4 
W. L. ZUILL. 
SYNONYMS. —One of the oldest names of this disease is 
taken from the Italian, and called influenza, because it was then 
believed that certain atmospherical conditions was the cause of 
its spread and its infection. This term was appropriated, and 
used by the Germans, and from them passed into France. 
Some authors have confused typhoid with carbuncular fever or 
anthrax, and it is not unlikely that a superficial, and hurried 
examination, made some time after death, upon animals which 
had succumbed rapidly to this disease is responsible for this 
opinion. As soon as the symptomatology of this disease was 
well defined, the term typhoid fever was given to it. This 
name has created a great deal of criticism, but has nevertheless 
been retained. Objection has been made to its use because it 
indicated a similarity or identity with the disease of the same 
name in man. It is, however, not the same disease that is 
ound in the human species, and is not transferable from one 
species to another. Typhus fever is a term that has been 
suggested by some writers as a name for this disease, but this 
would be still more objectionable, as it is a term already used 
to designate a contagious disease in the bovine species. Prof. 
Lafosse, of Toulouse, proposed to call the disease typhose, 
indicating a certain condition of stupefaction, or coma, but the 
term has not been accepted by the veterinary profession, and is 
seldom used. Typhohemia has also been used in this sense, to 
indicate a state of stupefaction of the organism due to a pro¬ 
found alteration of the blood, but I think I can show this to be in¬ 
correct when we come to review the pathological anatomy of the 
disease. Adeno catarrhal fever is a term which can only desig¬ 
nate one of the rare forms of this condition. Bilious, hepatic, 
adynamic and ataxic fevers are also open to the same objections, 
and this is also true of such terms as epizooty, distemper, pink¬ 
eye and shipping fever; of these terms those which mean any¬ 
thing at all indicate only symptoms of the disease, rather than 
define its condition. 
The term typhoid fever, although it might seem to indicate 
a similarity with the disease of the same name in man, yet is 
