TYPHOID FEVER; OR, CONTAGIOUS INFLUENZA IN THE HORSE. 
II 
accelerated, varying from 25 to 30 per minute. For two or 
three days the characteristic symptoms of pulmonary diseases 
are not noticed, the rusty discharges being almost always 
wanting. As a rule, the pneumonia begins low down, near the 
leg bronchus, and spreads from there slowly to the periphery. 
Normal sounds are heard on ausculation; percussion reveals 
a slight dullness in the middle, and lower part of the lung, 
whilst the resonance is retained in the anterior, posterior and 
superior parts. In the majority of cases, however, the dullness 
is not thus accurately limited and defined between fixed lines. 
A tubular breathing is not infrequently heard to the end of the 
disease, for the obstructed zones are surrounded by tissues per¬ 
meable to air. In a certain number of cases the chest wall is 
not sensitive to percussion, while in others a very exaggerated 
sensitiveness is manifest, demonstrating the presence of a pleuro¬ 
pneumonia. There are times , however, when the pleuritic com¬ 
plications will exist without any noticeable sensibility of the chest 
wall due to the marked depression of the nervous system with 
corresponding slight reaction. 
These symptoms, taken in their entirety, are slightly modi¬ 
fied from what they usually are. This localization is serious, 
for it produces the greatest mortality. Some sudden complica¬ 
tion ending in asphyxia is always possible. At a given moment 
the animal appears to grow better, but the next day pulmonary 
congestion may supervene, and death follow by asphyxia. Even 
without this complication of congestion, the pneumonia has a 
tendency to terminate in gangrene, the lungs grow tender in 
spots, the red mucous membrane now changes to violet color, 
the temperature rises suddenly to 107 3-5 F. (42 c.), and even 
more; there is a greyish clotted fetid discharge, always accom¬ 
panied by rumblings in the bowels, and bronchial rales. Pleu¬ 
risy may manifest itself at the outset, or follow later as a 
complication of the pneumonia. In this last condition death 
often comes on in the following manner: Pleurisy at first comes 
on slowly, suddenly there is an aggravation of the symptoms, 
and the animals die of asphyxia, either in conseqence of the 
