794 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 28 
OIL MEAL FOR LIVE STOCK. 
As most of our readers know, “ oil 
meal ” is the ground product of crushed 
linseed or flax seed. The oil is first taken 
out of the seed, and then the residue is 
ground into a coarse meal. In the “ old 
process,” the seed is simply crushed with 
a powerful pressure to extract the fat. 
In the “ new process”, the fat is taken 
out by the use of naphtha, and any excess 
of naphtha is removed by steam. As a 
rule, the “old-process” meal contains 
somewhat more oil or fat than the other. 
The following questions were sent to 
farmers who have used this meal : 
1. For what kind of stock is it best ? 
2. How much is it safe to feed ? 
3. With what other grain would you mix it ? 
Good for Young Stock. 
I think highly of oil meal, especially 
for young stock. I begin feeding it to 
the calf when from four to six weeks 
old ; at first, a teaspoonful at each feed¬ 
ing, mixed with two tablespoonfuls of 
“daisy’’flour; the mixture is scalded 
and stirred into the milk. As the calf 
becomes older and stronger, the quan¬ 
tity of both flour and meal is increased. 
When the calf goes into winter quarters, 
and is put upon dry forage, a quart each 
of ground oats and bran with the addition 
of a half pint of oil meal at each feeding, 
night and morning, with a half peck of 
sliced Swedes at noon, should start the 
young animal off well for the winter. 
Without the ground oats, the ration 
would be too laxative in connection with 
the Swedes. 
For a yearling, coming two years old, 
one pint of the oil meal, with four quarts 
of bran, or bran and oats, would make 
a good feed, night and morning. The 
Swedes or mangels are as good for the 
yearling as for the calf. 
To the cow, I would not feed the oil 
meal until a day or two before calving ; 
then a pint with two quarts of bran at 
each feeding for a few days. After the 
fever has gone out of the cow’s system, 
I would advise a mixture of one quart 
of oil meal, and two quarts each of bran 
and corn meal. Even this quantity of 
the different ingredients should always 
be made dependent upon the size and 
physical condition of the animal. 
It is to be presumed that the success¬ 
ful feeder studies the habits and char¬ 
acteristics of each cow m his herd, care¬ 
fully watching the effect of her feed, 
both as regards milk and condition. Fed 
in too large quantities, oil meal is liable 
to make the butter salvy, but fed judic¬ 
iously in connection with corn meal, 
oats or a little cotton-seed meal, it is a 
very health-giving food to the animal, 
and profitable to the farmer. I have 
always preferred the “ old process ” as 
being more palatable and giving better 
results. D. M. CAMPBELL. 
Oneonta, N. Y. 
Never Feed it Alone. 
Our experience with oil meal has been 
wholly confined to calves and cows. We 
should never feed it alone to milch cows, 
but always in connection with other 
grain. For young calves, as soon as 
they learn to drink, a tablespoonful 
mixed with the skim-milk, increasing 
the quantity gradually until they will 
use from a half pint to a pint twice a 
day. We know of nothing better to 
feed to calves. For milch cows for milk 
alone we think it better when used with 
bran, about three parts bran to one part 
oil meal. 
The meal has a tendency to make soft 
butter, but if an equal quantity of 
cotton-seed meal be used where butter 
is made, the butter will be all right. A 
good mixture of grain, I believe to be 
200 pounds wheat bran, 100 pounds oil 
meal and 100 pounds cotton-seed meal, 
giving from four to ten quarts per cow 
per day, depending on the milk given 
and period of lactation. We believe in 
feeding all that a cow will consume and 
turn to a profit. We find that it pays to 
study each cow’s ability to use food and 
the use she makes of the food. Some 
cows will eat almost all you may give 
them, but return no more than if less 
were fed. Others with increase of feed 
give increased product to a certain ex¬ 
tent, while still others will use so much 
and do well, a little more keeps them 
thrown off their feed, and a loss in 
product follows. For our own use, in 
mixing with cotton-seed or other heavy 
concentrated grain, we prefer the coarse 
spring bran, as it seems to make a more 
palatable mixture for the cow. 
Connecticut. h. g. Manchester. 
For All Kinds of Stock. 
I have used oil meal in the rations of 
all kinds of stock, including chickens, 
with much satisfaction. Animals soon 
learn to relish it. Oil meal is a highly 
concentrated food, containing all the 
food elements found in our ordinary 
feeding stuffs, but in different propor¬ 
tions. It contains more of the nitro¬ 
genous—muscle-making—element than 
any other feed obtainable, except cotton¬ 
seed meal. Although oil meal contains 
all the food elements, it is not a complete 
food, and should never be fed alone. It 
would not be economical, or conducive 
to the health of animals. The propor¬ 
tion of the different classes of food 
elements is not right. It contains a dis¬ 
proportionate amount of the muscle- 
makers. Water, lime and hair are the 
three requisites for making plaster. No 
one or two of them can supply a de¬ 
ficiency in the third. This is true, in a 
less limited way, of the food elements. 
Hence the character of oil meal indicates 
that it should be fed in a limited quan¬ 
tity, and in connection with some fodder 
lacking in the nitrogenous element, as 
the straws, Timothy hay, corn stover, or 
corn in the case of hogs fed that grain 
with little or no milk. United with feeds 
of this class, oil meal reduces the total 
amount of feed required to supply the 
nutritive demands of an animal. 
Last winter, I kept a large, coarse team 
gaining in flesh through the winter upon 
wheat straw, five ears of corn and a pint 
of oil meal each twice a day. No amount 
of wheat straw and corn that the horses 
could have eaten would have compen¬ 
sated for the loss of the oil meal from 
the ration. On the other hand, had the 
straw been replaced by hay, largely 
clover, the oil meal would have been as 
superfluous as sugar on buttered bread. 
Again, oil meal could not have displaced 
the corn profitably to a much greater 
extent. Two pounds a day per 1,000 
pounds of live weight are about the 
limit of the profitable use of oil meal for 
horses. Where oats, bran, or clover hay 
enter the ration very largely, oil meal is 
not needed except that it is a pleasant 
appetizer and enables animals to digest 
more than when confined to a narrower 
list of foods. Animals in lactation may 
have a little larger proportion of oil 
meal than work or store animals. The 
amount must always be regulated by the 
character of the other foods. Here are 
two rations for cows, being approximate¬ 
ly the proper amount for one day, and 
containing the right nutritive ratios : 
1. —45 pounds corn ensilage. 
15 pounds clover hay. 
3 pounds oil meal. 
2. —20 pounds corn fodder (containing the grain) 
10 pounds clover hay. 
4 pounds oil meal. 
These indicate about the proportion in 
which it may be fed to advantage. But 
animals should be accustomed to it 
gradually, as it may have a cathartic 
effect. 
Oil meal may advantageously be mixed 
with ground wheat or wheat middlings, 
to make a slop for hogs fed largely on 
corn. It is of advantage for young, 
growing animals. But a mistake that is 
frequently made in its use is in adding 
it to skimmed milk for young calves. 
The skimmed milk has a narrower ratio 
than new milk, and should have corn 
meal rather than oil meal added. 
The relative prices of oats, wheat by¬ 
products and oil meal determine which 
may most economically be employed to 
supply the nitrogenous elements. When 
bran is worth $15 a ton, oil meal is 
worth about $20. 
For horses and sheep, I get it ground 
more coarsely than for cattle and swine. 
They eat it more easily. I buy direct 
from the factory in any quantity de¬ 
sired, and find that I save the middle¬ 
man’s profit. H. p. MILLER. 
Delaware County, O. 
As Medicine and Food. 
As a medicine, old-process meal is 
loosening, worm-killing, and animals fed 
with it fatten more rapidly and have 
shiny, smooth hair. As a food, it is con¬ 
centrated, and seems to give the animal 
strength. The best results were observed 
when fed to horses. A pair of work 
horses were fed oil meal and wheat bran 
for 18 months, without any other grain. 
I never had a team in better heart, do 
more work, or look better than they did. 
The mixture was two parts wheat bran 
to one of oil meal, and they were fed 
nine quarts of the mixture per day. 
The next best results were when fed 
to young pigs eight to twenty weeks 
old, to be kept for breeding. It put a 
finish on them equal to corn meal with¬ 
out the ruinous fat. It was fed in milk, 
and is best when made into a gruel by 
pouring boiling water on it, but we 
usually stirred in a quart of the dry 
(.Continued on next page.) 
fl 
-IS 
' 5 *Wi 
•ii 
What About 
Cooked Food? 
The most successful stock feeders sav 
that by cooking you double the bulk 
and value of meal for horses, cattle 
and pigs. 
The Granite State 
Boiler and Cooker 
is what every farmer and stock-feeder 
needs. It is cheap, simple and strong 
in construction—will last a lifetime. 
It can be used in preserving fruits and 
vegetables, also for sugaring-off in the 
maple sugar season. 
Our pamphlet on cooking food for farm stock tolls 
all about it. Sent free on application. Address 
Granite State Evaporator Co. 
203 Main St., Marlow, N. H. 
THOMPSON’S BANNER 
D "T (Hand & 
K 1 Rower.) | 
1 
SixJ 
CUTTERI 
Outs all kinds of roots & 
vegetables for STOCK 
FEEDINC. The only 
machine made with self 
feeder. Warranted to do 
Perfect work. Feed 
left in shape to prevent all dan¬ 
ger of choking. Used every¬ 
where, Catalog FREE. Address 
5 O. E. THOMPSON & SONS, 
> 17 River Street, YPSILANT1-MICH. 
SAVE THE TOLL 
by grinding your owu grain. 
All GROUND GRAIN IS DIGESTED. 
No hogs need 
follow where the 
S cientific 
IS used. The four sizes, for 
steam, grind all kinds of 
grain shucked orunshucked 
Also horse power grinders. 
Catalog FREE. THE F00S MFG. CO., SPRINGFIELD. 0. 
No.3 “PRIZE” FEED MILI 
OVER 30,000 IN USE. 
All Iron and Steel. Automatic 
Shake Feed. Perfect Ad* 
justable Feed Slide. 
Grinds as fine or coarse as 
desired. Will run by any 
power,one to five horse,sweep, 
tread, steam or wind. Will 
not choke down the smallest 
power. Sold ata low price to _ 
advertise the fact that we are the largest manufac¬ 
turers in the world of labor saving farm machinery. 
Send for special offer on this mill and large illus¬ 
trated catalogue of “Hero” and “American”Grinding 
Mills, 26 sizes and styles. Feed Cutters, Peek’s 
Corn Threshers, Tread Powers, Sweep Powers, 
Goodhue Galvanized Steel and Wood WIudMIlIsfor 
power and pumping, W ood Saw s, Corn Shcllers. etc. 
APPLETON MFG. CO., 11 Fargo St., BATAVIA, ILLS. 
FRENCH BUHR MILLS 
28 sizes and styles. Every mill warranted. 
For All Kinds of Grinding. 
A boy can operate and keep in 
order. “Book on Mills” 
and sample meal FREE. 
All kind, mill machinery. Klonr 
mill, built, roller or bnhrsy.taiu. 
Reduced Pricesfor’96. 
NORDYKE & MARM0N CO., 
270 Day Street, 
HARRISON’S BURR-STONE 
GRINDING MILLS. 
On the market 60 years. They were grant¬ 
ed the highest possible award attheWorlds 
Columbian Exposition in 1893, for 
Extreme Simplicity, Ac¬ 
ceptable Work and Low 
Price. Reduced prices for 
this season. Send 2c. stamp for 
48p. Illustrated Catalogue. 
LEONARD 1). HARRISON, 
Hal lock Av©., New llarcn. Conn. 
HEEBNERS’ 
— PATENT— 
Level Tread 
HORSE POWER 
Send for 
Catalogue 
l Crusher. 
Ensilage and Dry Fodder Cut- 
Also Threshers and Gleaners, Feed 
Mills, Com libellers, Drag Circular Saw Machines, otc. 
UKKllNfiU A SONS, J.unsdule, Fu., t. s. A 
With SPEED REGULATOR^ 
For 1, a and 3 Horses. 
RH“teeconomy 
1 of Ground Feed” is a valuable work 
’ on that subject by the eminent Dr. 
Manley Miles, which is sent' 
to inquirers by the maker of I 
KELLY DUPLEX 
GRINDING MILL. 
i The mill that grinds all kinds of single or mixed! 
i grains inton coarse, medium or fine grist as desired, i 
i Grinds cotton seed, corn nnd cob, shucks on or off; j 
, fast, durable, economical, requires but little power., 
No experience required to operate. Write to-day. 
THE 9. S. KELLY CO ■ SPRINGFIELD. OHIO’, 1 
THE 
PUBLIC 
DEMAND FOR A MACHINE 
JZ rj> that would not only cut en¬ 
silage, hay, straw uud dry 
fodder, but which would 
shred dry fodder perfectly, 
led us to supply the want 
with the 
OHIO] 
Standard Dry Fodder Shredder which is 
the latest, nnd we believe the best of its kind, i 
You will see by tlie cut it is the same machine^ 
with a shredder cylinder; it is interchangeable} 
with the knife cylinder. Two machines in one 
Will tellull about it in our circulars 
and catalogue, inuiled FREE. 
The Silver Mfg. Co. 
SALEM, OHIO. 
The “ 
SMALLEY 
Outfit 
at Work. 
Our “family’’ comprises for’96. Ensilage and Fod¬ 
der Cutters, Corn Shredders, Feed Mills, 
Ear Corn Critiders, Root Cutters anil Pow¬ 
ers for operating. Our pamphlets should be 
read by every “up-to-date" stock-raiser and dairyman 
in U. S. No. 1. “The Model Round Silo and howto 
build it;” latest reports from practical stock-feeders 
on the silo. No. 2 tells about “Corn-Hay,” the new 
fodder product—its market and feeding value and 
how to mako it. Free with catalogues if you 
name this paper. 
SMALLEY MFC. CO., Manitowoc, Wls. 
BTS 
The Best and Cheap 
Mill on Earth. Fully 
warranted. Will 
choke. Write at 
once for prices 
and Agency. " 
Prices lowest. 
Quality best 
It 
grinds 
more grain 
to any degree 
fineness than 
any other mill. 
Corn, ear or shelled, 
Oats, Wheat, Ac., fine 
enough for any purpose. 
Made only by 
SteyensManbfact’g Co 
JOLIET, ILL., 
Jobbers nnd Manufact¬ 
urers of Wagons. Farm 
Machinery, Windmills. 
* 
© 
SMOKE YOUR MEAT WITH 
KRAUSERS LIQUID EXTRACT of SMOKi 
cu lar.E.KRAUSERScBRO.MIIJON.PA 
Weekly, 16 pages, only $1 a year. Fain pie ropy free. 
Balance of 1896 FREE to new subscribers tor 1897. 
G w. York & Co., 1 J 8 Mich., St., Chicago, Inn. 
