TYPHOID FEVER; OR, CONTAGIOUS INFLUENZA IN THE HORSE. 
9 
and strikes one as being out of all proportion to the other 
symptoms. In influenza or typhoid fever the febrile symptoms 
decrease as the local manifestation becomes developed. A 
complete loss of appetite is one of the earliest symptoms, the 
patient refusing all kinds of food, but fresh cool drinks will be 
readily taken at any time, which can be taken advantage of for 
the adminstration of food. These animals are dull and sleepy, 
the head hangs in the manger, and facial expression is entirely 
wanting; there is a general constitutional depression, with an 
unsteady drunken gait. 
The respirations are increased to 20 or 25 per minute, and 
the pulse to 70 or 80, while the action of the heart is extremely 
exaggerated. The temperature ranges quite high, with a 
marked coloration of the conjunctival and bucal mucous mem¬ 
brane. The eyelids are sometimes swollen and blinking, with 
tears overflowing upon the cheeks (a pathonomonic symptom). 
These symptoms are soon followed by chills, and muscular 
tremors of the shoulders and thighs; when covered with a 
blanket the skin soon becomes warm and moist; at this stage 
of the disease no localization can be determined. 
The blood contains quite a large proportion of fibrin, or 
plasma. Messrs. Grehaut and Trasbot have found as much as 
7 grains to the litre instead of 3 to 3^, the normal quantity. 
They find that the defibrinated blood, when exposed to air, will 
again coagulate, and that about I gram of fibrin may be again 
extracted from it. M. Grehaut has ascertained that a large 
percentage of urea, creatine and creatinine is also present in 
the blood, and that' the microscope shows nothing in the shape 
of foreign elements; the red corpuscles are intact, have not 
undergone changes or modifications; they agglutinate, and 
appear a little more sticky; there is an increase of white cor¬ 
puscles, which is not specific, as similar modifications can be 
found In all inflammatory diseases. Other changes mentioned 
by some writers are merely post-mortem, and have tended tO' 
propagate errors concerning the disease. 
Localization upon the Intestines. —This is the usual 
