674 
E. NOCARD. 
after 24, 36 and 48 hours they still persist ; there is prostration 
and the temperature remains above normal of more than one 
degree. 1 
2. In healthy horses, on the contrary, the injection of mal- 
leine, even in much larger quantity is without effect ; the^tem- 
perature remains normal, the general condition is not modified, 
and at the point of injection there is only a small tumour, cede- 
matous, slightly warm and little painful which instead of in¬ 
creasing, diminishes rapidly and completely disappears m less 
than 24 hours. _ . 
3. The reaction following the injection of malleine is alto¬ 
gether specific, when it exists it allows the rapid and certain 
affirmation of the existence of glanderous lesions,, even the 
the smallest; when the reaction fails one can be certain that the 
animal experienced upon has no glanders, whatever may be the 
appearance of the suspect lesions, or the result obtained by the 
inoculation of their products. Ulceration of the pituitary mem¬ 
brane resembling chancres of glanders, purulent lymphangitis 
resembling so much farcinous cords, and even producing a sup¬ 
purative orchitis in the guinea-pig, are in this way readily dis¬ 
tinguished from glanderous lesions. 
4. The use of malleine cannot give truly useful indications 
unless all possible causes of error are avoided: 
(rt) It would be imprudent to employ it in animals already 
feverish, the indications of the thermometer might be affected by 
it and bring on an erroneous conclusion. 
(£) Animals submitted to the experiment must not be ex¬ 
posed to atmospheric variations (sun, fogs, ram, wind, etc.). If 
most of horses are more or less unaffected by the influence of 
these causes, some are not, and outside of other causes may by 
them exhibit variations of central temperature of i° 5, 2° or 
even more. Serious errors might follow such experiments, 
specially if the indications of the thermometer were only taken 
in consideration. 
(c) And lastly, one must not forget that some diseases, dis- 
temper for instance, are often accompanied with daily oscilla- 
r 
