moral on this story—it is 
merely a plain recital of facts. 
There are four shrubs that make up, 
by their showy fruit in late autumn, for 
their shortcomings in the way of flowers, 
and these four shrubs, when planted in 
groups near one another, or intermin¬ 
gled, are at this time and later, exceed¬ 
ingly attractive. One is the fSnowberry 
(Symphoricarpus racemosus) which bears 
large, snow-white berries in racemes. 
Another is the Indian currant or Red- 
fruited Symphoricarpus, which bears 
smaller, pink berries in long spikes. A 
third is the Matrimony vine or bush 
(Lyceum Barbarum). This bears scarlet 
or orange-red oblong berries, half an 
inch or more long. It is an excellent vine 
for covering walls where a thick mat 
of verdure is desired, and where few 
others would thrive. The last is the 
berberry or barberry (Berberis) which 
bears oblong berries of a bright crim¬ 
son color which are retained all winter. 
There is a variety known as Thunberg’s 
barberry that is desirable on account of 
its dwarf habit and the rich, brilliant 
colors the foliage assumes in the fall.... 
Among many favorable reports of the 
Carman No. 3 potato, we select this for 
publication 1 because it comes from Mis¬ 
souri (F. A. Bruner, Clinton). 
I have just dug my potatoes, Carman No. 3. 
From one small potato planted, I dug 36 fine pota¬ 
toes, all larger than the one I planted. They 
weighed 12‘A pounds, making a peck. 
A FRIEND, J. C. Wood, of Alpino, 
Mich., writes us that he cut a medium¬ 
sized Carman No. 3 into 20 pieces, one 
eye in each piece, and one eye to every 
hill. He dug an even bushel of “ nice, 
large, smooth potatoes.” 
The rest were cut two eyes to a piece, 
but these did not yield so well. All had 
ordinary cultivation in new land. 
Mention was made of a red-fleshed 
apple which, when cooked, might well 
be mistaken for cranberry sauce. 
Mr. J. H. Funk, of Boyertown, Pa., 
sends us a rather small apple the skin 
of which is a bright yellow, while the 
flesh is as red as that of a Black Mexi¬ 
can watermelon. The apple keeps well, 
and the quality is very good. The tree 
is a vigorous grower and bears well. 
Mr. P. Emerson, Wyoming, Del., the 
introducer of the Ridgeley chestnut, 
sends us a few nuts, the result of a cross 
between the Chinquapin, a dwarf tree, 
(Castanea nana) and our American Sweet 
chestnut, Castanea Americana. The 
Chinquapin tree grows not over 10 feet 
high. The hybrid nut of Mr. Emerson 
is about one-third larger than the ordi¬ 
nary chestnut, and of fine quality. 
Again, we are favored with a speci¬ 
men of the Missouri Mammoth quince, 
first noticed in The R. N.-Y. of Decem¬ 
ber 28, 1895, page 859. This one meas¬ 
ures 15 inches in circumference either 
way, and is quite shapely for so large a 
quince, and of a bright yellow color. In 
quality, it seems much like the Orange. 
It was sent by Mr. William Mustard, of 
Ripple, Ind., who says that it is one of 
over 250 bushels that grew on 67 trees, 
11 years from the graft. “There are 
many more in the orchard,” he says, 
“ equal to this, and some that are sacked 
are larger and better shaped. The soil 
is rich. It is cultivated and a little salt 
and a mulch are given in the fall when 
cold weather sets in. The branches are 
cut back every spring. 
The Latest Returns! 
Though Incomplete, show that every State has 
surely gone for the PAGE. Where it was well 
known there was practically no opposition, and as 
it Is a ' stayer,” this settles the quest.on fo several 
terms. 
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Cornell University. 
FOUR COURSES IN AGRICULTURE. 
Two Winter Courses begin January 4, 1897; 
Regular and Special begin September 26, 189T. 
For Announcement address 
I. P. ROBERTS, Director, Ithaca, N. Y. 
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*L. 
Cloud of Witnesses No, 2. 
We expect you to believe these people. When the first “Cloud of Witnesses” was published, thousands upon 
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Clifton Forge, Va., 
May 14, 1896. 
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Catarrh. Newry, S. C., Aug. 12, 1896. 
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frdrfc Lyceum Theatre, 
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