CASTRATION. 
IOI 
In both cases the patients did well and made rapid recovery, 
refuting- the old fogy notion that the operation could not be 
safely performed in cold weather. 
The record of each year is as follows : 
In 
1868 
1 
operated 
on 
69 
stallions 
3 
of which died. 
4 4 
1869 
< t 
4 4 
4 4 
87 
4 4 
2 
44 44 44 
44 
1870 
14 
44 
44 
102 
44 
1 
44 44 44 
4 4 
1871 
u 
4 4 
4 4 
94 
44 
3 
44 44 44 
u 
1872 
44 
4 4 
4 4 
100 
4 4 
none. 
44 
1873 
4 4 
4 4 
4 4 
1 33 
44 
1 
of which died. 
4 » 
1874 
4 4 
44 
44 
84 
44 
2 
44 44 44 
u 
1875 
44 
44 
44 
120 
4 4 
2 
44 44 44 
4 ; 
1876 
4 4 
44 
44 
173 
4 4 
2 
44 44 44 
44 
1877 
4 4 
44 
44 
182 
4 4 
3 
44 44 44 
Total: 
1144 
stallions 
19 
ratio about i| % 
Of this number there were ruptured 12 at the time of oper¬ 
ation, aged as follows: Weanlings 3, one-year-old 2, two-year 
olds, three-year-olds I, four-year-olds 2, five-year-olds 1. 
Total 12. In the majority of the cases the hernia was diag¬ 
nosed prior to the operation, and the animal cast and operated 
on; with this fact in mind and all due care and attendance 
given the cases. In one or two others the discovery was not 
made until after the operation had been performed and the 
patients returned to their stalls. In one case, that of the five- 
year-old horse, the discovery was not made for some time after¬ 
ward, while I was in the owner’s house eating my dinner, the 
information coming to me from the owner’s son, who was watch¬ 
ing the horse, to see that he did not pull off the clamps while 
the caustic placed therein was irritating the cords. When I 
reached the stable the intestine was hanging down half way to 
the hocks. The animal was at once cast and after considerable 
difficulty the hernia reduced. This animal made a fairly rapid 
recovery. In the others from which the intestines protruded, 
the animals all died of peritonitis after reduction, or had to be 
destroyed because reduction and the replacing of the intestines 
within the abdominal cavity could not be accomplished. The 
causes of death in the 19 cases were recorded as follows: 
Tetanus or lock-jaw 9, peritonitis 6 (in three of these the ani- 
